Umunthu dongosolo mu Sociology

Pa vuto la kapangidwe ka umunthu mu Chaanthu palibe njira imodzi. Kapangidwe ka umunthu mu Chaanthu - mmodzi wa m'magazini wolongolola. kuganizira ake amasiyana kusiyana mokwanira lalikulu.

Pali 3.Freyda lingaliro, chimene kapangidwe ka umunthu mu Chaanthu tichipeza zinthu zitatu zikuluzikulu - izi ndi izo (ID), Ine (cholinga), ndi superego (superego). Ndi chikumbumtima, mmene aziyankhula achibadwidwe. Zimalimbikitsa zofuna awiri: ofuna libido. Ine - ndi mchitidwe manyazi, amene olumikizidwa kwa chikomokere, chifukwa "" nthawi inayambika. Super-cholinga ndi m'Chibama kwa akuluakulu mkati limene limapangidwa akaphatikiza malangizo abwino ndi malangizo. Ubongo kumatsutsana ndi achibadwidwe chikomokere ozama mu izo, ndi pa dzanja zina - ndi zoletsa malinga ndi superego lapansi. Maonekedwe a nkhondo ndi mkhalapakati ndi sublimation (kusamutsidwa).

malingaliro ena nthawi Freud ndi ankatengedwa sayansi zolakwika. Koma ndi khalidwe dongosolo awo Chaanthu anayamba kuoneka ngati m'zigawozigawo, ndi khalidwe la munthu anaona nkhondo mfundo za chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe.

Modern Russian olemba umunthu dongosolo mu Chaanthu kuoneka ngati kuphatikiza zigawo zitatu: kukumbukira ntchito chikhalidwe. Memory zikuphatikizapo mudziwe ntchito ndi chidziwitso, chikhalidwe - mfundo ndi malamulo chikhalidwe, ntchito - kuzindikira zosowa, zofuna, munthu chidwi.

Zinthu zokhudza umunthu mu Chaanthu kumaonekera chikhalidwe ndi mosemphanitsa. Mu dongosolo la umunthu akugwirizanira formations chikhalidwe ano chikhalidwe. Mavuto, pamene wathuyo chapamwamba wosanjikiza chikhalidwe, wosanjikiza m'munsi zikhoza adamulowetsa ndi ochiritsira yokha. Izi zimachitika pansi zikhalidwe za kuswa malamulo ndi makhalidwe abwino ndiponso maganizo. Characteristically ngati layering Kuchotsa strata chikhalidwe ndi matenda ena okhudza ubongo.

M'kupita kwa kusanthula dongosolo la umunthu ndi chosatheka sayenera ubale wa mfundo munthu ndi chikhalidwe. Munthu aliyense ndi wapadera ndi wapadera. Komano, munthu ndi munthu chikhalidwe, gulu, ndi chibadidwe collectivism.

Mpaka tsopano palibe mgwirizano pakati pa asayansi funso, ndi munthu wa individualist kapena collectivist m'chilengedwe. Othandiza maudindo onse kwambiri. Kuthetsa nkhani iyi si tanthauzo ongolankhula. Izo zimatengera izo mu mchitidwe wa maphunziro. Mu Soviet Union kwa zaka zambiri anakweza collectivism monga mbali imodzi yofunika kwambiri katundu wa munthu. Mu West, pa nthawi iyi mtengo pa anthu azikhala. Monga mmene kumapeto, palibe njira mu maonekedwe ake angwiro si zogwirizana.

Umunthu chiphunzitso mu Chaanthu lolunjika pa kafukufuku wa ubale wa chitukuko ndi mapangidwe umenewu ndi kugwira ntchito m'madera chikhalidwe kulumikiza munthu ndi anthu, magulu payekha. Mfundo odziwika bwino chiphunzitso umunthu mu Chaanthu ndi galasi "Ine", chiphunzitso psychoanalytic, ntchito chiphunzitso cha umunthu ndi chiphunzitso Marxist.

Chiphunzitso cha galasi "Ine" ali yapangidwa ndi Dzh.Midom Ch.Kuli. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso ichi munthu ndi chithunzithunzi cha mmene anthu ena. Iwo amasonyeza akamanena za chikumbumtima anthu.

chiphunzitso Psychoanalytic anatsogolera Freud chimanena Kuwulura zotsutsana za dziko munthu wamkati, mbali maganizo a anthu komanso kulankhulana.

Ntchito chiphunzitso anali linachokera T.Parsonsonom, R.Mintonom ndi Robert Merton. Malinga ndi iye khalidwe chikhalidwe anafotokozedwa ndi mfundo zofunikira ziwiri: "udindo chikhalidwe" ndi "chuma chawo". Momwe limatanthauza malo munthu mu dongosolo chikhalidwe. Udindo - ndi zochita kuti anthu achite, ndilo khalidwe la udindo wina.

chiphunzitso Marxist amaona munthu monga munthu mankhwala chitukuko anthu.