Msika ntchito ndi vuto ntchito mu Russia

Msika ntchito Russia ndi vuto ofala mu izo - mavuto zikuluzikulu ndi zosamvetsetseka msika wamakono kupanga. Udindo waukulu mu izi, ndithudi, chinthu anthu, amene amayankha bwino kulosera. Koma, kuwonjezera, msika ntchito kugwedezekagwedezeka ndi kukula ndondomeko kumawonjezera chiwerengero cha pantchito ndi chiwerengero cha anthu ntchito, zaka ikuchepa chaka chilichonse.

Msika ntchito ku Russia akukumana angapo mavuto, waukulu wa iwo:

1. Kuchepetsa chiwerengero ndi khalidwe la anthu ntchito, zomwe kumatanthauza kusintha komanso makhalidwe waukulu wa anthu ogwira ntchito sotsilano = -demrograficheskom dongosolo.
2. Labor msika ndi ntchito mavuto amene inextricably zogwirizana ndi mzake.

Chiwerengero chuma yogwira Russia ukufanizidwa mu alionse a zaka 16 ndi 55 - akazi ndi zaka 60 - kwa anthu; awa ndi anthu omwe ntchito kwa malipiro ena, amalonda munthu ndi anthu ena wodziimira, etc. Mu Russia, anthu zachuma yogwira pachikhalidwe Udindo komanso ophunzira ndi asilikali.

nzika ntchito akhoza chinkhoswe mu zonse ndi ganyu. Anthu ambiri a Russia ndi ganyu: pafupifupi 90% ya okwana ogwira ntchito. Otsala gawo - nkhope ya kudzinenera owolowa manja (atolankhani, maloya) ndi amalonda payekha.

Services gawo anali mosavuta dera ntchito okhudzidwa: apamwamba kuchuluka anthu ogwira ntchito mu izo. Mu ulimi M'malo mwake, pali outflow amphamvu ntchito.

Russia akuona kufunikira kwa ogwira wamng'ono ndipo zingamuthandize. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, gulu lalikulu la anthu ntchito - ndi anthu pakati pa zaka 40 ndi 49 zaka. Koma otsika mtengo ntchito a anthu msinkhu kuyambira azaka 30 mpaka 39. Ntchito zaka anthu kokha okalamba, malinga ndi ziwerengero yomweyo zikusonyeza kuti kudwala kwa ogwira ntchito, kuchuluka nyengo chilema, yafupika makhalidwe khalidwe la ntchito ndi mphamvu ntchito kwambiri ndiponso kwa nthawi yaitali.

The Russian msika ntchito anaona zinthu paradoxical: pa dzanja limodzi, izo - trudodefitsitny dongosolo, Komano - mopitirira malire mu Volume. Mu ena zomera kudziunjikira chiwerengero kwambiri antchito, koma ziyeneretso awo nthawi zambiri si mkulu mokwanira.

msika ntchito - ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo za dongosolo msika, ndi zina bwino panopa zinthu pakati pa ogwira ntchito, boma ndi amalonda payekha. Pamene kumuuza ntchito anachita intersect zofuna za antchito ndi bwana. msika ntchito amadziwikanso yodziwika ndi mpikisano wachibale, kuyambira osati onse zigawo za msika ali ndi kufunika zinchito khalidwe la ntchito ndi wapadera ake.

Nthawi zambiri, msika ntchito lagawidwa misika kunja ndi mkati. msika kunja - kayendedwe ka ogwira pakati makampani ndi mabungwe. Internal msika - ndi kasinthasintha wa ndodo mkati makamaka kampani / gulu. Msika mkati kumapereka lingaliro la kukhalapo kwa ena "pachimake" wopangidwa mwa akatswiri kwambiri aluso nthawi zonse ntchito, ndi "periphery" (antchito ena onse). Nthawi zina, zochokera pamaso pa mugawo ili ( "pakati penipeni pa periphery") kusiyanitsa msika ntchito pulayimale ndi sekondale. Pa msika chachikulu amapereka zapamwamba ntchito zinthu bwinobwino, chilungamo chithandizo makonzedwe Kukwezeleza, khola ntchito. Mu msika sekondale "zilipo" otsika malipiro, ntchito wosakhazikika, zinthu osauka ndi otsika malipiro. Mu Russia, mpaka pang'onopang'ono kukhala yaikulu, koma kulamuliridwa sekondale msika ntchito.