ZIL 157: specifications ndi zithunzi

"ZIL 157" (chithunzi galimoto ndi kuperekedwa pa tsamba), wamphamvu galimoto, amene anali chopangidwa mu nthawi Soviet mu fakitare Likhachev, kuyambira 1958 mpaka 1991. makina ali ndi makhalidwe onse-gudumu pagalimoto zonse mtunda galimoto, choncho yopanga siriyo anali umalimbana kuonetsetsa galimoto wa Mphamvu ndi onyamula la Soviet Union. Pankhaniyi, kuchuluka kwa "ZIL 157" linagwiritsidwa ntchito chuma cha dziko.

patsogolo

Mu 1961, chitsanzo anali kusinthidwa ndi analandira index "ZIL 157K." Baibulo latsopanoli galimoto zinalengedwa mpaka 1978, kenako anasamukira kupanga ake kwa Ural galimoto Bzalani (UAMZ), koma pansi pa dzina la "ZIL 157KD". The makina atsopano ndi chosiyana ndi yapita bwino HIV, odalirika umodzi chimbale zowalamulira, ndi ofananira wabwino kugwirizanitsa ngakhale katundu yogawa ndi telescopic mantha absorbers. Galimoto ntchito ya chitsanzo kusinthidwa ndi kuchita bwino, mlingo kuchuluka kwa makilomita 60 65 pa ola limodzi. Baibulo kusinthidwa chakhala chilipo kwa kanthawi kuti ayanjane, "Zil 157" amene zithunzi sanali lofalitsidwa kulikonse, anali wachinsinsi monga zida aliyense lankhondo la nthawi.

Thupi galimoto anali nsanja matabwa okutidwa ndi m'mbali kotenga zitsulo amene kuchilango kumva kuwawa. matabwa anasonkhana kwa mbale matabwa, makulidwe 20 ndipo m'lifupi mwake millimeters 80. Kupanga mphamvu kotenga yopingasa mipiringidzo itakula ndi m'mabokosi zitsulo. bolodi Front anali wokwera fixedly ndi mbali ndi kumbuyo pansi, potero kutifotokozera nsanja thupi. Choncho, potsegula ndi katundu wa asilikali komanso katundu wina aliyense anagwira mosavuta ndipo mwamsanga.

Kwa gulu lankhondo la chuma cha dziko

Car "ZIL 157KD" zinalengedwa mpaka 1991, ndipo ntchito ya galimoto sichinasinthe, magawo onse luso kwathunthu akwaniritsa zofunikira za ntchito. Ndipo kuyambira asilikali anayamba kupanga zonse mtunda galimoto mu 1966 pa mbewu Likhachev "Zil 131", mwa kundipatsako "ZIL 157KD" mu Mphamvu ya onyamula wa USSR pang'ono anasiya. makina ochuluka ntchito okonza boma, mu minda losonkhanitsidwa ndi boma nkhalango. Odalirika, wodzichepetsa mtunda galimoto wasanduka chida chofunika kwambiri pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Model "ZIL 157B" thalakitala popanda thupi, anali makamaka yabwino kayendedwe kudula mitengo. Wamphamvu samatha amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito makina kwa zoyendera mitengoyi yaitali.

makhalidwe luso

Magawo a Gawo ndiponso ikuluikulu, "Zil 157" likukwaniritsa zofunikira apamwamba a nthawi. Popeza makina anapangidwa kwa Soviet Army, kupanga ake sanalekerere ndalama. Motero, "Zil 157", makhalidwe amene safunika bwino, anasonkhana pa pazimalamba zozungulira pa nkhani yakale, kwa zaka popanda kusintha sayansi.

galimoto anali okonzeka ndi injini mphamvu pafupifupi ndi HIV ndi mikondo pagalimoto asanu, mmodzi amene zikugwirizana ndi yopereka wagawo ndi gearbox ziŵiri chimanjamanja kasinthasintha wa kutsogolo ndi axles pakati. Wachinayi ndi wachisanu cardan kutsinde zikugwirizana mlatho pakati mmbuyo, kudzera mungafike zimakhudza msonkhano.

basi

Mawilo "Zil 157" anali kwambiri kuyenda mbali, pafupifupi kuchotsa slippage. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mu makampani zoweta magalimoto mu galimoto chinaikidwa dongosolo paging zonse tayala. Punctures ndi timabowo ting'onoting'ono magudumu sizikukhudzana ndi kuthamanga za makina, kompresa ali basi amawapopa chofunika kuchuluka kwa mpweya kukwaniritsa chosowa kuthamanga. Ku mpando wa dalaivala nanenso monga ikukoka limagwirira.

Matayala "Zil 157" Mwa zina, tinalengedwa ndi kayendedwe pa chisanu namwali kapena m'madambo. Chifukwa chaichi kunali koyenera kuchepetsa pofuna 0,7 atmospheres. Mawilo okhazikika pamwamba anakhala onse. Atayendetsa gawo gulu, matayala kachiwiri amawapopa mpaka kuthamanga yachibadwa 2.8 atmospheres.

dongosolo kuzirala

Cylinder chipika "Zil 157" ndi "jekete" chatsekedwa mtundu. Ndi kufalitsidwa coolant kuzungulira. Redieta chinachake chooneka tubular, zokuzira ndi khungu choimirira. Zisanu bladed zimakupiza gudumu amapereka kuzirala zina.

Ndi kuipa zaphindu yozizira dongosolo "Zil 157" akhoza zimachitika ndi tilinazo injini kutentha otsika. Pa opanda 10 madigiri amayenera kugwiritsa ntchito yapadera chifukwa chimateteza shrouds kwa injini chipinda, kuyambira dongosolo yozizira siligwirizana ndi kutentha ankafuna. Zotsatira za imodzi wakhala kuimaliza kukonza, koma housings akadali aphatikizidwa makina ma CD.

Engine "Zil 157"

• yamphamvu mphamvu - 5559 masentimita / 3;
• mtundu - mafuta, carburetor;
• pazipita mphamvu - 109 HP.
• Chiwerengero cha masilindala - 6, mu mzere dongosolo;
• yamphamvu m'mimba mwake - 101,6 mamilimita;
• psinjika chiŵerengero - 6.2;
• yozizira - zoletsa kuwuma;
• zakuthupi - chitsulo chipika yamphamvu, yamphamvu mutu zotayidwa;
• anayi - kugwira ntchito;
• kuyitanitsa 1-5-3-6-2-4 wa zonenepa;
• mafuta A-66, A-72.

HIV

Buku HIV, mfundo zisanu:

• Model 151;
• kusinthana - pansi ndalezo.

Zida magawanidwe:

• zida kachisanu (molunjika) - 0,81;
• chachinayi zida - 1,00;
• chachitatu zida - 1,89;
• chachiwiri zida - 3,32;
• woyamba kutengerapo - 6,24;
• Chigamulocho - 6,70.

Kugawira bokosi, awiri gawo:

Zida magawanidwe:

• woyamba kutengerapo - 2,44;
• chachiwiri zida - 1,24;
• chachikulu kufala pagalimoto axles - wosakwatiwa, 6,67.

Makulidwe ndi makhalidwe kulemera

• kulemera okwana ali 10.190 makilogalamu;
• kutalika 6684 mamilimita;
• kutalika: wonse, ndi awning 2915 mm, popanda awning 2360 mamilimita;
• 2315 mamilimita m'lifupi;
• kutsogolo njanji 1755 mamilimita;
• kumbuyo njanji 1750 mamilimita;
• gudumu m'munsi 3 665 + 1 120 mamilimita;
• nthaka chilolezo (chilolezo) - 310 mm.

zosintha

Pa kupanga "ZIL 157" analengedwa ndi khumi Mabaibulo zofunika, amene amachita ntchito yapadera. Komanso, panali cholinga magalimoto lapadera:

• moto galimoto ndi thanki ya madzi ndi mphamvu matani 4.5, extendable makwerero ndi iwiri kanyumba kwa ogwira;
• galimoto ikuyambitsa mwadzidzidzi anayamba kupereka magetsi kuti mongoyembekezera De-zikundithandiza zinthu.
• chitsanzo ndi kumakula kutsogolo bampala kwa towing kuwakankhira;
• magalimoto okonzeka ndi winch ndi, anaikira kukokera kunja othinana gudumu ndi njanji magalimoto;
• zofunika chitsanzo, "Zil 157", kope 1958;
• thalakitala "157B";
• m'munsi chitsanzo kuyambira 1961, "157K";
• thalakitala mu 1961, "157KV";
• chitsanzo m'munsi ndi 1978 "157KD";
• thalakitala mu 1978, "157KDV";
• Otentha Baibulo ndi dongosolo kumatheka kuzirala ndi Redieta akuzinga, "157YU";
• katundu chitsanzo, "157E";
• chitsanzo ndi zida kutetezedwa, isagwe - "157G";
• chitsanzo ndi lotetezeka zida kutetezedwa kuyambira 1961 - "157KG";
• chitsanzo apadera wapawiri mafuta akasinja, okwana buku la malita 300 - "Zil 157E".

Total 797 934 magalimoto zinalembedwa wa zosintha zonse, "mfumu ya kutali msewu", monga "Zil 157" otchulidwa ndi anthu.

The injini latsopano

Lachitsanzo m'munsi 1978 "157KD" anali okonzeka ndi injini, ndi galimoto ndi wogwirizana "Zil 130". psinjika chiŵerengero linawonjezeka kuchokera 6.2 kuti 6.5. Pisitoni gulu - liners yamphamvu, pistons, anapereka mphete psinjika, zala polumikiza ndodo kwathunthu Anabwereka injini "130". kondomu dongosolo asintha mafuta tsopano kutsukidwa mu fyuluta centrifugal.

Madzi mpope mphamvu kwambiri kuchuluka, wokwera alternator kwenikweni latsopano, yaying'ono, kothandiza unit. Zonse sitata m'malo mwa vysokooborotisty, kuchuluka mphamvu. powerengetsera Normal anapereka njira zolankhulirana ndi dongosolo transistor poyatsira. The injini kusinthidwa anaikidwa pa "ZIL 157KD" mu nthambi Ural wa ZIL.

"ZIL 157" dizilo

Nthawi yopanga zonse mtunda galimoto, zomera mphamvu dizilo, zimene kupangidwa pamlingo mafakitale kulibe. Choncho, mu USSR, magalimoto onse zida yekha ndi Motors petulo. Komabe, "Zil 157" akhoza mfundo akayiyike D245-12S injini dizilo mtundu, sizikusoweka kuti asinthe chilichonse, onse ogwiritsa ndi docking galimoto ndi predach bokosi zikhoza kusinthidwa. Ndikofunikira kuti kudula zonse kumbuyo thandizo m'mabokosi ndi china chotulutsa ku "Zil 130" kapena "131 Zil. Komabe, pamene khazikitsa injini dizilo ayenera kukonzekera chogwirika kugwedeza makina lonse ndi zoipa okha a wamakono zimenezi.

milatho

Car "Zil 157" kaya kusinthidwa ndi okonzeka ndi atatu a wofanana kuthamanga zida. mapulaneti ichi, semiaxial milatho ndi differentials ndi. The magawanidwe zida za magiya zofanana kwa matabwa onse atatu. ogwiritsa m'mabokosi anapangidwa kuti elliptical tsamba akasupe, ngakhale kuyimitsidwa angakhale pendulum ndi koyilo akasupe ndi hayidiroliki absorbers mantha.

M'malo lolimba zinthu opaleshoni, "Zil 157" milatho amene akukumana kuwawa, anakakamizika okonza kupeza yankho povyshayushie galimoto suspensions odalirika. chiwembu wakhala anayamba mokwanira losavuta ndi odalirika, imene imakhudza unsembe wa absorbers hayidiroliki mantha.

onse theka mzere wa galimoto likugwirizana ndi ng'oma pulasitala zitsulo, amene ali mbali ya "157" dongosolo imathandiza braking. Zidutswa za zinthu chilengedwe "feredo" ntchito m'njira. Galimoto pafupifupi sanasiye zizindikiro kuyenda panjira, amasiya anali yosalala ndi wopanda jerks, omwe kawirikawiri limodzi ndi chopinga magalimoto lolemera.

kukonza galimoto

Ngakhale kuphweka ntchito yomanga ndi moyo utumiki yaitali, "mfumu ya kutali msewu" nthawizina yopuma. Komabe, eni panopa osadandaula-mtunda galimoto zida zosinthira "Zil 157" pa malonda wambiri chokwanira. Mu nthawi Soviet, limodzi ndi yopanga magalimoto, makamaka magalimoto, ntchito za mafakitale kwa yopanga zida kukonza. Ndipo, monga ulamuliro, zida zosinthira opangidwa lalikulu zedi kutali choposa akumufuna. Izi zinali ndalama za chuma anakonza, koma ndi chifukwa iwo kuti lero mugule pafupifupi zonse muyenera kukonza galimoto.