Kamov Helicopters: onse zitsanzo. Photos ndi zofunika

The Helicopters woyamba Kamov (Ka) anavula mu lakutali 1953. April 14 Mipikisano cholinga ndege Ka-15 wakhala akuchita upainiya kwa kuŵeta, olengedwa Experimental Design Bureau (OKB) dzina Nikolay Ilyich Kamov. Bureau of mlengi wotchuka mobwerezabwereza anatsimikizira kuyenera ake kuchita komanso masikimu anasankha zothandiza. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zimasiyanitsa kuti ndi Helicopters Kamov mamangidwe amasinthira, - coaxial zomangira. Mbali imeneyi analola ntchito makina m'minda osiyana ndi malo (nkhondo, mankhwala, kupulumutsidwa, ndi kumabungwe ena ofunika).

Popeza ndege yoyamba wakhala zaka zoposa 60, ndipo "Kamov" Helicopters Makampani kukhalabe kutchuka lonse. The Russian asilikali ndege manja ndi oopsa komanso zothandiza chida angathe kuchita mishoni zovuta kwambiri nkhondo.

Ka-15

Nthawi yoyamba Kamov Helicopters yapangidwa yekha kwa apanyanja. Kwa nthawi yaitali coaxial helical yadera chizindikiro cha kamangidwe amasinthira. N'zotheka kupeza pa linanena bungwe la bwino anakwanitsa ndi vysokomanovrennye Helicopters, ndi ubwino mwangwiro akuwonetseredwa okha pa makina ochepa kukula.

Imodzi mwa mizere woyamba ndi bwino kwambiri Edo luso "Kamov" - pa Ka-15. NATO zowonjezera anapereka makina chipongwe codification a "nkhuku." Ndi izi ziwiri malo ndege Sitimayo chitsanzo oyamba conveyor ndi anamasulidwa mu magazini 354.

osiyanasiyana omwe anayamba kuyambira cha m'ma 50 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo. Project mawonekedwe ndi kapangidwe kuti afike Morflot kumayambiriro 1952. Kamov (Helicopters Mlengi) ankadziwa kuti makina chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa zida sitimayo, momwemo lachitsanzo ndi yaying'ono kwambiri ndipo ndi kuwala. Mulitali Ka-15 ndi pafupifupi nthawi poyerekeza ngakhale kusinthidwa zing'onozing'ono za Mi-1. Komanso, okonza anakwanitsa woyenera ngati makina yaing'ono kuuluka zipangizo zonse zofunikira.

mayesero asilikali zitsanzo ziwiri (osakwatira-ozungulira Mi-1 dera ndi coaxial Ka-15) pa cruiser "Mikhail Kutuzov" anasonyeza zotsatira chidwi kwambiri luso Kamov. Ngati Mi-1 ndinasintha kuponderezedwa ndege ndi sitimayo sitima chifukwa cha mchira ozungulira ndi yaitali mchira Boom, ndi Ka-15 anaulukira bwino ndi pansi pa malo aang'ono chifukwa kukula kwake ang'ono, ndi zisanu ndi mfundo zinthu nyanja.

Malinga ndi zotsatira, oyendetsa Soviet anakhala otsimikiza kuti njira ya mtundu mpweya chombo simungakhoze kuchita popanda coaxial, ndipo analibe njira Kamov Helicopters (zitsanzo zonse).

kugwirizana kubowola Navy anamaliza ndi makina OKB Kamov kuyambira 1957. Ngakhale ntchito zabwino, ndege chitsanzo anali osamveka ngati zida odana ndi sitima zapamadzi, ndipo izi nthawi pano, anali patsogolo. makina amene akanakhoza kukweza awiri okha sonar buoy (kutsatira sitima zankhondo mdani), zida kulamulira anali yodzaza mu ndege wina, ndipo wachitatu anali milandu mozama. Kachitidwe kungakhale kovuta kwambiri, kotero Morflot mu 1963 anakana Ka-15 mokomera zikuchitika latsopano yemweyo mamangidwe amasinthira.

zofunika lachitsanzo

Ndege ntchito magawo Ka-15:

• Denga - 3500 m.
• Osiyanasiyana - 278 Km.
• Zolemba malire zinakhazikitsa liwiro - 155 Km / h.
• Reserve pa zofunika kulemera - 1460 kg.
• Adalira - 1 munthu.
• Katundu - makilogalamu 300 kapena anthu 2.
• M'mimba mwake wa ozungulira chachikulu - 9,96 m.
• chimango kutalika - 6,26 m.

Ka 25

Helicopters Kamov 25 Series - ndi odana sitima makina osindikizira. chitsanzo ichi chakhala chinsinsi mapangidwe wa bungwe ndi panyanja ndege wonse. The Ka 25 anayamba kupanga chida cha kumenyana ndi sitima zankhondo za nyukiliya mdani angathe.

The zitsanzo woyamba wa mtundu uwu anakhazikitsidwa Rada ndi onse ozungulira-aone kuti atumikre asilikali bezorientirnoy pamwamba madzi. Chifukwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira zosiyanasiyana ndi wanzeru ndege Kamov 25 mndandanda atumikira zombo athu kwa zaka 30.

The ndege yoyamba ya Ka 25 zinachitika pa May 20, 1961, ndipo patapita zaka zinayi galimoto kuvala conveyor mu Ulan-Ude. Mpaka 1969 lachitsanzo anali yekhayo Mipikisano cholinga ndege kuti alibe analogues makampani zoweta ndege. Koma pambuyo okonza Soviet apereka chikuni latsopano nkhondowo ndege Mi-24 Helicopters Kamov (onani chithunzi. M'nkhani) anayamba kuwuluka mu kampani ya makina Mile.

Ndege Ka 25 anali wabwino asilikali thandizo kwa anthuwo ndipo kwathunthu wosakanikirana iwo. Mndandanda anali atakonzekera ndi Morflot wathu mpaka 1991, ndi kusinthidwa chandamale lakuti (Ka-25TS) - mpaka m'ma 90s. Total angalandire 18 mndandanda wa Kusiyana kwa zolinga zosiyana ndi malo. machitidwe onse makina (1965-1973 gg.) anasonkhana za 460 mayunitsi wa Ka 25 sayansi.

makina Features

Ndege ntchito magawo Ka 25 ndege:

• Denga - 4000 m.
• Osiyanasiyana - 650 Km.
• Zinakhazikitsa liwiro - 220 Km / h.
• Reserve pa zofunika kulemera - 7500 kg.
• Adalira - 2 anthu.
• Katundu - 1100 kg.
• Apaulendo - anthu 12.
• M'mimba mwake wa ozungulira chachikulu - 15,74 m.
• chimango kutalika - 9,75 m.
• Machine kutalika - 5,37 m.

Ka 50

Pofika kumayambiriro 80 ntchentche mu USSR lalikulu lankhondo ndege nkhondowo ntchito anali chitsanzo mlengi Mil - Mi-24. "Munthu Old" akali utumiki ndi mphamvu yathu, koma ngakhale panthawi imeneyo utsogoleri asilikali anaganiza kuti makina si kukumana ndi zosowa onse a asilikali.

Mi-24 analengedwa ndi "zouluka oyenda kumenyana magalimoto" lingaliro. Ndiko kuti, makina anali wokhoza osati akupitirizabe zochita kumenya munthu, komanso ngati n'koyenera kusamuka kwa paratroopers dipatimenti. kusinthasintha izi, ndithudi, zinakhudza makhalidwe kumenyana umisiri Mile. Komanso, nzeru Soviet kunadetsa panjira chitukuko ndi munda chiyesedwe cha chitsanzo latsopano US Air Force - kuukira ndege AH-64 "Apache".

Kulengedwa Bureau kwa mosamala zimene timaphunzira ndi anachita mantha ofanana America kukhala Ka 50 "Black Shark". Kamov Helicopters Series 50 inakhazikitsa mu June 1982 ndipo anakhala mwaluso a Russian ndege asilikali, koma sangathe weniweni kuyamba moyo.

Features ndege

Lachitsanzo wakhala zonse kunachitika mantha wagawo kuti uzigwirizana ndi chiwonongeko cha magalimoto oti muli nazo zida, nyumba zomangamanga ndi kuwonongedwa kwa Adani nkhondo. makina Single kale bwino dongosolo coaxial anali okonzeka ndi chipewa pachithandara ndi catapult pa roketi ndi parachuti mfundo. m'njira imeneyi zimathandiza woyendetsa kuti bwinobwino kusiya ndege pa liwiro mpaka 400 Km / h pamalo okwera palibe mamita oposa 4000 ndi zoletsa palibe osachepera.

Luso pamene zipangizo gulu, amene nkhani za wachitatu wa kulemera kwa makina kapangidwe lonse, kuchepetsa kulemera chonse poyerekeza ndi mbadwo wakale wa Helicopters. N'zothekanso kuwonjezera moyo utumiki wa mayunitsi aliyense, ndipo ndi wodalirika komanso survivability zida.

Russian Helicopters 'Kamov "otchedwa" Black Shark "kukhala mndandanda ka chidutswa. makope Recent amasulidwa ndi mphamvu ya onyamula mu 2009. Onse akhoza bwino kuwerenga 15 magalimoto Ka 50, kuphatikizapo zida mayeso. Mokulira chitsanzo umenewu wakhala ndi mwayi kwambiri pa Kamov mamangidwe amasinthira, kulola m'munda ntchito umisiri wotsogola ndiponso zipangizo zatsopano wa asilikali.

Features ndege

Ndege ntchito magawo Ka 50:

• Denga - 5500 m.
• Osiyanasiyana - 1160 Km.
• Zolemba malire zinakhazikitsa liwiro - 390 Km / h.
• Reserve pa zofunika kulemera - 10.800 kg.
• Adalira - 1 munthu.
• Katundu - 2000 kg.
• M'mimba mwake wa ozungulira chachikulu - 14.5 m.
• chimango kutalika - 13.5 m.

Ca 52

Experience angaipeze chitukuko Ka 50 wakhala akuyendera mokwanira latsopano mtundu multifunction makina amadza Ca 52 "Gator". Tsogolo la m'badwo atsopano Helicopters Kamov angatchedwe opambana.

Kungoona deta, amene anapereka Russian Air Force ndi 72 Ka 52 mayunitsi mu utumiki wa asilikali athu. Komanso, asilikali inachita pangano yaitali ndi Kamov mamangidwe amasinthira zimene zimaphatikizapo retrofitting luso mpaka 2020 (pafupifupi 150 Mipikisano cholinga kuukira ndege "alligator" mtundu).

mbali chosiyana

Chachikulu kusiyana pakati pa latsopano Ka 52 ku "Black Shark" - ndi zikamera wa co-woyendetsa ndi mwayi wonse kuuluka pa nthawi iliyonse, mu nyengo iliyonse. Dziwani kuti mbadwo wakale wa Ka 50 sanathe kuchititsa ntchito usiku.

Kusinthidwa "Alligator" ndi pafupifupi 85% wakhala limagwirizana ndi makina Ka 50. Newcomer Ka 52 ali powerplant, mchira ndi gawo pakati pa fuselage, mapiko ndi empennage chonyamulira dongosolo galimotoyo. Mbali kutsogolo kwa ndege chinawonjezeka pang'ono, kuti anapeza mpando womuthandizira wake wa. Monga katswiri woyendetsa, kupulumutsidwa dongosolo ntchito zonse chomwecho roketi ndi parachuti catapult monga "Black Shark". Walandira lalikulu Mokweza kugwiritsa ntchito zida mu cockpit lapansi. Tsopano pali ano LCD kusonyezedwa m'malo anatchulapo miyambo electromechanical.

Mkubwela kwa woyendetsa makina chachiwiri wakhala chodalirika, monga katundu adalira nawo awiri. Komanso, okonza ankaona zomveka kwambiri kukonza oyendetsa sali mu tandem (ndi mzake), akuchita mu Helicopters ena kuukira, ndi mtima umodzi. Chifukwa makonzedwe amenewa, adalira kwambiri kuchuluka mgwirizano ntchito ndipo palibe kukhazikitsa lakutsogolo zina, ndi kuchepetsa izi kulemera kwa dongosolo lonse ndi kuchepetsa kulowelera pa zipangizo chibwereza.

Choyamba ndege "Alligator" unachitika ku mapeto a June 1997. Pa galimoto conveyor anabwera yekha kumapeto kwa 2008 chifukwa mphamvu yopanga mbewu "Patsogolo", yomwe ili m'tauni yaing'ono ya Arsenyev. State mayesero pa ranges asilikali anali anamaliza 2011, ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo, Ka 52 analowa utumiki ndege Russian nkhondowo mayunitsi.

cholinga makina

"Alligator" lakonzedwa kuti ntchito nkhondowo zinthu zonse nyengo ndi okhoza kuthetsa zida mdani oti muli nazo zida, pamodzi ndi mphamvu moyo wa mdani, komanso kuti amenyane Helicopters mdani mu kuya mwatsatanetsatane.

Komanso, Ca 52 motsimikiza anasonyeza lokha ntchito nzeru. Iye akhoza kuchita hardware kutsata ndi chandamale pogawira ogwirizana naye njira (nkhondowo ndege ndi asilikali pansi). makina amatha kupereka moto ankafika chivundikiro, apolisi m'dera ndiponso kutsagana mizati aliyense zolinga onse zosakhudzana ndi usilikali. Lero ndi kunyada kwa Aviation Russian ndi chida mosalekeza asilikali ndi wokhoza kuchita nambala yaikulu utumwi nkhondowo, ndi pa mtunda olemekezeka ndi mfundo za kunyumba.

zizindikiro chifungulo cha chitsanzo

Ndege ntchito magawo Ka 52:

• Denga - 5500 m.
• Osiyanasiyana - 1160 Km.
• Zolemba malire zinakhazikitsa liwiro - 300 Km / h.
• Reserve pa zofunika kulemera - 10.400 kg.
• Adalira - 2 anthu.
• Katundu - 2000 kg.
• M'mimba mwake wa ozungulira chachikulu - 14.5 m.
• chimango kutalika - 14,2 m.