Wheelsets ngolo. Zolakwa wheelsets yakumadzulo / ngolo

Kuthamanga zida sitima chikuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa zinthu kamangidwe, koma chofunika kwambiri ndi wheelset. Pali Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana chigawo, ndipo amasiyana osati kukula ndi mawonekedwe, komanso luso kupirira katundu osiyana. Mu njira zambiri, khalidwe ili ndi zoopsa kwa ntchito moyo undercarriage. Opanga poyamba kupatsa ndi mfundo za mkulu kuthekera ntchito, koma, ndithudi, izi sizitanthauza kuwonongedwa kwathunthu kwa kuwonongeka ndi malfunctions. Kaya cholinga ndi ntchito zoyendera gudumu awiriawiri magalimoto ayenera kukhala chikhalidwe ichi. Mwa njira, avale pulayimale yachibadwa - chinthu china chimene chofunika wa ndodo yake kudziwika m'madera pafupi kulephera ndi kuyendetsa zogwirizana ntchito yokonza.

Zoyambitsa zolephera

Ngakhale ntchito ya kapangidwe wangwiro ndi mkulu-mphamvu zitsulo kasakaniza wazitsulo, wamphamvu zazikulu ndi malo amodzi katundu kungachititse osati kuvala komanso mapindikidwe. Mu kwambiri atengeke zochitika ngati wheelsets katundu magalimoto, kuyambira mu sitima zidzachitika voteji ndinayamba kwa zone kukhudzana wa njanji ndi mawilo. Choncho, pofuna kuchepetsa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha amenewa njira zimachitika monga aloyi mpweya mu kufanana lalikulu. Choncho, katundu akhoza ziwonjezeke ngati adalira akhale pa malo ndi njira atagona pamapindikira - izo amalenga nkhawa zina chifukwa mphamvu centrifugal.

Sitiyenela kuganiza kuti peyala ya sitima zonyamula ndi phindu mu mawonekedwe a katundu wochepa. Mu gawo, kumene, kuopsa Pankhaniyi m'munsi, koma kulasa ndi jerks anayambitsa anapatsiranso undercarriage, umene wheelset mwakwera galimoto pamapeto pake zisathe. Dziwani, ndi zinthu zina zokhudza chikhalidwe cha magudumu. Pakati pawo, mphamvu ananyema skid Pepala tingati olamulira kucheza osafunika ndi galimoto gawo, mfundo, kuwoloka ndi zina zotero. D. Tsopano mukhoza kuphunzira zambiri za mitundu ambiri zolakwa.

Kosatayana-avale awiriawiri mawilo

magulu angapo osiyana zoti amenewa. Choyamba ndi mapangidwe kuchotsedwa yunifolomu, zomwe kukumana wheelsets ngolo ngakhale ntchito bwinobwino. Maonekedwe a chotero mapindikidwe chifukwa choona kuti mavuto amphamvu, zomwe zimabweretsa magudumu kuti falitsani kutsogolo padziko analenga ndi kukhudzana ndi njanji ndi mapadi ananyema.

Ankagawiranso subfloor m'goli. Iwo amakhala ndi maonekedwe a mabacteria mapindikidwe si kudutsa kukhudzana m'dera lonse la woyendera nthambi, koma nkhwangwa ena. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti gudumu awiriawiri magalimoto anapangidwa kuchokera yogawa m'goli katundu kudutsa aloyi misa. Kuti kumaoneka ndi maonekedwe a chodzala amenewa, makamaka pa ukwati awiriawiri okha. Ndiponso, Dziwani liwiro zozungulira. Iwo zingaoneke kunja mgwirizano wa gudumu felemu pamene unyinji wa masamba m'mbali mwa bevel lapansi.

Kuvala pamalo siketing'i

The mapindikidwe a mtundu umenewu kudzali m'dera la zoni kukhudzana. Mbali zoti ndi kuti kumachitika pamene akuyendetsa skid. Choncho, mapindikidwe wa pamalo anagubuduza amaganizira chisokonezo mu PAD ananyema. Zowoneka ngati wheelsets vuto zikuoneka ngati slider ndi - gawo ili lathyathyathya padziko zitsulo za mtundu woyera. Ngakhale kuti pa ntchito ya zonga zimenezi amayambitsa mavuto aakulu, mukhoza kupita ndi wosiyana ndi vuto.

mfundo ndi yakuti mu malo Wopanda pafupifupi nthawi zonse anati kutentha okwera omwe imafalikira mozama felemu lija. Pomaliza, anapanga otchedwa vyscherbiny entailing mtundu zenizeni mu malo chodzala. M'kupita kwa nthawi, wheelset akuyamba lotero kuyankha monyanyira aliyense "chinsalu" imene kumatanthauza maonekedwe a tokhala mu galimotoyo. Choncho, ngati zithunzi ndi wapezeka oposa 1 mm, liwiro sitima malamulo aakulu ndi ziletso. Mwa njira, ndi atengeke kwambiri mapindikidwe ngati wheelset sitima ndi katundu ngolo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mlingo wa mapangidwe Wopanda zimadalira nyengo - mwachitsanzo, mu dzinja ndi masika oyambirira kuopsa maphunziro apamwamba.

olamulira vuto

Zolakwitsa mu khosi ndi predpodstupichnyh kaŵirikaŵiri mu mawonekedwe a nkhwangwa ang'ono-kakulidwe. The zifukwa angakhale angapo. The mapindikidwe kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha osakwanira cholimba kugwirizana milandu ndipo anthu kumene yoyeretsa ya kali zitsulo ndi dzimbiri mapangidwe anali molakwa anaphedwa. Komanso wheelset chitsulo chogwira matayala kawirikawiri pansi fractures ndi ming'alu m'malo ndi mavuto apamwamba. njira izi zimachitika chifukwa maganizo ozungulira, pamaso pa malo ndi zigawo kusintha ndi mipata wa zitsulo yokha. N'zoona kuti lilibe ndi kabwerebwere kukanika akapichi insufficiently amphamvu kuphatikana ndi mtedza.

zitsulo Navar

Izi kuwonongeka thermomechanical khalidwe limene limatsutsa wheelsets ngolo atakwera pamalo. Amenewa mapindikidwe chiphasochi atathana kukameta ubweya zone zakuthupi ndi mawonekedwe U-zooneka. Kwenikweni, mtundu wa njira pulasitiki mapindikidwe. The kusintha kosangalatsa pazipita imagwera pa chigawo chapakati cha kukhudzana Mzere. Nawonso anasintha osachepera angapezeke pa m'mbali. Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka ngati ndi kufalitsa kuthamanga katundu pa malo kukhudzana.

miyeso General wa yokonza matayala

zodzitetezera kuthandiza kuwonjezera mawilo opaleshoni. Kukonza kumaphatikizapo kuchita anayendera, bwinobwino zikuonetsa kuti ntchito kukonza, ndi zina zotero. D. Ngati ife kulankhula za miyeso luso, zofunika kwambiri a iwo anatembenukira bwino kukukhala gudumu ndi wosanjikiza osachepera kuchotsa zitsulo. Number obtochek yafupika chifukwa ntchito yapadera umalimbana chikusintha kudalirika kwa gudumu awiriawiri ndi kuthetsa zofooka alipo pa galimotoyo. Makamaka, akatswiri kuyesetsa kuthetsa mphamvu zimachititsa zimachitika pa ntchito ndipo chifukwa zopindika kale anatenga. Mwachitsanzo, inathetsedwa vuto m'madera kasupe zitsulo zimene zimakhudza khalidwe la galimotoyo m'munsi.

Yokonzanso opareshoni

ntchito kukonza zimagwiridwa mu zone wapadera Machining pambuyo zigawo akhala bwinobwino kutsukidwa. Mu Dipatimenti wapadera unachitikira kusintha kwa mawilo, kutembenukira kapena kunyamula zinthu kuwotcherera. Ngati mukufuna kukonza mwa gudumu awiriawiri kuti kusintha zinthu mbiri, ntchitoyi pogwiritsa ntchito zidindo wapadera. Tikumbukenso kuti kupatuka chovomerezeka mu magawo magudumu a M'manja ndi 1 mamilimita kutalika lokwera, ndipo pa nkhope lamkati la ski ndi malo - 0.5 mm. Monga tanenera kale, magetsi kuwotcherera ntchito angagwiritsidwe ntchito kukonza. Zipangizozo ndi opareshoni kudula ulusi olamulira ndi akukumana chikatikati apertures.

Pomaliza

Pali malamulo yapadera imeneyi utoto wonongeka wheelsets, komanso njira ndi umisiri kwa Kupha kwawo ndi kupewa. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti galimotoyo amachita pa akonzedwa lonse la zinthu mawotchi katundu. Chifukwa, ntchito ndi utumiki moyo wa wheelset zimadalira osati mtundu wa zodutsa, komanso dongosolo nanyema, masika-kasupe wagawo, mode magalimoto, ndipo ngakhale ndi nyengo pa chaka.