Zimbudzi Public: malongosoledwe a mitundu. zimbudzi Public mu Moscow

Kwa nthawi yaitali m'mizinda panalibe zonse kunachitika kuchimbudzi. Zosafunika nthawi zambiri anaponyedwa msewu, kumene mwachibadwa, kumathandiza kuti munthu akhale chobvunda zonse ndi dothi, komanso chitukuko cha matenda aakulu matenda, nthawi zina akufotokozera ku mliri kwambiri.

Choncho, ntchito ndi chimbudzi onse yoyamba, sitingalephere kukambapo. Iwo samangokhala analoledwa kuchotsa m'misewu ya m'mizinda ikuluikulu, komanso kwenikweni anapulumutsa miyoyo ya anthu ambiri.

A mbiri pang'ono

Chimbudzi anthu woyamba anaonekera mu Russia ndi m'zaka za m'ma 19. Mwachitsanzo, mu St. Petersburg mu 1871, ndi fungo loipa, amatchedwa "retiradnik" inamangidwa pafupi ndi Mikhailovsky Manege. Zinali nyumba yomangidwa pa cesspool ndi moika yaing'ono Russian Kutentha mbaula.

Kupambana ouziridwa, ndipo kenako boma mudzi womangidwa 42 zambiri za chimbudzi chomwecho. Onsewo gravitated m'madera anasonkhanitsa chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu - misika, chigawo chapakati cha mzinda, mabwalo ndi m'mapaki. Initiative pang'onopang'ono anatola ndi mizinda ina Russian.

Mitundu ya zimbudzi anthu (achilengedwe)

Malinga njira, amene kumachotsa zoipa, mitundu otsatirawa a zimbudzi pagulu - zachilengedwe, zimbudzi mankhwala, mankhwala ndi zimbudzi.

1. M'madera palibe centralized zimbudzi dongosolo bwino ntchito otchedwa zimbudzi achilengedwe. Iwo kuimira onenepa yaing'ono, pomanga cesspool lapansi. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, ndi pamwamba sitimayo ndi dzenje slotted mmenemo (ochkom), zomwe akalola ndi defecate. Kuti nyumba ya ukubwera mpweya wabwino pakhomo zambiri kupanga potulukira yaing'ono. Ndowe nthawi owazidwa lapansi kapena peat kusintha processing anabadwira ndi kuchepa kwa fungo. A Dzadzani sump nthawi amawakhula ntchito zimbudzi galimoto kapena pamanja.
2. Mu biotoilets kwa yobwezeretsanso ntchito peat, umene nkhani pang'ono ndi pang'ono n'kukhala kompositi, feteleza oyenera zomera. Mosiyana, zimbudzi mankhwala ntchito zinyalala ntchito mankhwala choncho amasankha kugwiritsa Mwachitsanzo, kumanga malo kapena pa zikondwerero.
3. Kuchimbudzi zimbudzi - ndi malo wapadera wa dongosolo centralized zimbudzi, amene amalola kuchotsa nkhani fecal madzi panopa.

Zofunika kwa mayikidwe a zimbudzi pagulu

Kukula mizinda amafuna ambiri mabafa anthu. Yomanga nyumba zimenezi njira aakulu, amene ayenera kuganizira osati Kusinthaku, komanso mphamvu zokwanira (akukhulupirira kuti 1000 akhale 0,3 wagawo).

Pamene angagwiritse miyeso ayenera kutsatira mabafa ena onse, omwe ndi ochokera ku chakuti aliyense mbale ayenera osachepera 2.5 m, ndipo aliyense urinal - osachepera 1.5 mamita m'deralo. Kutalika 3.2 mamita adzatenge patsogolo mu nyumba osiyana, ndi makhazikitsidwe lokhazikika kapena mobisa ayenera kukhala osachepera 2.8 m.

Mungapezeko nsanamira zimbudzi pagulu

Kwalamulidwa malamulo ndi malo kumene inu mukhoza nsanamira mabafa anthu.

Choncho, malinga ndi zofunikira ukhondo wa chipangizo awo mu nyumba, kusukulu ndi kindergartens, komanso maofesi a nyumba pambali kwa mankhwala ndi kupewa kapena bungwe mwaukhondo ndi epidemiologic, sikuloledwa.

Zimbudzi mu nyumba pagulu, kutenga ambiri alendo pa mtunda wa zosaposa 75 mamita ku malo akutali, kumene anthu amakhala. Ndipo mu mabwalo a kutali siziyenera upambana mamita 150 kuchokera malo a mpira ndi malo kutali maguwa.

Mobile chimbudzi cabins adzaikidwe palibe mamita kwambiri kuposa 50 ku nyumba onse ndi zogona. chofunikira chotero, mwa njira, chikukhudza zimbudzi n'kupuma.

Zoti zimbudzi pagulu

Kuti zikuonetsa chimbudzi poyera, mu mizinda ndi mayiko osiyana ntchito zizindikiro zosiyana. Kuwonjezera pa mawu akuti "WC", mu Europe zingakhale makalata WC (chidule madzi chipinda).

Ndipo mu mahotela chimbudzi anthu ili aliyense pansi, anatchulidwa GS, kutanthauza - chipinda ichi alibe manambala. Komabe ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mawu awa anabwera ku British Army, kumene kotero alembedwa mabafa akuluakulu (Apolisi Only).

Komanso zimbudzi onse nthambi kufanana kalembedwe ntchito abambo ndi amayi - "M" ndi "W" kapena "M" ndipo «W» (mu Baibulo English). Nthawi zina, m'malo chizindikiro ntchito mafano kapena zithunzi kugwirizana kapena ndi chimbudzi lathu, aliyense mlendo pansi.

zimbudzi Public kwa anthu a amuna kapena akazi

Posachedwapa, anthu ambiri mabafa samasonyeza kusiyana jenda alendo awo. Kuti ali pa malo a pambali kuti mtundu uwu wa utumiki, kawirikawiri kwambiri anawona akusonyeza kuti zimbudzi ichi poyera amuna kapena akazi.

zosintha zimenezi zili chifukwa chakuti mwayi wokaona mabafa yekha ena amuna ndi akazi amalenga mavuto ena. Mwachitsanzo, amuna nokha kusamalira mwanayo, mungaone kuti kusintha tebulo alipo yekha mu chipinda madona. Atate kukula atsikana amathanso vuto la - kapena kulola mwana wamng'ono kupita kumpanda wa akazi, kapena kutenga ndi iwe amuna. Gwirizanani: ndipo iye ndi njira zina mofanana kovuta.

Zimbudzi kwa amuna ndi akazi kumanga lalikulu wodikira chipinda kumene mukhoza kusamba manja anu ndi kuyeretsa zovala, ndi malo, kumene chatsekedwa onenepa. Zimenezi zimathandiza amuna ndi akazi manyazi mzake.

Kuikira kwa zimbudzi pagulu

zofunika zida ukhondo kwa zimbudzi anthu sikuti zimadalira angati alendo pa nthawi yomweyo iwo apangidwa - izo ziyenera kukhala vandal-umboni ndi zosavuta kukonza.

Ndi wotchuka kwambiri pankhani imeneyi ndi chimbudzi kwa zimbudzi pagulu - mbale "Genoa". Ndi amakona anayi mankhwala a pulasitala chitsulo, chitsulo kapena ziwiya zadothi, ndi zamkati wapadera kwa mapazi ndi mphamvu pakati elongated, kutanthauza kutchire kukakumba ndikafuna kudzithandiza. Zimenezi zachititsa undoubted ubwino pamene mlendo sayenera kukhudza pamwamba pa chilichonse kupatula nsapato.

Mosiyana ndi zina chimbudzi mbale "Genoa" ndi odalirika ndipo ali ndi nthawi yaitali kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito.

Zimbudzi akhoza kukhala wokongola

Masiku ano, zimbudzi pagulu pang'onopang'ono apitirira Kukhala malo kumene ine ndikufuna ndilumphepo posachedwapa. M'mizinda yambiri padziko lonse, maofesi awa akhala mapulani odziwika.

• Choncho, Tel Aviv (Israeli) amasangalala diso kuzungulira misasa lalanje, zambiri ngati malalanje kuposa zimbudzi. Ndipo mu Gdańsk (Poland), gawo mbiri ya mudziwo chokongoletsedwa ndi kapangidwe ofanana ndi dontho la mvula, amene mogwirizana ziziwayendera bwino ku amakambirana m'deralo.
• Japanese mapulani analenga mitundu 17 zimbudzi poyera Hiroshima m'mapaki, wopangidwa kalembedwe origami, koma anathira konkire. Iwo utoto mitundu yowala ndipo m'dera lokongola.
• Ndipo Uster (Switzerland) chimbudzi akufanana ndi kyubu ataphimbidwa ndi khungu wazikang'a njoka. Amenewa zimatheka, zapiringizana pafupifupi 300 akuda mu mithunzi osiyanasiyana n'kupanga zotayidwa wobiriwira.
• Chimbudzi mu mzinda wa Austin (Texas, USA) lili pafupi Alley, amene anasankhidwa okha othamanga. Ndi kwambiri ngati unsembe wa matabwa matabwa kuposa pa chimbudzi, kotero kuti kupsa mwangwiro mu malo ozungulira.
• Ndi gombe m'dera la Wellington (New Zealand) zimbudzi kuyang'ana ngati zinsomba ndi michira italiitali zilimba zake. michira awa, mwa zina, ndi mpweya achilengedwe malo a.
• Koma akazi okongola kwambiri angatchedwe ndi chimbudzi anthu muholo Shoei Tabuchi (USA). Iye Zikungokhala ngati chipinda wapamwamba wa nyumba ya wodzazidwa ndi maluwa. The kalirole ndiye lathuli mu chimango chachikulu mkuwa, ndi kwa anthu amene akufuna kumasuka, pali ngakhale mpando akugwedeza.

Koma zimbudzi anthu sikokwanira

Komabe, malinga ndi UN, tsiku lililonse, pafupifupi mabiliyoni 2.5 anthu dziko amadwala kupanda zimbudzi anthu. Komanso, ogwira ntchito za bungwe anavomereza otchedwa zinthu pafupi zoopsa.

Ndipotu, ngakhale pamene mabafa ali, ali mu chikhalidwe chowopsya zambiri, nchifukwa chake anthu amene akugwiritsa ntchito ali pa chiopsezo thanzi. Ndipo akazi ndi ana, kuyendera zimbudzi pagulu, nthawi zambiri anthu amene amamenyedwa pa iwo. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, anthu ambiri amakakamizidwa defecate mu malo yosayenera ichi, chimene kumene ali zoyipa pa nkhaniyi AIDS ndi zachilengedwe mu dziko.

zimbudzi Public mu Moscow

Osati zosiyana ndi lingaliro limeneli, ndipo Moscow. Alendo ndiponso anthu a mumzindawo ndi zovuta kupeza malo kuthetsa okha. Ndipotu, ambiri a zimbudzi anthu alipo kungoti inconspicuous. Iwo si malonda, koma ngakhale ndi zizindikiro kuzindikira. Mwachidziwikire, apa anafotokoza chifukwa chakuti ndodo ali mwamtheradi chidwi kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha alendo.

Popeza 90 m'ma mu Moscow litapita buluu pulasitiki chimbudzi cubicles (zimbudzi kunyamula imene inkatchedwa mosazindikira). Ambiri a iwo pang'onopang'ono kuika mu amalonda ntchito. Ndipo ngakhale ubwino zimbudzi ngati ndi zoonekeratu - iwo ali m'manja, musatenge malo zambiri, yotchipa komanso malipira yokha mkati miyezi ingapo - akali wamng'ono kwambiri kwa mzinda yaikulu. Izi n'kukumana ndi chakuti "cabins buluu" mwamsanga kukhala unusable danga.

Kuthetsa vutoli amatchedwa zimbudzi zatsopano yodziyimira payokha, umene 2013 anayamba kuoneka mu Moscow. Iwo amakhala okonzeka ndi kuwala, madzi otentha, kudzikonda kukonza dongosolo, sopo, galasi ndi ngakhale "mantha batani", mungathe itanani apolisi kapena ambulansi.

A mawu ochepa pomaliza

Makamaka mmene anapulumutsa ndi kumukonzanso zimbudzi anthu akhoza adzaweruzidwa pa mlingo wa chikhalidwe ndi chitukuko cha dziko.

Kupeza zosowa zawo zokhudza thupi mu malo omasuka - ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kusamala za nzika. Ndipo, monga nzika ndi katundu kuteteza ndi kusamalira kuti mabungwe amenewa, akhoza kukuuzani zambiri za kumene anakulira, maphunziro ndi zizolowezi za ukhondo. Pepani ngati zimbudzi anthu ndi gwero la mavuto.