Zikalata zimene zimafunika pa njinga yamoto yovundikira ndi?

Mwatsoka, komanso vuto la achinyamata ambiri pa gawo la Chitaganya cha Russia posachedwapa kalata watsopano umene amaletsa ntchito galimoto aliyense ali ndi injini mphamvu kuposa 0,25 kW, popanda chilolezo cha gulu ziwalo. Ngakhale ambiri sichikunditsutsa, chifukwa iwo sakudziwa nkomwe chimene zikalata zofunika pa njinga yamoto yovundikira, ndipo ngati alipo konse.

Kodi tiyenera yoyenera kulamulira njinga yamoto yovundikira chiyani?

Mawu osavuta anthu, lamulo latsopano akuchenjeza madalaivala kuti aliyense wakuchita magalimoto iliyonse galimoto (magalimoto, mopeds, njinga zamoto, etc.), ayenera kukhala laisensi, kapena kulankhula kwambiri chabe, lamanja kunyamula kasamalidwe amatanthauza. Iwo chikalata pafupifupi onse magawo galimoto, kupatulapo njinga ndi njira makina ndi makina zosakwana 0,25 kW.

Malamulo a pamsewu ndipo pali mawu a m'munsi, lomwe limafotokoza kuti injini - ichi ndi wapadera makina chipangizo chimene otembenuka mafuta mphamvu mu abulusa magetsi kapena makina ndi zipangizo zina za galimoto, kenako kutsogolera galimoto yokha mu filimu.

Tsatirani funso ngati zolemba pa njinga yamoto yovundikira, mukhoza motsimikiza muyenera kuti, inde, chifukwa njinga yamoto yovundikira akunena mu nkhani iyi mwina mopeds kapena njinga zamoto, malinga specifications ake. Ndipo monga mwa chilamulo chatsopano, madalaivala a onse awiri ayenera laisensi.

Luso mbali scooters

Nanga lamulo latsopano kudzasokoneza achinyamata ambiri? Poyamba mopeds Russian, scooters ndi ATVs ndi injini mkati kuyaka ndi chipinda voliyumu ya kiyubiki mamita 50 kapena kuchepera, simuyenera malamulo ndi zoona, iwo anali wofanana ndi njinga, koma chiyambireni lamulo latsopano, malinga linasindikizidwa November 2013 amene panafunika akatunge yoyenera kulamulira gulu M mopeds, mwachitsanzo posachedwapa kwenikweni zikalata zofunika pa njinga yamoto yovundikira a.

Mu SDA limati yamoto - ndi wina kuposa galimoto, amene ali eni kuyaka injini ndi buku chipinda 50 cubes kapena magetsi galimoto mpaka 4 kW, ndi mlingo ayenera okha 50 km / h.

Choncho, tinganene kuti njinga zamoto, ndi scooters, njinga ndi injini, ATVs ndi zina magalimoto oyenera specifications deta, tinganene kuti ngati yamoto a. Onse amene ali mu kamangidwe kake ndi injini yamphamvu kwambiri zambiri zokhudzana ndi njinga zamoto gulu. Ndiye, zikalata zimene zimafunika pa njinga yamoto yovundikira ndi kukwera mwalamulo?

Ngati buku la galimoto njinga yamoto yovundikira 50 cubes

Mwachidule, ndi zikalata okha pa njinga yamoto yovundikira ndi injini mphamvu kiyubiki mamita 50 osafunika, basi ayenera kukhala ndi ufulu gulu loyenera. Pankhaniyi, gulu M (ie, lamanja kuyendetsa yamoto). gulu ili mulinso Cu kulamulira kwa galimoto 4 kW kapena yamoto ndi wapadera "mchikuta".

Komanso analola kasamalidwe ka gulu la magalimoto kuti anthu amene atsegula gulu lina lirilonse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati munthu ali ndi ufulu kuyendetsa galimoto, ndiye iye sadzakhala ndi relearn gulu M. Iye sangakhoze basi kutenga yamoto ndi kupita, ndipo ngati mabasi apolisi magalimoto, dalaivala ali ndi ufulu maufulu awo antchito ndi kupita patsogolo, ngati sanapalamule palibe kuyan'anila.

Tikumbukenso kuti alowe lamanja gulu M kale kukhala zaka 16, m'pofunika kokha kuchita ndi kukhoza mayeso mu apolisi apamsewu. Ufulu wa magulu ena ambiri kudikira bwino.

Enawo, tinganene kuti zida zina kulamulira njinga yamoto yovundikira wa mtundu uwu ndi osafunika, chifukwa mu Russia iwo mwalamulo zalembedwa, komanso njinga. Komabe, anthu ambiri analangiza kunyamula nawo cheke kwa njinga yamoto yovundikira kapena malangizo alionse amene kuwakonda kwa ogula, monga mu nkhani iyi kudzakhala kosavuta zambiri potsimikizira kuti apolisi magalimoto kuti njinga yamoto yovundikira ndi zanu ndipo palibe mu hijacking lapansi. Ngakhale mwini njinga yamoto yovundikira ndi salamulidwa kupereka zikalata zimene si operekedwa ndi SDA.

Nkofunika kukumbukira kuti pansi pa lamulo wogwira ntchito yakuti kukakamiza laisensi, kukachitika kuti dalaivala udampititsa njinga yamoto yovundikira 50 cubes. Onani ngati mu kuba Mwachitsanzo izi m'kaundula, zingakhale kudutsa mu kachitidwe wapadera, ndipo zimatenga mwamsanga mokwanira.

Ngati buku la cubes galimoto njinga yamoto yovundikira zoposa 50

Pa nthawi imene buku la injini akupita kupyola cubes 50, m'pofunika formalize njinga yamoto yovundikira lapansi. Galimoto ali ndi galimoto yomwe inakhazikitsidwa pasipoti (TCP). Kenako recertifying akupezeka mofanana ngati galimoto.

Komanso, m'pofunika kupeza laisensi, ndiyo kuika yamoto pa nkhaniyi, motero, adzayenera mayesowo ndi kupeza inshuwalansi. Ndipo, ndithudi, ali ndi ufulu kupatsila siyana, ndicho A1. Kukutanthauza ulamuliro wa magalimoto ndi injini mphamvu 50 150 kiyubiki mamita.

A1 ufulu gulu ndipo adzakhala okonzeka mu zaka 16. Pankhaniyi, ngati gulu A1, kiyubiki mamita mopeds 50 adzatsegulidwa akhoza opareshoni popanda gulu M.

ndi zolembedwa pa njinga yamoto yovundikira 150 kiyubiki mamita adzafuna kuti kalembera chiyani? Dongosololi sakhala wosiyana kwambiri kuchokera kulembetsa ndi zina magalimoto. Muyenera zikalata izi:

• pasipoti yanu - kuti apereke kalata ya kulembetsa ndi mwachindunji mwini, mu nkhani iyi munthu amene anagula galimoto.
• PTS - kapena chikalata galimoto kulembetsa, lomwe limatchula specifications zonse, zinthu, komanso manambala siriyo wa chiphatso ndi kulembetsa mbale.
• Umboni wa kugula kapena kuti mgwirizano malonda, kuti atsimikizire kuti munthu kwenikweni adagula ndi mwini wake wa galimoto.

Pa nthawi imene kolowera kuti mawerengedwe anapanga kwa nthawi yoyamba, m'pofunika kukhala komanso buku GTE (katunduyo miyambo kulengeza) pofuna kutsimikizira kuti njinga yamoto yovundikira ndi mwalamulo kunja ndi miyambo chitakonzedwa mu Russia. Ngati kamodzi anagula mankhwala anayima mayina Russia, chikalata ichi mosakayika sizingakhale zofunika, kuyambira TCP ndi kulowa m'malo.

Akuphedwa zikalata pamene akugula ntchito / ndi njinga yamoto yovundikira ndi

Popeza zolembedwa pa njinga yamoto yovundikira 50 cubes Sikuti mayina, ndipo kuti n'zosatheka mfundo kenako musanthule, pa dzanja limodzi, izo zimapangitsa sazindikira. Koma ngati woweruza mwachidziwikire ndi kutsatira malangizo a madalaivala njinga yamoto yovundikira, tingathe kumvetsa kuti ndi ofunika kuti osachepera mgwirizanowo malonda. Chifukwa magalimoto apolisi akufuna kuona osachepera zikalata pa njinga yamoto yovundikira a.

Izi ndi zofunika pofuna kutsimikizira kuti anaba ndi yamoto kwa mwini m'mbuyomu, ndipo kwenikweni anagula kwa ndalama, chifukwa iye akanatha kusunga malisiti kapena umboni wina yogula, ndi zomwe angagwiritse ntchito ndi kulemba mawu za kuba katundu. Ndi mgwirizano zonse zikhala phokoso kwambiri ndipo safuna kuti mugwa m'manja mwa fraudsters.

Pankhaniyi, chitsanzo cha zolembedwa pa njinga yamoto yovundikira 50 cubes tinganene kuti monga chitsanzo cha mgwirizano malonda a galimoto. Koma zoyenera kuganizira kuti PTS yamoto 50 cubes kulibe ndipo si koyenera kuyembekezera kwa mwini yapita kapena wogulitsa.

Koma mu nkhani ya mtundu wina wa njinga yamoto yovundikira ayenera kupeza njira yokha ndi zikalata, mwinamwake mwalamulo kusuntha zoyendera sizingatheke. ndondomeko kulembetsa ndi losavuta:

1. The mwini amatenga kulembetsa galimoto.
2. Wasenza mgwirizano wa malonda ndi analipira mtengo.
3. Yopangidwa kulembetsa ndi mwini latsopano.

Komabe, njira ndi bwino kuti ambiri, chifukwa ndi zofanana ndondomeko kugulitsa galimoto kapena galimoto ina, kwa chomwecho mwachilungamo m'mbali.

Kodi ngati sanasunge zikalata pa njinga yamoto yovundikira ndi?

Mwamwayi, mu Russia safuna kuti zikalata pa njinga yamoto yovundikira 50 cubes. Sotrutniki magalimoto akhoza popanda china kuposa laisensi, ngakhale ngati macheke kapena kuti mgwirizano wa zogulitsa watayika, mabuku luso, chimene chikanakhoza Ufumuyo zida, kapena chinachake, ndiye osadandaula ndi ovuta kwenikweni ayi. njinga yamoto yovundikira akhoza kupitiriza ntchito popanda mapepala izi, chifukwa lamulo akuzipatsa izo, makamaka ngati zikalata zinali zoyenera ndi njinga yamoto yovundikira si kutchulidwa hijacking lapansi. Palibe kuopa, chinthu chachikulu - siziboola ndi malamulo a pamsewu.

Ngati zikalata atayika pa njinga yamoto yovundikira ndi buku lalikulu la injini, chirichonse wosalira zambiri - kubwezeretsa pafupifupi zikalata kwenikweni. Kumene, ngati njinga yamoto yovundikira wakhala kwenikweni mayina ndipo ali ndi mbale kulembetsa. Ndikofunikira kutsatira apolisi apamsewu ndi kuwauza imfa, ndipo kenako n'chiyani, munthu ayenera kuchita chiyani kuti abwezeretse zikalata.

Kodi ndikufunika kuika njinga yamoto yovundikira pa nkhaniyi ndi zimene milandu?

Kuchokera m'malemba pamwamba angalimvetse kalembera akhoza chilichonse koma scooters abwino pansi makhalidwe ena: Internal kuyaka injini 50 150 masentimita kiyubiki ndi liwiro osauka oposa 50 km / h. lingaliro ndi loti ngakhale njinga yamoto yovundikira, koma njinga yamoto lenileni, amene conventionally otchedwa choncho.

Koma ngati kuli kofunika kutero? Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto, ndiye ayenera! Chifukwa kasamalidwe ngati njinga yamoto yovundikira popanda mapepala mozemba ndipo izi likuoneka chabwino, ngati dalaivala ali waima magalimoto wapolisi.

Yodalirika galimoto chilolezo gulu kulamulira njinga yamoto yovundikira ndi

Documents kwa kulamulira njinga yamoto yovundikira ndi - ndi phukusi la sheya imasiyana malingana momwe yeniyeni njinga yamoto yovundikira akupita kuthamanga dalaivala. Pankhani losavuta, ndi pasipoti ndi laisensi ndi gulu lotseguka M. Ngati yamoto ndi wamphamvu kwambiri, ufulu gulu A1 kapena A, komanso TCP ndi inshuwalansi.

, The ufulu ndi magulu ati kuthana makamaka ndi vutoli ngati inshuwalansi ndi chirichonse chiri bwino, ndondomeko kulembetsa ndi mwachilungamo wophweka. Ndicho chimene kulola magawo enieni ufulu:

• Category M - limakupatsani kulamulira galimoto ndi injini ku kiyubiki mamita 50, amene Sikuti mabuku ena, kupatula ufulu. Woyendetsa ndi gulu anapatsidwa sangasiye magalimoto ndi injini wamphamvu kwambiri. Pakuti mopeds, pali malamulo kuti osiyana ndi anthu operekedwawo njinga zamoto ochiritsira kapena magalimoto. Ichi chidzakhala chikalata pa njinga yamoto yovundikira 50 cubes.
• Category A1 - gulu chosiyana, oyerekeza kuti A, koma ali ndi mphamvu zochepa kuti kiyubiki mamita 150. Komanso, aliyense angathe kutenga popanda vuto zaka 16.
• Category A - amalola kuti kusamalira mitundu yonse ya njinga zamoto, ndi wamphamvu kwambiri makina ndi injini lalikulu kuposa kiyubiki mamita 150, kupeza ufulu wa gulu n'kofunika kwathunthu kwa zaka 18.

Kodi pochitika mayeso kupeza ufulu kwa njinga yamoto yovundikira ku magalimoto?

Ngati zikalata zofunika pa njinga yamoto yovundikira, iwe umayenera kudutsamo ena kuyezetsa:

1. Maphunziro pasukulu galimoto pa enieni anakhumba gulu, mtengo ndi mawu a kudziwa zimadalira mwachindunji pa gulu anasankha, komanso masukulu ambiri galimoto, koma Dziwani kuti nthawi zambiri ndi gulu M chidule kuphunzitsa, ndipo sakondwera kuposa 2 masabata.
2. Limodzi ndi maphunziro kapena atangotha m'pofunika kukumana kufufuza mankhwala ndi kulandira kalata wapadera, malinga ndi zomwe kulumikiza ulamuliro galimoto.
3. Yopangidwa lendi mayeso mkati galimoto sukulu yopemphera kotheratu.
4. Self mayeso mu apolisi magalimoto imakhala ndi mbali ziwiri: chiphunzitso kompyuta ndi kuchita pa khoti ndipo mu mzinda. Nditamaliza bwino, mungathe mwalamulo kukakhala bwino.

Koma musadandaule, ngati inu simungakhoze kutenga mayeso chifukwa Retake zidzachitika chimodzimodzi sabata imodzi. Ndipo ngati kachiwiri sudzatha, kenaka patatha mwezi umodzi. Mulimonsemo, aliyense dalaivala mphamvu kukhoza mayeso ndi kulandira zikalata pa njinga yamoto yovundikira zawo.

Zindapusa poyendetsa popanda chilolezo mu scooters anthu olamulira

Zikuonekeratu kuti pazikhala lamanja la gulu ziwalo, komanso zikalata zonse. Koma kodi chingachitike n'chiyani ngati mwadzidzidzi dalaivalayo si zabwino, koma adakhala kumbuyo gudumu? Ngati musiya uyu dalaivala magalimoto apolisi njinga adzaperekedwa kwa mapaundi galimoto, ndi chilango zidzakhala kuchokera rubles 5 mpaka 15 chikwi. Nyamula galimoto ku mapaundi galimoto munthu mungathe, anali ndi ufulu gulu.

Ngati woyendetsa mwadzidzidzi kulengeza imfa ya ufulu, si mwanjira iliyonse kusintha zinthu, kuyambira imfa ayenera kulembedwa. Pankhaniyi, dalaivala adzapatsidwa chiphaso provisional, ndi pa atapita masiku 60, anapereka chilolezo watsopano galimoto.

Chilolezo ndi nkhope ndalama anatsirizika. Ndipo ngati mwadzidzidzi adzakhala anachita mobwerezabwereza kuphwanya malamulo, mwachitsanzo, ngati woyendetsa kale akumanidwa ufulu, izo anatchulidwanso panjira, ndiye chilango adzakhala 30 zikwi, kapena kudzachitidwa ntchito ndende kapena kumangidwa kwa masiku 15.

Nkofunika kukumbukira kuti zolembedwa pa njinga yamoto yovundikira 50 cubes si kofunika ayenera kukhala mu wantchito otsiriza kutsimikizira kuti malamulo a chilango cha kukwera pa galimoto izi kulibe. Ngati wogwira ntchito likutsimikizira zosiyana - ndi zochita oletsedwa, sipangakhalenso mubwalo bwalo, kulemba kukambirana kapena kamera foni.