Tikamazunzidwa fupa: thunthu ndi kudwala

Fupa mazunzo imagwiritsidwa calvarium. Iwo amagwirizana ndi ziwalo (kupenya ndi fungo), kugwira ntchito wopangidwa ndi tichipeza zigawo ziwiri: yopingasa ndi choimirira. dipatimenti Cham'mbali lagawidwa m'mphuno unpaired ndi madera yozungulira nthunzi.

Fupa mazunzo idzafotokoza zinayi: awiri yozungulira, m'mphuno ndi mazunzo mamba. Tikamazunzidwa pamwamba ali mamba zotsatirazi: mazunzo (kunja), ubongo (mumtima) ndi awiri zosatha (mbali). Fupa mazunzo ndondomeko ya kusintha kusanduka, akufotokozera n'chodabwitsa mazunzo zikanabweretsa mphumi ozizira anasintha: kuchokera kutsikatsika anakhala otukukira kunja. Pamwamba mazunzo ndi otukukira kunja patsogolo, yosalala midline pali pang'ono noticeable okwera. Pamwamba kunja kwa zigawo zapambuyo mamba umalowa pamwamba yozungulira. Fupa mazunzo (padziko mamba) ndi wosiyana padziko arcuate mzere zosatha mwakanthawi.

matenda

Hyperostosis ya mazunzo syndrome fupa kapena Morgagni-Stewart-Morel ndi sayansi zoposa 250 zaka, koma ngakhale lero chidwi asayansi matenda akupitiriza mosaletseka. Chifukwa cha matenda pali maganizo, vegetative-mtima ndi kagayidwe kachakudya ndi matenda m'thupi. Ena olemba kuti zizindikiro hyperostosis waukulu monga kunenepa, oopsa, kulimbikira mutu. Kawirikawiri matenda pamodzi ndi mavuto a m'maganizo (atrophic myotonia, matenda oziziritsa, matenda cerebrovascular, rheumatoid matenda). Komabe, mpaka osati anakhazikitsa osiyana etiological china.

Osteoma la fupa mazunzo - matenda osowa yodziwika ndi mapangidwe zotupa chosaopsa. Akukhulupirira kuti etiology wa osteoma kugwirizana ndi chinthu kumtundu (Mwina kupatsira kudwala ana mwachindunji 50 peresenti), monga afotokozera kobadwa nako exostosis.

The pathogenesis matendawa

Osteomas kudziwika mitundu itatu: olimba, ndi medullary chinkhupule. Olimba osteoma imakhala nkhani wandiweyani, (m'mbale), amene anakonza kufanana pamwamba pa neoplasm a. Medullary mtundu osteoma lili cavities yaikulu amene anadzazidwa ndi mafupa.

Malinga Virchow kusiyanitsa mitundu iwiri ya zotupa: geteroplasticheskie (anapangidwa kuchokera minofu connective), hyperplastic (anapanga ku fupa). Gulu loyamba zikuphatikizapo osteophytes - zigawo zazing'ono pa fupa. Ngati iwo kutenga circumference lonse la fupa, iwo amatchedwa hyperostosis. Ngati mafupa ndi inakhazikitsa mu mawonekedwe a zotupa danga wochepa, exostosis, ngati uli mkati fupa - enostosis.

Matenda zizindikiro osteoma

Osteomas, akutulukira padziko lamkati la fupa mazunzo, limodzi ndi mutu pafupipafupi, khunyu, matenda kukumbukira, zizindikiro za kuthamanga intracranial. Ngati chotupa pa isanafalikire mu "sella" angasonyeze m'thupi vutoli. Pamene isanafalikire mu malo sinuses kupangika diplopia, exophthalmos, ptosis, anisocoria, utachepa masomphenya, etc.

Nthawi zambiri osteoma isanafalikire mu akunja (lateral) padziko fupa. Osteomas, isanafalikire kunja kwa mbale chigaza fupa, anawonetseredwa mu mawonekedwe a maphunziro wandiweyani, sabweretsa chisoni ndi lenileni. Matendawa ali Atafufuza matenda ndi radiological. Pamene extracranial chotupa kukula anawawidwa kupuma, kununkhiza, nthawi zina olumala mafupa nkhope.

Koma zambiri kufalitsa intracranial osteoma. zotupa amenewa akuwononga kumbuyo khoma la m'njira za m'mphuno mazunzo; kuchititsa psinjika wa chinthu ubongo. Ngati ndi ndondomeko kugwirizana matenda izi pathological kukhala arachnoiditis, ubongo abscess, meninjaitisi. Kusiyanitsa matenda kuchokera osteosarcoma ndi osteomyelitis. Neoplasms opaleshoni yochotsa.