Valavu pneumothorax: Zoyambitsa, Zizindikiro, Matendawa ndi Chithandizo

Mu matenda amenewa, monga valavu pneumothorax, pleural dera la otaya mpweya, kuchuluka chimene pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezeka. Chiwonetsero cha kudwala ngati kugwirizana ndi mbali ya ntchito valavu. Ntchito izo tatha mogwirizana ndi malowedwe a mpweya m'mapapo ndi pleura ndi chosatheka kayendedwe ake iwowo. Chifukwa cha ichi, m'dera pachifuwa kuchititsa ululu, chifukwa pali kuchepa kwambiri voliyumu ya m'mapapo ndi ndondomeko ya inhalation kovuta.

Chikhalidwe chotere pathological wakhala kudziwika kwa nthawi yaitali kwambiri, ndipo anagwirizana chikuoneka ndi zotsatira za TB m'mapapo mwanga. Koma ndi posachedwapa, chinapezeka kuti matenda amapezeka mwadzidzidzi. kudwala izi amawapeza pafupipafupi ngati mavuto kupuma kugwirizana ndi chotupa la zidindo zadothi.

mitundu

Pneumothorax valavu ndi mkati ndi kunja, ndipo izo zimatengera limagwirira mapangidwe. Internal view wa pneumothorax kumachitika chifukwa kuwonongeka kwa bronchi lalikulu ndi kukhalapo kwa mabala patchwork kuwala. Pleural M'mimbamo ladzala ndi mpweya kudzera chilema mu pleura choipidwa. Pankhaniyi amachita monga valavu khumudwitsidwa m'mapapo minofu imene mpweya inspiratory chitadutsa, ndipo alibe kutulutsa kuchoka mpweya ku phapo.

Maonekedwe akunja a pneumothorax amakhala ndi chakuti ntchito ya vavu mu nkhani iyi ndi zofewa kuvulala minofu ya pachifuwa. Inhalation chilonda m'mbali kuyamba patsogolo, mpweya momasuka kudutsa mu M'mimbamo pleural pamene mpweya ndi kuchepa ndi amapezeka bala mabowo popanda kulola izo mmbuyo.

Zimayambitsa matenda

Valavu pneumothorax ali ndi zifukwa zosiyana yatsoka ndi. Nthawi zambiri ndi zoopsa ndi mowiriza chikhalidwe cha matenda.

Chifukwa cha chilonda (zoopsa) ndi chatsekedwa pneumothorax pachifuwa zoopsa, limodzi ndi chotupa minofu ya m'mapapo kapena pachifuwa ozama bala. Choncho pali mwachilungamo mofulumira "kulumikiza" pa chifuwa khoma kutsegula mabala, pamene bronchus bala akupitiriza gape. Mtundu wa choipa monga:

• nthiti fractures;
• gunshot ndi mpeni mabala ndi chifuwa;
• kuwonongeka bronchus kapena kum'mero thupi yachilendo;
• kugwa kuchokera kumwamba ndi;
• mipata bronchi ndi T. d.

Mowiriza pneumothorax amakhala ndi chotupa wa gawo kusinthidwa kwa minofu ya m'mapapo. Zimathandiza kuti chitukuko cha kudwala ichi cha matenda otsatirawa:

• chifuwa chachikulu;
• bullous ndiko kumayambitsa ya m'mapapo;
• enaake fibrosis;
• m'mapapo abscess ;
• pneumoconiosis neri Al.

Zimene zingapangitse kuti chitukuko cha pneumothorax mowiriza ndi kutsokomola, pamadzi, nkhawa thupi, ndi zina zotero. D.

zizindikiro

Mwachibadwa, pamene valavu pneumothorax wodwala ali mwakayakaya. Zimakhala poona, pali ululu kutchulidwa mu chifuwa, anakafika ku tsamba phewa, mapewa ndi pamimba. Ayamba patsogolo mofulumira kufupika kwa mpweya, kufooka, cyanosis, pali imfa ya chikumbumtima, kuwonjezera mipata intercostal, lakamba zambiri pa mbali akhudzidwa a chifuwa. Palpitations kufupika kwa mpweya, hypotension, tachycardia - komanso ndi zizindikiro za valvular pneumothorax.

Mpweya mofulumira wambirimbiri mu M'mimbamo pleural zingachititse mtima kapena m'mapapo mwanga insufficiency, chifukwa mu imfa kumachitika. Ndi mavuto mochedwa matenda monga empyema pleural effusion ndi zotakasika.

diagnostics

Doctor ndi Kupenda mtima limasonyeza subcutaneous ndiko kumayambitsa ndi backlog pa kupuma pa mbali akhudzidwa a chifuwa, flattening malo intercostal. Kugwiritsa X-ray kuwala wapezeka atelectasis ndi kuchepetsa mmbali wathanzi cha mthunzi mediastinum.

Pleural puncture ndi manometer amalola kusiyanitsa ndi aliyense lotseguka zina, anatseka ndi valavu pneumothorax. Ngati madzi alipo, ndi kukhumba ikuchitika mudziwe zambiri ndi pleural effusion pa zikuchokera ndi ma ndi microflora. Kudziwa malo ndi kukula kwa fistula pleural, kuchititsa matenda thoracoscopy ndi plevroskopiyu.

chithandizo

Mankhwalawa loyamba pneumothorax valvular ayenera umalimbana decompression wa mediastinum m'mapapo ndi kuchita izo mwamsanga. Kuchita izi kumaliseche transthoracic puncture kapena thoracostomy ndi lamulo imposition a chabe ngalande Byulau. Pokhapokha mtima mwai amenewa kusamutsidwa kwa kuchipatala kukalandira chithandizo zina.

Ziziyenda mkhalidwe wa mtima, ndi kutumikiridwa sanali chomwa mankhwalawa ndi chomwa mankhwalawa analgesics, mankhwala a mtima, mankhwala, antitussives.

Nkofunika kusuntha vavu kwa pneumothorax chatsekedwa. Kuti muchite izi muyenera zonse kukhetsa M'mimbamo pleural. Ngati otaya mpweya mabasi kuti ngalande, amasonyeza chisindikizo patsekeke. Ngalande amachotsa masiku awiri pambuyo kudzifutukula chonse phapo, Mukapeza radiographically.

Ngati kuwala sangathe kufalikira, mankhwala opaleshoni ya pneumothorax. Kuwononga thorax amafuna suturing mabala ndi thoracotomy. Ngati pali chiopsezo kukonzanso maphunziro a mowiriza vavu pneumothorax, ndiye ntchito mankhwala opaleshoni ya matenda chachikulu. Malinga kudwala amagwira segmentectomy, bilobektomiyu, mmphepete m'mapapo resection, lobectomy, pleurectomy, pleurodesis, zikunena ena.

thandizo Emergency ku matenda

Pali zinthu kuti wodwalayo kungafune thandizo mwachangu mu vavu pneumothorax. Kupulumutsa moyo wake, muyenera:

• Amachepetsa munthu;
• kum'patsa kupeza mpweya wabwino;
• Pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga.

thandizo ndi puncture nkhungu singano pachifuwa khoma. Chifukwa izi n'zotheka msanga kuchepetsa kuthamanga mu pleura lapansi.

Kupewa ndi madokotala ananena zawo

Vuto la valvular pneumothorax ndi mantha m'mapapo matenda pneumoempyema, cardio-m'mapapo mwanga insufficiency. Nthawi kupereka thandizo kuchipatala kuthandiza kukwaniritsa kuchira.

kupewa matenda umalimbana popewa ngozi. Komanso, pa chizolowezi anayendera pulmonologist, TB ndi thoracic dokotala kudziwa odwala kudwala m'mapapo mwanga.

Pomaliza

Choncho, valavu pneumothorax imatengedwa matenda oopsa kwambiri imene mochedwa thandizo limeneli limadzetsa imfa. Choncho, odwala ndi kudwala ayenera nthawi zonse dokotala, ndipo mwamsanga.