Gulu la nsomba: maziko a taxonomy ndi zitsanzo

Nsomba ndi anthu chodabwitsa cha dziko madzi. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa yaikulu komanso osiyanasiyana magulu a nyama. mbali zapadera dongosolo, gulu ndi makhalidwe a nsomba, anaika maziko ake, ayankhidwa mu nkhani ino.

Superclass Pisces: makhalidwe ambiri

Nzosadabwitsa kuti anthu chidaliro mofanana ndi nyama. Kukamba za iwo: "Ndikumva ngati nsomba pa madzi." Ndipo ndithu, nsomba ndi mbali structural kuti chinawathandiza kuti adziwe chilengedwe. Zikuphatikizapo streamlined thupi mawonekedwe, pamaso pa zipsepse ndi mamba, khungu ntchofu-olemera ndi gill kupuma.

Ndizosowa gulu

Nyama zimenezi akumadzi kuikidwa m'magulu monga muyezo zosiyanasiyana. Choyamba, nsomba imatengedwa ndi gulu la mbali structural. Malingana kalasi wolemekezeka wa chichereŵechereŵe ndi fupa. oimira otsiriza Mbali zambiri zotsogola kwa kapangidwe ndi mphamvu. Choncho, mu mgwirizanowu mwadongosolo akadali kuonetsetsa angapo mayunitsi.

Malinga ndi munda wa ntchito ya wolemekezeka yokongola ndi chakudya nsomba. munthu woyamba zimaŵetedwa ku m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera ndi mayiwe ngati chokongoletsera kukongoletsa. Izi Angelfish, mlamba, Neon, guppies, barbs, ndi ena ambiri. Malonda nsomba munthu ayipanga anthu mowa. Iwo kalekale nyama ndi mazira ndi chakudya chokoma kwambiri, ndi mafuta - mankhwala wapatali.

Pali gulu chilengedwe nsomba. Iwo amaganizira zinthu zosiyanasiyana awo. Kungakhale osiyanasiyana matupi a madzi: atsopano, nyanja kapena nyanja.

Anagwira chinsomba ndi ...

Gulu la nsomba malonda amaganizira komanso kukula. Kuchokera mbali zimadalira njira adani ndi kusunga wotsatira a zipangizo. Ndi kulemera ndi kukula kusiyanitsa yaing'ono, sing'anga ndi nsomba zazikulu. Aliyense wa magulu awa ali ndi makhalidwe ake wapatali. Mwachitsanzo, sprats amasiyana kukoma kwambiri ndipo ankagwiritsa ntchito makampani chakudya, ngakhale kukula ochepa.

Nsomba malonda katundu gastronomic ndi zofunika makamaka. Chotero, kusiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta. Mwachitsanzo, m'nyanja zikuluzikulu hake navaga ndi chizindikiro ichi alibe upambana 4%. mitundu amenewa amaonedwa kukhala otsika-mafuta kapena woonda. Mlingo wapamwamba pa maziko a sprat anaona, nsomba ya makerele, hering'i, saury, Nsombazi ndi stellate Nsombazi. Awo chigawo mafuta kwambiri kuposa mlingo wa 8%.

The chofunika Research ntchito mfundo "mitundu" ndi "banja." Nsomba, gulu nsomba zokonzedwa ndi malonda makhalidwe zambiri zochokera zizindikiro kunja. Mwachitsanzo, hering'i banja kumabweretsa pamodzi, imene thupi laterally wothinikizidwa ndi mamba kugwa momasuka. nsomba oterowo mosatsata mzere lateral. Ali limodzi dorsal chipsyepsye ndi mchira ali mphako chosiyana. m'banja limeneli hering'i, sprat, sprat, sprats.

Anatomical gulu la nsomba: tebulo

Akukhulupirira kuti pamene magulu a nsomba n'komwe yekha mbali ya kapangidwe mafupa. Koma zimenezi si zoona. Ndizosowa gulu anatomical kuperekedwa ku gome.

malo

Gulu la malo nsomba komanso limatanthauzira magulu angapo. Choyamba ndi anthu m'madzi. Iwo akuvutika, hering'i, nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere, nsomba ya makerele, m'nyanja zikuluzikulu. nsomba madzi oyera ndi carp, Nsombazi, carp, njoka yam'madzi, carp. Iwo moyo wawo wonse mu malo komwe spawning awo. Vital ntchito za magulu awa zimadalira amenewa zachilengedwe. Choncho, ngati nsomba amasamukira ku madzi, mwamsanga kufa.

nsomba zosamukasamuka

nsomba malo gulu ndi moyo zikuphatikizapo gulu lina lotchedwa Globe. Pamafunikanso oimira superclass kuti moyo m'nyanja koma zimaswana mu madzi achoke. Izi Nsombazi ndi nsomba. Chotero nsomba anadromous amatchedwa anadromous. Koma eels pa spawning akuyenda zosiyana - kuchokera kumtsinje kunyanja. Awa ndi oimira lililonse nsomba catadromous.

Pochita njira yovuta, kuyenda kudzera mwa nthumwi akusiya zambiri mphamvu. Iwo kusambira ndi mafunde, kuti kuthetsa mathithi, mathithi. nthawi zonse izi musadye, ndipo amaika malo yakeyake mafuta ndi zakudya. Choncho, ambiri nsomba zosamukasamuka kusambira m'malo mwa kubereka, zimaswana ndi kufa. A okhazikika okhala kumbuyo kale juveniles. Adakali chinsinsi mmene nsomba kupeza kwawo. Ena amatha zimaswana kangapo pamoyo wawo. Pa spawning wa metamorphoses ambiri nsomba kunja. Mwachitsanzo, nsomba amalima hump pa nsana, yokhota kumapeto nsagwada.

Choncho, gulu la nsomba zochokera makhalidwe angapo. Awa ndi maonekedwe a mafupa ndiponso dongosolo mkati, kukula, mafuta okhutira, malo okhala, moyo, kuchuluka kwa ntchito.