The Republic of Benin mbiri ndi anthu

Ufumu ndi dzina wosangalatsa wa Dahomey anadziwika kuti azungu okha mochedwa Ages Middle. Today m'gawo lake ndi Republic of Benin. Ali ndi zimene zinachitika kalezi chinachitika m'mbuyomu zaka 6, ndikuuzeni nkhani.

chisanadze atsamunda nthawi

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za moyo m'mayiko a Benin zamakono za nthawi Paleolithic ndi Neolithic. Mu XVI atumwi, pamene kugombe la Gulf wa Guinea anafika Chipwitikizi amalinyero ndi amalonda, apo analipo boma la Dahomey. Anthu akumeneko sankafuna nkhanza ku Ulaya, ndi XVII m'ma pa Atlantic gombe la ufumu chinazikidwa Chipwitikizi, Chifalansa ndi Dutch malonda Pamudzi. Kenako kunafika amishonale a Chikatolika, yemwe anatsegula sukulu zapulaimale choyamba.

Komabe, chidwi mu chitukuko cha kugona ndi Dahomey wabweza onga m'chilengedwe kokha mu XVIII atumwi, amene anali chifukwa kusintha ake ku umodzi mwa amphamvu kwambiri States West African pa nthawi.

malonda a akapolo

Mafumu a Dahomey mokondwera malonda ndi azungu. Yotsirizira makamaka chidwi akapolo wakuda kugwira ntchito m'minda ya madera awo American. Komanso, iwo anali atawerenga kuti asilikali a mfumu Amazons amene ankamenyana ndi amuna, ndipo anali thupi kwambiri ndi maphunziro nkhondo. Ndi asungwana awa mwakachetechete walowerera midzi m'mayiko oyandikana ndi Allada Uidu ndipo anayesa kugwila akaidi ambiri, ndiwo maziko a "katundu" wa Dahomey.

Wokwanira kuti mu 1750 ndiye Mfumu Tegbesu udachita kapolo yaikulu ndalama mu masiku a mapaundi 250 zikwi. Part ndalama anakhala pa kupeza zida kuti tikhalebe pa Bay oyandikana ndi anthu a m'mayiko azigwira.

Mu XIX atumwi

Mu 1848, Dahomey anakana kugulitsa akapolo azungu. Mu 1851, France anapanga poyerekezera kuti State ankhanza manja, kusainira mgwirizano ndi mfumu ya Porto Novo. Last anali m'manja mwa mfumu ya Dahomey Glélé ndi malipiro msonkho.

Mu 1862, Porto-Novo anatchedwa protectorate French, ndipo kenako linatengedwa. Komanso, mu 1885, woyikidwa ntchito pa malonda a akapolo, amene anali kuteteza mayendedwe a akapolo mu West Indies.

The zaka makumi 2 m'ma XIX kugombe la Dahomey anakhala bwalo la ku Ulaya kuti Anafuna kutenga izo pansi protectorate ake.

Mu 1889, ku French anagonjetsa Cotonou, Dahomey ndipo analamulanso mfumuyo kuti kulemba pangano. Malinga ndi chikalata ichi, Porto-Novo ndi Cotonou anazindikira chuma cha France. Nayenso boma alipire 20,000 franc Dahomey. French njuchi dzina lake Benin.

Mu 1892, Mfumu ya Dahomey wapangana mapangano angapo. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, dziko analengeza ndi protectorate French. Mu 1894, Mfumu ya Dahomey anali ku ukapolo ku Martinique, ndi dziko wataya ngakhale semblance ya ulamuliro.

Pofika kumapeto kwa XIX m'ma zone m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Benin, Dahomey ndi madera pafupi, anagwidwa ndi French, anapanga njuchi ndi likulu Porto Novo.

Mu zoyambirira za m'ma XX

Mu 1904, zaka 55 pamaso idamangidwa ndi Republic of Benin, njuchi la Dahomey izo anakhala gawo la French Africa West, ndipo anayamba kumanga chamakono pa nthawi ya doko Cotonou. A njanji kutalika 45 Km inamangidwa zaka 2, lomwe chikugwirizana gombe latsopano ndi Uidu.

Modern kumalire tsopano ndi Republic of Benin, njuchi anagula mu 1909.

Pamene nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse, asilikali a ku France kumenyana pa dera la German Togo Dahomey ntchito ngati maziko a asilikali.

Mu 1915, anam'galukira kumudzi, yemwe achotsa. Popular zitsanzo inachitikanso mu 1923. Ndipo mu 1934 ku Dahomey limodzi ndi gawo French la Togo, ndipo mu 1937 dziko anakhala osiyana utsogoleri unit.

zaka 9 patapita anapatsidwa udindo wa m'gawo kunja kwa France ndipo analenga Council General - woyamba boma thupi m'dziko limene tsopano Republic of Benin. Mpheroyi alangizi 30, amene amasankhidwa ndi onse akulu akuku, kaya mwamuna kapena mkazi. Komabe, kuti akhale woyenera kuvota, amuna ndi akazi athe kuwerenga, kulemba ndi kulankhula French.

Mapanganowo nthawi ya atsamunda

M'zaka loyamba ufulu wodzilamulira, dziko la Benin zachitika pa maziko a zimene analenga m'nthawi ya Dahomey. Akamadzalamulira atsamunda padali anamanga zipatala ndi masukulu chachikulu, ndipo analenga zikuluzikulu yopanga mafuta kanjedza. Ife patsogolo kwambiri ndi amishonale a Chikatolika.

atchedwe ufulu

Pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World utsogoleli atsamunda Dahomey inkakhala kumbali ya kayendedwe "Free France". Akamaliza ake, Sharl De Goll panokha chinathandiza kufooka kwa mphamvu ya bwanamkubwa. Mu 1952, mmalo mwa Council General Assembly anakhazikitsa Chathetsa, ndipo mu 1958, Dahomey wodzilamula kuti ali nawo mu dera French.

Full kusadalira France analengeza pa August 1, 1960. Likulu la boma latsopano ankalengeza Porto-Novo, koma boma chake chidachotsedwa ku Cotonou.

The Republic of Benin: zaka za ufulu

Zaka zoyambirira 15 cha ufulu, angapo coups asilikali wachitika mu dziko. Mu 1975, Republic of Benin analengeza kumeneko. Iwo ankapita ndi amene anayamba kulamulira mu 1972, Major Naye Kareku, amene yalengeza cholinga chake chachikulu yomanga lamadyerero.

Mu 1989, wolamulira anaganiza yaitali "kukonzanso" ndi kuchotsedwa dzina la dziko mawu akuti "anthu." Mu 1991, panali chisankho demokalase ku Benin. Chifukwa cha dongosolo chipani chimodzi chokha anawonongedwa.

Ali Republic of Benin, ndi mbali ya chuma chake

Dziko ili mu Africa West ndi kupeza nyanja kudzera Gulf wa Guinea. Mu kumpoto, kumalire dziko ndi Niger ndi Burkina Faso, kumadzulo - ndi, ndi kum'mawa - ndi Nigeria.

Makampani amapereka% 13.5 yokha ya GDP. Dziko wakhala kubala mchere, kuphatikizapo golide, nsangalabwi ndi laimu. Ndi posachedwapa yapangidwa zitsime za mafuta. Pali mafakitale nsalu, monga LLC "Skirteks" ( "Skirteks Limited"). The Republic of Benin komanso ukugwira zomera processing chakudya ndi mabizinezi simenti kutulutsa. Makampani opanga mu dziko ukufanizidwa ndi makampani nawo processing zipangizo zaulimi yaiwisi.