Wambiri ya V. M. Garshina - mwini nkhani maganizo

Creation Vsevoloda Mihaylovicha Garshina bwinobwino kuikidwa pa ndime ndi ntchito za ambuye chachikulu cha Russian maganizo prose - Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Turgenev, Chekhov. Kalanga, wolemba sanapatsidwe moyo wautali, yonena V. M. Garshina akuswa pa fanizo la 33. Wolemba anabadwa mu February 1855 ndipo anamwalira mu March 1888. Imfa yake inali oopsa ndiponso oopsa, maganizo onse, anafotokoza mwachidule ndipo kubaya nkhani. Bwinobwino kumverera kwa n'chosathaŵika zoipa za m'dzikoli, wolemba walenga kuya chodabwitsa maganizo zojambula ntchito anapulumuka mtima ndi m'maganizo ndi sanathenso kudziteteza ku disharmony wokhala umene uli mu komanso moyo makhalidwe a anthu. Chibadwa, mtundu wa khalidwe, anakumana sewero mwana, ankatha mlandu munthu ndi udindo chisalungamo cha zinthu zikuchitika weniweni - ali mwachidule misala onse, poti, kudziponyera yekha mu ndege masitepe, iye akudziika V. M. Garshin.

Mwachidule yonena za wolemba. zokumana Ana

Iye anabadwa mu Ukraine, m'chigawo Ekaterinoslav, mu malo ndi wokoma uja wotchedwa okoma Valley. Bambo wa wolemba tsogolo anali nduna, membala wa Crimea nkhondo. Amayi osiyana maganizo mwapang'onopang'ono, ankalankhula zinenero zambiri, werengani kwambiri ndipo, ndithudi, anatha kutsimikizira mwana wake nihilistic maganizo achilendo kwa zaka zao za sikisite cha m'ma 19. Mkazi molimba mtima anathyola ndi banja, kutifotokozera adatengedwa ndi chosintha Zavadsky, amene ankakhala pakhomo pa Ufulu wa namkungwi ana okulirapo. Kumene, chochitika ndi "mpeni" analasidwa mtima pang'ono zisanu Vsevolod. Mwina chifukwa cha ichi, si wopanda wachisoni mitundu yonena za V. M. Garshina. Amayi nkhondo ndi bambo ake lamanja kulera mwana wake n'kupita naye St. Petersburg ndipo anatsimikiza ochitira masewera a. zaka khumi Garshin analowa Institute migodi, koma sanalandire dipuloma chifukwa kunatuluka mawu Chirasha Turkey nkhondo 1877.

Zinachitikira nkhondo

Wophunzira pa tsiku loyamba ndi m'gulu limodzi nkhondo yoyamba molimba mtima kumugwetsera kuukira, wolemera ndiyotani atamangika. Garshin analandira udindo wa kapitawo, koma nkhondo ndi sanabwerere. N'zaka mnyamata anadabwa zithunzi za nkhondo, sakanatha kuvomereza mfundo yakuti anthu mwakhungu ndi chifundo kuononga mzake. Iye sanabwerere ndi anayambitsa, komwe anayamba kuphunzira migodi: Mnyamata mwamphamvu anakopeka mabuku ake. Kwa kanthawi anakapezeka mongodzipereka nkhani pa philological mkhalidwe wa St. Petersburg University, kenako anayamba kulemba nkhani. Anti-nkhondo amaganiza ndi ikuwombedwa mantha zinachititsa mankhwala kuti yomweyo anapanga wolemba wamng'ono wotchuka ndi zofunika mu Mabaibulo ambiri a nthawi.

kudzipha

Mental matenda wolemba anayamba mu kufanana ntchito yake ndi zinthu zosangalatsa. Iye woyesedwa kuchipatala cha anthu amisala. Koma atangochoka kuti (V. M. Garshina yonena akutchula zimene zinachitika pa owala) moyo wake illumined mwa chikondi. Ukwati ndi novice dokotala Hope Zolotilova wolemba ankamuona ngati zaka zofunika kwambiri za moyo wake. Ndi 1887, matenda wolemba kukula chifukwa chakuti iye anauzidwa kuti achoke utumiki. Mu March 1888 Garshin kupita Caucasus. Kale zinthu ndi yomwe inakonzedwa amadzaza. Pambuyo akundizunza tulo Vsevolod Mikhailovich usiku mwadzidzidzi iye anachokera kumtunda ankafika, pansi ndege munsili, kuchokera kumwamba ndi nkhani zinayi nathamanga. Zithunzi zolembalemba kudzipha kuti watentha moyo wa nkhani yake lalifupi, zili zoopsa ndiponso mpaka kalekale. Wolemba anamutengera kuchipatala anavulala kwambiri, ndipo anafa masiku sikisi. Zindikirani a V. M. Garshine za imfa yake yoopsya, wapanga zipolowe kwambiri.

Kukatsanzikana wolemba pa "catwalk Literatorskie" Volkov manda ku St. Petersburg (tsopano kowonera zakale-necropolis) anasonkhanitsa anthu osiyanasiyana komanso magulu a anthu. Pleshcheev ndakatulo analemba mbiri yamoyo m'nyimbo imene iye anasonyeza kupweteka kwambiri kuti Garshina - munthu wa moyo chachikulu choyera - salinso pakati pa amoyo. Cholowa mabuku a prose kukhala owerenga nkhawa ndi moyo amachita nkhani ya maphunziro philology.

Zilandiridwenso V. M. Garshina. mutu Antimilitaristic

A chidwi lamkati la munthu, atazungulira zenizeni opanda chifundo - ndi nkhani yaikulu mu zolemba Garshina. Izi ndi chithumwa mtima ndi chifundo cha prose wa mwini, ndithudi, akudyetsedwa ku gwero la mabuku kwambiri Russian, lomwe kuyambira nthawi ya buku la "The Life of Avvakum" atsimikiza chidwi kwambiri mu "dialectic wa moyo."

Garshin wongonena kwa nthawi yoyamba anakaonekera ankawerenga ndi mankhwala "masiku anayi." Choncho ambiri anagona amuna ndi miyendo wosweka munda wa nkhondo, mpaka anapeza asilikali anzathu. The nkhani ikunenedwa mu munthu woyamba, ndipo anati mtsinje wa chikumbu anthu atatopa ndi ululu, njala, mantha ndi kusungulumwa. Amamva kubuula, koma amadziwa mantha kuti iye moans. Near mtembo linakwiriridwa mdani ophedwa iye. Kuyang'ana pa chithunzi ichi, ngwazi ndi nthumanzi nkhope, amene anaphwanya khungu, baring akumwetulira wowopsa Chibade - nkhope ya nkhondo! Mofananamo, makani odana ndi nkhondo kupuma nkhani zina: "eti," "Batman ndi msilikali," "Out kukumbukira wamba Ivanov Mulungu."

Ludzu chiyanjano

Ndi Olemba changu amawonekera owerenga ndi heroine kwa nkhaniyi, "zinachitika," kukhala moyo ndi thupi lanu. Nkhani alembedwera chimodzimodzi mwanjira kuvomereza, opanda chifundo kudzipenda khalidwe Garshin. Mkazi, amene anakumana "thandizo" munthu mosadziwa kumuyika iye pa njira ya kusankha pakati pa "cheeky rouged cocotte" ndi "mkazi malamulo ndi mayi wa munthu wolemekezeka ...", kuyesa kusintha tsogolo lawo. Chotero kumvetsa hule mutu mabuku Russian kwa zaka za m'ma 19 chikupezeka, mwina nthawi yoyamba. Mu nkhani "ojambula" Garshin mwakhama ophatikizidwa lingaliro la Gogol, woyera amene ankakhulupirira kuti mantha mumtima, mogometsa angathe kusintha kwa bwino. Mu yochepa nkhani "Msonkhano" wolemba amasonyeza chikhulupiriro mmene amakayikira kuti tikwaniritse umoyo wa onse zabwino, umtenga maganizo a zooneka ngati zabwino ya Gen.

Chimwemwe - akuchita nsembe

Nkhani ya "duwa lofiira" - chochitika chapadera, imene ikusonyezedwa ndi yonena za kulenga ya V. M. Garshina. Iye akuwauza nkhani ya wamisala ndi kukhulupirira kuti "wamagazi" mu chipatala maluwa munda pamodzi ndi chinyengo chonse ndi nkhanza za mdziko ndi cholinga cha ngwazi ndi kuwononga. Kuchita kuchita chinthu, ngwazi umafa, ndipo akufa posvetlevshee wake nkhope ndi "chimwemwe onyada." Malinga ndi wolemba, munthu sangathe kugonjetsa choipa dziko, koma ndi mwayi waukulu kwa anthu amene akulephera nazo ndipo ndinu wofunitsitsa kuthetsa kupereka moyo wawo.

Onse ntchito Vsevoloda Garshina - essays ndi nkhani yochepa - anaimiridwa pa yekha, koma mantha kuti prose wake lopangidwa mu mitima owerenga woganiza, amazipanga lalikulu.