The nkhondo mu buku "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo. Chithunzi cha nkhondo mu buku la "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere"

Mu dziko kuyambira pa nthawi ya Homer, ndipo komabe alibe chilengedwe zolembalemba kuti woterowo mabuku zosavuta kuti zafotokozedwa moyo monga anachitira epic Leo Tolstoy a "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere".

Buku kwambiri moyo

Ntchito si zilembo zazikulu m'njira ochiritsira mawu. Russian namatetule anavomereza kuti masamba a otaya m'buku la moyo kuti nkhondo limabangula, ndiye kugwa dziko chete. Mu mtsinje moyo wa anthu wamba amene ali wake ndi particles organic. Nthawi zina zimakhudza izo, koma nthawi zambiri amabadwa nazo, kuthetsa mavuto awo tsiku ndi mikangano. Ngakhale nkhondo mu buku "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" akusonyeza woona ndi zofunika kwambiri. Palibe kulemekeza buku, koma palibe jekeseni wa chilakolako. anthu wamba kukhala ndi a nkhondo ndi mtendere, ndi kusonyeza basi momwe izo ziriri mu nyimbo ndi boma wamumtima.

Popanda zosabvuta luso

Mutu wa nkhondo mu buku "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" si oumbidwa chongopeka wolemba. Pamafunika danga kwambiri ntchito, utali zimatengera mu moyo weniweni wa anthu Russian kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XIX. Koma Russia kwa zaka 12 anamenya nkhondo zonse, ndi zikwi za anthu akhala nawo iwo. Europe ndi chipwirikiti, akamanena za moyo European akufunafuna latsopano mitundu ya moyo. Ambiri falitsani mmwamba "nyama ziwiri miyendo", umene anthu ambiri koma "ankati ndi Napoleon."

Kwa nthawi yoyamba Prince Kutuzov limapezeka pa masamba a buku patsogolo pa nkhondo ya Austerlitz. nkhani yake kwambiri ndi watanthauzo, ndi Andrei Bolkonsky, ife kuyankha kwa chinsinsi limasonyeza ntchito yomwe Kutuzov ku tsogolo la anthu ake. Chifanizo cha Kutuzov mu "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" ndi zachilendo koyamba. mkulu uyu, koma mlembi ankaoneka kuti muzindikire talente utsogoleri. Inde, iwo amene anali mmenemo, poyerekeza ndi Napoleon ndi Bagration, osati yaikulu kwambiri. Choncho zimene iye amene anaposa namatetule nkhondo? Ndipo maiyo, chikondi kuti kusweka mtima wake pa Austerlitz, pamene asilikali Russian anathamanga: "Ndicho chimene chingapweteke"

Leo Tolstoy relentlessly chikusonyezera mfundo za nkhondo. Kuyambira okwana chiwonongeko Russian asilikali 1805, amapulumutsa ndi samveka Tushin, osati utsogoleri talente Bagration ndi Kutuzov. Mosakayikira, mfumukazi wamphamvu, koma mphamvu yake ndi wotembenuka kukakamiza kavalo popanda wokwera, pamene akapolo amakana kufa chifukwa cha icho: kuponya, kulumidwa koma ndizo zonse.

Nkhani osiyana - nkhondo

Kwa olemba Lva Tolstogo, anali mutu chonde, amene anathandiza awulule kwa wowerenga makhalidwe abwino auzimu a ntchito za otchuka. achiyesa sanali wolemba, ndipo onse "asokoneza." Iye anagwira kulira kwa moyo wa munthu. otchulidwa lake lidzafika malinga ndi kulira kwa miyoyo yawo, kaya mu bwalo la nkhondo kapena mtendere. Chifanizo cha Napoleon mu "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" zikusonyezedwa ndi mbali olondola, ndicho - mu kamvekedwe anthu. Si zofunika kwambiri chimodzimodzi Natasha Rostova. Iwo onse a moyo wofanana. Onse amachokera ku nkhondo nkhondo.

njira Napoleon okha umadutsa magazi ndi Natasha - mwa chikondi. Napoleon, osati kwa mphindi zakuti akutsogolera malo a mitundu. Choncho mkokomo wa moyo wake. Koma Napoleon anali chabe anasankha mwangozi zosaneneka, pamene mitundu yonse ya Europe mu ubongo kuphunzitsa lingaliro lowopsya - kuphana mbodzi na mbodzi. Ndipo amene akhoza kuposa zikugwirizana lingaliro, koma Napoleon - underdeveloped nyenyezi yaing'ono ndi malingaliro overdeveloped?

Nkhondo yaikulu ndi yaing'ono

Titsimikizidwa nkhondo mu buku "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" alipo mu zonse, zazikulu ndi zazing'ono, mu nkhondo ndi mu mtendere. The mthunzi wa asilikali Russian ndi malire a dziko linali nkhondo. "Pamene siteji?" - anafunsa mwaphuma Kutuzov wamng'ono asilikali. "Ndipo pamene iwo akufuna kuchita ndewu" - anati wachikulire wanzeru Russian munthu. Pakuti iwo nkhondo - izi ndi masewera ndi utumiki, amene adzalandira mphoto ndi kupititsa mutsogolo. Ndipo kwa munthu-eyed Mwamunayu ndi anthu - ndi moyo yekha.

Nkhondo ya Borodino ndi zotsatira za kulimbana pakati pa mitundu iwiri yayikulu, koma chabe Zomwe zinachitika mu moyo wa aliyense amene anakhalabe pa dziko kupitirira. Chabe tsiku mabingu nkhondo. Ndipo chinachake chimene chasintha pa dziko kuyambira. Europe anatsitsimuka. Osati njira ya chitukuko izo wasankha. Ndipo Napoleon anali ofunika ake. Ndiye simudzalola chabe. Ndipo palibe namatetule ngati mkulu kapena malingaliro ndale la kudzampulumutsa sadathe, chifukwa mtundu wonse pa Borodino anati likhale ndi mtima wake wonse kukhala yekha.

Knights nkhondo

Iye anafotokoza nkhondo mu buku "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" ku maganizo a anthu osiyana. Mwa iwo alipo komanso amene nkhondo ndi chinthu chachilengedwe. Tikhon Shcherbaty, amene nkhwangwa unachitikira, ngati mano nkhandwe; Dolokhov, moto wakudya ndi player; Nikolai Rostov, moyenera ndi wamphamvu wolimba munthu; Denisov, chimasanduka-kumwa ndakatulo ndi nkhondo; kwambiri Kutuzov; Andrey Bolkonsky - nzeru zapamwamba ndi wachikoka umunthu. Kodi iwo ndi ofanana ndi mzake? Ndi chakuti, kupatula za nkhondo ndi moyo wosiyana alipo. Chifanizo cha Kutuzov mu "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" chikutanthauza ali mwangwiro basi kukopedwa. Ngakhale monga Ilya Muromets chipulumutso cha Lathu atavula mbaula.

Ichi ndi Ankhondo onse ankhondo, pa mutu umene si nzeru kapena malingaliro, ndi nyama nzeru zachibadwa ngozi. Kutuzov sanali osiyana kwambiri kwa Tihona Scherbatogo. Iwo onse sindikuganiza, sindiwo, ndi kumva monga nyama, pali ngozi, ndi kumene akukumana nawo. N'zosavuta kuona ndi kuledzera Tikhon, amene akupempha pa mpingo. Nikolay Rostov kumapeto kwa buku za chinachake amalankhula ndi Bezukhov, koma nkhani zake zonse anawona nkhondo zithunzi yekha.

Mu buku "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" palibe mabodza kapena wamba, kapena amene anati, monga kukhala zoseketsa. Leo Tolstoy relentlessly monga fano la zilembo wake. Salanga iwo konse, koma anatamanda. Ngakhale Andreya Bolkonskogo Zingaoneke, ngwazi lake lapamtima, iye sizikupanga chitsanzo chabwino. Womutsatira moyo - ndi ufa, chifukwa alinso Knight a nkhondo, ngakhale yamtendere. Imfa ndi kudzipha chikondi Natasha anali mphoto yake, chifukwa makamaka Napoleon moyo kuti scarier weniweni Napoleon. Aliyense ankakonda Iye, - palibe. Zamatsenga mphamvu ya Knight a nkhondo inagunda ngakhale pamene iye asanafe anatsika mtendere. Muulamuliro wake anali ngakhale kindest wa amuna - Per Bezuhov ndi mtima kwabasi, ndipo ili pali kuopseza dziko, uyu ayipa koposa nkhondo yoopsayo.

The kugawanika mu mlengalenga

Andrey Bolkonsky atagona pa munda wa Austerlitz, ndipo anaona kumwamba. Pamwamba zinawululidwa osawerengeka. Mwadzidzidzi Napoleon akufika ndi anamuperekeza wake. "Izi - imfa wokongola" - anati amene sanadziwe kalikonse imfa kenanso kapena, makamaka mu moyo. Ndipo kodi kuzindikiridwa pankhani imeneyi, amene asaone moyo wa munthu wina? Funso ndi losafuna. Ndi nkhondo zithunzi mu buku "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" onse apamwamba.

Anthu kuthamangira pansi, kulasa mzake, kukokera zidutswa mkate kuchokera pakamwa ena, manyazi ndi kunamizidwa achibale ake. Chifukwa zonse izi, pamene mlengalenga muli bata malire? Kumwamba zidzasankhidwa, chifukwa mu miyoyo anthu komanso linagawanika. Aliyense amafuna kukhala pafupi ndi mnansi wabwino, koma pa nthawi yomweyo kuchititsa mabala m'maganizo ndi munthu wabwino.

N'chifukwa chiyani nkhondo ndi mtendere mu moyo wotsatira?

chithunzi Tolstoy za nkhondo mu buku "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" ndi limodzi ku chifanizo cha dziko, chifukwa iwo ali consubstantial mu moyo weniweniwo. A namatetule Russian atamukoka ndi moyo weniweni osati zimene mukufuna kuona momuzungulira. mfundo zake nzeru zaumunthu mu mankhwala m'malo wosazindikira, koma ndi choonadi kuposa maganizo akatswiri highbrow. Ndipotu anthu mulibe chilinganizo pa pepala.

Chilakolako amanena ndi wamphamvu kuposa chifukwa. Karataev chifukwa anzeru anzeru, koma chifukwa moyo odzipereka aliyense tinthu za thupi lake, ku ubongo mosavuta pa. Buku akuganizira consubstantial wosatha ndondomeko ya moyo, imene - kufa kwa mtundu wa anthu, choncho aliyense.

Ndipo dziko losweka mu theka - amasuta vuto

Prince Andrew pa tebulo ya opareshoni, ndipo Womutsatira kumaliza mwendo Anatole Kuragin. Ndipo ganizo loyamba mutu wanga Andrew: "N'chifukwa chiyani iye pano," Ndi maganizo amenewa pachithunzi chilichonse moyo wa munthu mu kamphindi limodzi okonzeka kutsatira nkhondo powonekera. The nkhondo mu buku "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" sikuti pali akufotokozedwa, kumene mizinga ikulira ndipo anthu akuthamanga mlandu mpeni. Pamene kukuwa mwana wamng'ono mayi anaphedwa, kodi sichoncho nkhondo powonekera? Palibe nkhondo kuposa kuti pamene anthu aŵiri akulankhula za moyo ndi imfa ya anthu mamiliyoni ambiri, omwe sanayambe konse? Anagawa kuwala kwa kumwamba kwa nkhondo ndi mtendere, ndi linagawanika.

Kukongola kwa moyo mu buku la "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere"

Leo Tolstoy ndi ankhanza chifanizo cha zithunzi anthu, ndi ankhanza chifanizo cha moyo wa munthu palokha. Koma kukongola kwa kuoneka mawu a buku lalikulu. Bezuhov chimakakamiza mwa moto wa mwana, kufunafuna mayi ake. Wina sleepily kuyankha mafunso, mantha tisavulale. Koma Bezukhov komanso zochita zake mosaganizira zazindikirika ndi owerenga monga okongola kwambiri kwa moyo wa munthu.

Ndipo anamva Bolkonski changu Natasha Rostova mu kunja kuli zii usiku! Ngakhale Sonia wosasangalala ndi wopanda mwana wake, wouma moyo, nayenso, ali yake dreary, kupweteka kukongola. Iye anamenyera chimwemwe ndi anataya nkhondo inexorable tsoka. The nkhondo mu buku "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" ali zikwi mithunzi, komanso kukongola.

Nondescript Tuszyn amene wataya manja ake pa maziko a mdani, umasanduka wokongola lanthano chimphona, osati m'maganizo mwake. Zimakhala mofananira kuti thundu, amene analankhula Andrey Bolkonsky. Powonekera kwa msonkhano wa akulu ankhondo pambuyo pa nkhondo ya Borodino akadandaule mu buku mwa maso a mwana. Ndipo momwe kukongola zikuwoneka momwe adawona ndi anakumbukira chokumanako mwana: "agogo anga anadzuka, ndipo onse anamvetsera kwa iye!"

Kufikira kuthambo

Atalemba buku "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere", malinga ndi otsutsa ambiri, Lvu Nikolaevichu Tolstomu kawiri kokha anakwanitsa kukwera pamwamba sverhpravdivogo luso zolembalemba - ndi "mdierekezi" ndi "kuvomereza", koma posakhalitsa.