Chaka Foundation a Vladimir ndi chaka kutchula koyamba

Pali mizinda ingapo mu dziko lathu, mbiri ya amene amayambitsa mikangano kwambiri monga Vladimir pa-Klyazma. Chaka Foundation a Vladimir - phunziro la mtsutso sayansi zikuchitika kwazaka mazana aŵiri. Ndipo si analengeza mpaka tsopano zotsatira za zokambirana yaitali motero. Ndipo lero, woyamba chaka Vladimir ndi mfundo moot.

chachikulu awiri Mabaibulo

Anavomerezedwa kuwerengera zaka za mizinda ya Russia wakale kutchula koyamba za iwo mu mbiri ya. Koma ndife chidwi ubale wa mzinda, mfundo zimenezi sizingatheke ntchito, chifukwa pali ena zosokonezeka. Chaka maziko ndipo chitchulireni m'mbiri ya Vladimir anasonyeza mosiyana. mzinda uno, pa mmodzi wa iwo ( "Bukhu la KUSIYANA," Vladimir mbiri Nikon Kuuka, Sofia Choyamba Chronicle, ndi ena.), inamangidwa Vladimirom Svyatoslavichem kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 10.

Malinga ndi zina, chaka maziko m'mbiri ya Vladimir (Lviv, ndi Novgorod Choyamba) - Mphindi 1108 kapena pa nthawi imeneyi. mzinda linakhazikitsidwa, malinga ndi mfundo yachiwiri view, ndi Vladimirom Monomahom, Kalonga wa Pereyaslavl.

Malinga ndi zimene m'mbiri ya asayansi kuganizira odalirika kwambiri, iwo atapereka ndi zifukwa maganizo osiyana okhudza chibwenzi. Chaka Foundation a Vladimir ndi chaka kutchula koyamba za izo chidwi ambiri mbiri yakale lero.

Maganizo Tatishchev ndi Karamzin

Mwachitsanzo, VN Tatishchev anasonyeza wina kukaikira kaye za mfundo choyambirira maganizo. Iye ankakhulupirira kuti mu 90 ntchentche za m'ma 10 mu mbiri zikutanthauza thandizo Vladimira Volynskogo, m'malo Vladimir pa-Klyazma. Wasayansi watsimikizira kufika Popeza kuti mpaka nthawi Yuriya Dolgorukogo Vladimir Zaleski sanatchulidwepo kulikonse. NM Karamzin komanso zimachitika maziko a mzinda ndi chiyambi cha m'ma 12.

Iwo ankakhulupirira Fedotov, Bunin ndi Voronin?

Akachenjede pa nthawi amaimirira maudindo Karamzin ndi Tatishchev. Iwo anayesera kulimbikitsa mfundo ya mtsutso wa latsopano limene woyamba chaka Vladimir - Mphindi 1108 (kapena kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 12). Suzdal ndi Rostov, Fedotov ananenera, onyada kuti mzinda wa iwo ali aakulu kuposa Vladimir. Kubwereza mfundo Tatishcheva kuti mzinda uno sanatchulidwe Mbiri mogwirizana ndi nkhondo ndi Oleg Mstislav kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 11, AI Bunin anawonjezera kuti Mstislav pambuyo anamasulidwa anapsa Suzdal, anaganiza muyaya. Ndipo ngati pa nthawi imeneyo munali kale Vladimir, zingakhale yabwino kwambiri kukhala.

maphunziro angapo Voronin NN Limanenanso za kufunsa kuti chaka kulemba Vladimir tiyenera kuziganizira chomveka. Asayansi ku 30-40-ntchentche anatsimikiza kutha kwa zaka za m'ma 11. Kenako, pa maziko a Lviv ndi Choyamba Novgorod Chronicle, anaganiza kuti chaka cha maziko a mzinda wa Vladimir - 1108 TH. Komabe, pali maganizo ena.

Maganizo Kosatkina ndi Iosaf

Insufficiently mokwanira ndipo lili patalipatali monga zonena za anthu amene amakhulupirira kuti chaka cha mzinda Vladimir maziko ndi kale. Kosatkin ndi Iosaf anasonyeza makalata, wotchuka kwa Nikon Chronicle, Andreya Bogolyubskogo Luca Hrizovergom, Byzantine mabishopu. Akutchula kuti mzinda linakhazikitsidwa ndi Vladimir Svyatoslavich. Komabe, alembi amenewa kudzudzulidwa chakuti yonena makalata sikuti zatsimikiziridwa.

Nkhani ya ndalama m'manda

Chaka Foundation a Vladimir ndi chaka kutchula koyamba za linalinso chidwi Tikhonravov. Mukhoza sinditchula mfundo zogwira mtima zimene asayansi kuyesa kuonetsa ina tsiku akupeza pafupi ndi chuma cha ndalama a 7-10 zaka TH.

Otsutsa ankanena kuti ndalama akhoza m'manda zaka mazana ambiri kuchokera analowa kufalitsidwa. Komabe, mwina ndi theoretically yekha, koma pafupifupi chodziwikiratu. N'zovuta kulingalira kuti kwambiri ndalama 7-10 zaka anali kwathunthu kukhazika kwa munthu osati wawonjezeredwa osati ndalama umodzi kuti inalembedwa kale nthawi pamene m'manda, pamene chuma anali kubisala. Komabe zikuoneka kuti chiopsezo Tikhonravov udindo winanso. Pa ndawala kwambiri masiku a wakale malonda Volga njira ili chuma cha ndalama. N'kutheka kuti mulibe ubale mwachindunji ndi Vladimir, ngakhale kuti munali pa zaka za m'ma 10.

Posakhalitsa anaphonya tikaonetsetsa akatswiri

Koma dziŵani, kunena mfundo za asayansi amene amakhulupirira kuti maziko a Vladimir anali mu zaka za m'ma 12, chizolowezi funso limeneli kwayekha, popanda wokhudza mavuto a zachikunja za Lazaro kumpoto kuposa itsekeke pang'ono kale chongopeka osauka gwero m'munsi. Nthawi m'malo mwa kuphunzira olembedwa timva zomangamanga, amene malinga ndi umboni umboni. Kuyambira mbiri nthawi zina zasiyidwa malo mwake akatswiriwa anapeza maziko a asayansi osiyana.

Kodi Vladimir Monomakh anakhazikitsa mzinda?

Mbiri kuti mzinda linakhazikitsidwa ndi Vladimir Svyatoslavich, NN Voronin ananena lodziwika bwino. maonekedwe awo, iye chikugwirizana ndi chilengedwe processing Mbiri Andrei Bogolyubov ankafuna kutsimikizira kunayamba kale mzinda timasamala kumapangitsanso kutchuka kwa Vladimir-Suzdal ukulu, ndi likulu, motero, wa ukulu uwu.

Kodi inu mukunena za icho? Tiyerekeze, monga mwa nzeru ochiritsira zimene chaka mzinda wa Vladimir m'munsi ndi zolondola, izo anamangidwira mu 1108. Mu mamita 1111 anabadwa Andrew Bogolyubskii, mwachitsanzo, zitatha zaka zitatu zokha kuchokera pamene mzinda linakhazikitsidwa, Vladimir Monomakh. N'zovuta kulingalira ndi zapamwamba kumuwombera kalonga kutsimikizira m'nthawi amene anaona Share Vladimir kuti anali mfundo Monomakh, ndi kuposa zaka zana zapitazo. N'zokayikitsa kuti wandale wochenjera Prince Andrew chikanathandiza kukomoka zosiyana, komanso chipongwe kwa Vladimir Monomakh, agogo ake aakulu, amene anali ndi mbiri imachita Russia.

Komabe, tinafika wotchuka "Malangizo" Vladimir Monomakh ana ndipo amafotokoza za moyo wake monga mbali ya ku Laurentian Chronicle. Adalemba pafupifupi ntchito imene yambiri ya Prince, koma pamaziko a Vladimir silikukambapo.

Mtsutso waukulu mbali ina

Tiyeni tione mkangano, ndilo chinthu chofunika kwambiri mokomera lomwe mzinda linakhazikitsidwa m'zaka za m'ma 12. Oleg Svyatoslavich anagwidwa mu 1096 Suzdal ndi Rostov, koma kukana wa asilikali a Mstislav a Novgorod posakhalitsa amakakamizidwa abwerere kwa Moore. Iye anatentha Suzdal, kwawo. Palibe zimene zanenedwa mu nkhani iyi za Vladimir, ngakhale kuti anali kugawana tsoka ake, chifukwa iye anali pa njira ya Oleg. Ndizachidziwikire kuti mzinda kulibe pa nthawi imeneyo.

Kodi tikambirana mfundo mogwira mtima?

Iwo sangathe tikambirana mfundo mfundo imeneyi. Choyamba, si koyenera kuti Oleg anafunika kutsatira mwa mzinda uno, monga Suzdal kuti Muromu anali wosapita m'mbali mwa njira ili pa magombe a pa Nerl Mtsinje. Kungakhale kupanda nzeru pa mthunzi mopupuluma kutalika izo ndi zochuluka monga khumi kutali. The typographical mbiri, ndipo kachiwiri, pali 1095 chaka uthenga wa Vladimir, kutanthauza zochitika za nthawi imeneyo. Iwo akunena kuti Oleg anatenga Vladimir, mwa mizinda ina.

Mosiyana ndi chibwenzi mochedwa mayina malo Pochayna, Lybed, Irpen. Iwo anali Kiev. Ngati mzinda linakhazikitsidwa Monomakh, kungakhale koyenera kuyembekezera maina Pereiaslav, monga kalonga uyu anali Pereyaslavl mpaka 1113, ndipo anthu amene adachokera naye, zinangokhala wa ukulu uwu. NN Voronin Komabe, anapambutsa kunena maonekedwe a maina deta ndi pakati pa zaka za m'ma 12. Komabe, izi ndi chodziwikiratu, kuyambira pa nthawi imene Andrew Bogolyubskii anali zotsutsana ndi Kiev ndi anadalira pokhazikitsa likulu pa ambuye wa Galich.

Ndipo komabe chaka maziko Vladimir ndi zolondola? Mwatsoka, lero sitingathe kuyankha funso limeneli unambiguously. Wosatsutsika mfundo imeneyi Vladimir adanyamuka kenako, si Mwachitsanzo, chakuti chikhalidwe wosanjikiza za thupi 10-11 zaka TH, sanapezedwa mu izo. Si anatsimikizira archaeologically midzi yambiri akale. Komabe, si monga umboni wa kukonzanso - kale tsiku pakuwonekera kwake. Anatinso chaka cha maziko a mzinda wa Vladimir - 1108 TH. Mu 1958 amalembedwa kubadwa kwake 850th.

Nthawi zonse mzinda linakhazikitsidwa, iye anayamba ndi nthawi kukula ndi kukula chifukwa cha chisamaliro Yuriya Dolgorukogo ndi Vladimir Monomakh. Mu 1157 Andrew anabwera kuno Bogolyubskii likulu la ufumu.