Viskomufta: ndi chiani, ntchito, cholinga

M'zaka zaposachedwa, kutchuka kwambiri kukupeza crossovers, kapena otchedwa parkets. Magalimoto awa amasiyana ndi ma SUV awa osati chifukwa cha kusowa kwa chithunzi chowongolera (ntchitoyi imagwira ndi thupi), komanso ndi "osakhulupirika" magalimoto onse ogwiritsira ntchito magetsi. Ndipo zimagwirizanitsa mothandizidwa. Kuti mugwirizane ndi ma axles awiri, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwapadera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kodi chiganizo ichi ndi chiyani, osati wamoto aliyense amadziwa. M'nkhani yamakono tidzakambirana njirayi mwatsatanetsatane.

Nkhani

Kodi kukuphatikizana kwabwino ndi kotani? Kodi njirayi ndi yotani? Kuphatikizana kwapadera ndi chipangizo chothandizira kutulutsa mkaka mwachisawawa. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kugwirizana kwa ngodya yachiwiri ya galimotoyo kumapangidwa mwa kusintha kusakanikirana kwa madzi omwe akudzaza mkati mwa kabati iyi.

Ndi mtundu wanji wa madzi

Ili pamtanda wotsekedwa wa chipangizo chotchedwa coupcous coupling. Ndi chiyani? Mkati mwajambulira ndi dilatant yamadzi, omwe amapangidwa ndi silicone. Ali ndizipadera zapadera. M'nyengo yamtendere, ndi madzi. Koma mamolekyu akangosakanikirana, amasintha kukula kwake. Madzi otentha amatsanuliridwa mu moyo wonse wa mawonekedwe.

Chipangizo ndi ndondomeko ya ntchito

Chojambulira cha viscous chimagwira ntchito pamtundu wotembenuza, yomwe imangotumiza. Pazochitika zonsezi, mphukira imafalitsidwa ndi madzi. Komabe, kugwirizanitsa ndi kosiyana kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa torque. Ndilo losindikizidwa. M'kati mwawo mumasuntha otsogolera ndi othandizira (zitsulo ziwiri). Pamene magetsi a magudumu amasinthasintha synchronously, zolembedwamo mkati ziri mu madzi. Kamodzi kokha kamodzi katsika kameneka, kamphindi kamodzi kake kamasunthira ku chimzake. Madzi amasakanikirana ndi kukhala olimba. Choncho, kusintha kwa torque kupita ku axis kumayambiranso. Magalimoto atangogonjetsa chovuta, kusanganikirana kumasiya. Mphunziyo imapitsidwanso kachiwiri.

Koma ichi si chida chimodzi cha chipangizo chogwirizanitsa. Zitsulo zina zimatsogolera komanso zimayendetsa magetsi m'malo mwa makina (onani chithunzi m'munsimu). Iwo amagwira ntchito mofanana. Mkati, naponso, madzi otentha amatsanulira. Pamene shafts ikuzungulira mofulumira, imasakanikirana ndipo imakhala yochulukira (motero imakula). Choncho, mphutsiyo imatha, ndipo magudumu onse (kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo) amasinthasintha chimodzimodzi. Chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa madzi, magalimoto oponderezedwa ndi oyendetsa galimoto akulimbikitsana. Monga mukuonera, makinawo ndi osavuta. Cholingacho chimakhala nthawi yaitali, choncho kukonza mawonekedwe kungakhale kofunika posachedwa.

Kodi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti?

Pali zigawo ziwiri zazikulu, kumene kugwiritsidwa ntchito kosavuta kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kodi malowa ndi otani? Pansipa tiwone:

• Kusintha kwa dongosolo. Kuphatikizana kwa viscous kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pozizira kwa radiator. Njirayi imakwera pa ndodo ndipo imathamangitsidwa kuchoka pamphepete mwa galasi pogwiritsa ntchito galimoto yoyendetsa. Fani yamatsitsi yambiri imakwera pamwamba pa gawolo. Zimagwira bwanji ntchito? Mphamvu ya pulley ikasinthasintha, mofulumira madziwo amalowa mu kabati. Choncho, pamapakati komanso m'mwamba, injini yozizira imakakamizika kuti ikhale yozizira. Ndi dontho lachiwombankhanga, nthumwi ya kutentha imangozizira mwachibadwa. Wopanikiza amasiya kugwira ntchito. Tsopano njira iyi yozizira sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuphatikizana kwa mavotolo kunalowetsedwa ndi mafilimu amagetsi. Zimayendetsedwa ndi injini kutentha sensor. Chipangizocho sichiri chogwirizanitsidwa ndi galasi la injini ndipo chimapitanso patsogolo kwambiri.
• Kugwirizanitsa magalimoto onse. Ndipo ngati panthawi yoyamba vuto likhoza kuthetsedwa ndi zamagetsi, ndiye n'kosatheka kutumiza mkombero kumalo ena achiwiri motere. Choncho, mbali yayikulu yogwiritsira ntchito kujambulana kwazithunzi ndizolakwitsa.

Ubwino

Kodi ubwino wa njirayi ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tione ena a iwo:

• Zosavuta kupanga. Chipangizocho chimakhala ndi madzi ndi timagetsi awiri (kapena disks), mwamphamvu kutsekedwa mu thupi.
• Mphamvu. Nyumba zogwirizanitsa zimatha kupirira zovuta zoposa 20 atmospheres. Choncho musamawope kuti nthawi zina madzi amachoka kunja.
• Chizoloŵezi. Zingagwire ntchito pamsewu wonyansa, komanso pa asphalt (mwachitsanzo, ngati mutayambira). Sichifuna kukhalapo kwa magetsi. Galimotoyo imagwirizanitsidwa ndipo imasulidwa pang'onopang'ono.

Kuipa

Ngakhale zili zofunikira kwambiri, ndi bwino kudziŵa kuipa kwa kulumikizana kwa viscous:

• Kusungika kochepa. Mukalephera, mankhwala onse opatsirana amalowetsedwa ndi atsopano. Mtengo wa tsatanetsatane woterewu ndi waukulu kwambiri. Kukonzekera kosasokonezeka sikuchitika.
• Kuyenda bwino kwa magalimoto onse. Mawilo onsewo adzasinthasintha mofulumira chimodzimodzi pokhapokha ngati galimotoyo ili pafupi kwambiri. Sitikukayikira kuti palibenso chingwe cholimba.
• Simungathe kuyanjana. Mwachitsanzo, muyenera kuwoloka mpanda. Kuti muchite izi, ndizofunikira kukhala ndi magalimoto onse osatha. Komabe, kulumikizana kwa viscous sikudzakulolani kuchita izi. Magudumu adzasinthira kwathunthu mutatha zabuksuete.
• Kutsika kwa ulendo wokwera. Thupi la makinawa ndi lalikulu kwambiri, lomwe limakayikira zikhalidwe za mtanda wa crossover.
• Kutsika kochepa kutentha kwambiri. Chipangizocho sichitha kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali mu magalimoto onse omwe amayendetsa magetsi (zomwe zimasintha kusintha kwa madzi, kusakanikirana kosavuta kutuluka). Apo ayi izo zilephera. Choncho, simuyenera kutaya msewu kwa nthawi yaitali.

Kutaya maulendo a UAZ

Tiyeni tione momwe tingatengere gawo ili pamodzi ndi fanasi, mwachitsanzo, magalimoto a Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant. Kotero, mosavuta, muyenera kuchotsa radiator ndi chivundikiro cha (fanasi). Kenaka, pogwiritsa ntchito fungulo pa 12, zibolilo ziwiri zotulutsa pulley zimamasulidwa. Zindikirani: mtedza wochulukirapo wa viscous uli ndi ulusi wamanja. Kotero, izo ziyenera kutembenuzidwa mofanana, ndi mosiyana. Pambuyo pake, mtengowu umasulidwa ndi fungulo pa 32. Gwirani pulley yopangamirapo kuchoka pamutu. Ngati mtedza ukuyenda movutikira, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito nyundo. Gwiritsani ntchito majeremusi mosamala ku fungulo motsatira njira yosokoneza. Kenaka kujambulana kumachotsedwa bwino pampopu. Mipukutu 4 yokonza mphepo yamoto imapotozedwa ndi makiyi 13 . Timapeza njirayi ndikuyika yatsopano. Sungani chinthucho mu dongosolo lotsatira. Nkhonozi zimayambira pamalo pomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nsapato zoonda. Kenaka ikani kujambula, kupotoza "ndi dzanja" mtedza wokwera. Sikofunika kuti muzitsulola bult pa kujambulitsa. Zimadzimangirira pamene injini ikuyamba.

Kotero, ife tapeza chomwe viskomufta chiri.