Zombo sitima. Russian Navy

Nthawi zonse, nkhondo imodzi mwa mitundu chachikulu cha zochita za anthu. Kumene, zotsatira zake zonse zakhala zoipa kwambiri, Koma chilengedwe chikhalidwe unali nazo otchuka kwambiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mwa nkhondo n'zotheka kupeza dziko, mphamvu, chuma, ndi zina zotero. N. Komanso ndi thandizo la nkhondo kuthetsa mikangano ambiri padziko lonse ndale. Choncho, nkhondo ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri kwa chikhalidwe.

M'mbiri yonse, anthu akweza mphamvu zake m'munda wa masewera a karati. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti malamulo muyezo wa asilikali nyumbayi, yomwe amagwiritsa ntchito lero. Malinga ndi mmodzi wa iwo, onse ankhondo a dziko lililonse lagawidwa zigawo zitatu: nyanja, m'dziko ndi mpweya. M'nkhani ino wolemba ndikanafuna kulankhula za Bulu la Chitaganya cha Russia, amene panopa ali ndi malo kwambiri kusanja dziko la asilikali awa.

ndi Navy ndi chiyani?

Today mu Russia pali ambiri mayunitsi asilikali, amene ali osiyana mu chikhalidwe, zolinga ndi ntchito. Choncho, pali funso ndithu zomveka: kodi Navy sitima? Pakati pake penipeni ndi mbali yofunika ya asilikali apanyanja a dziko lililonse, mu nkhani iyi Russian Federation. chigawo ichi lagawidwa zinthu ziwiri zikuluzikulu: madzi ndi m'madzi. Tikumbukenso kuti ambiri mwa miyambo ndi peculiarities mapangidwe izi chifukwa cha mlili wa chitukuko ubale apanyanja ndi makhalidwe dera dziko. Russian Federation pankhaniyi ali ndi mbiri ndithu lalitali la chitukuko cha mphamvu m'madzi asilikali, monga adzakhala pansipa.

Zombo za Russian Ufumu

Russian Imperial zombo analiko nthawi kuchokera 1721 mpaka 1917. Panthawi imeneyi, mapangidwe anatenga gawo ambiri nkhondo nyanja. Komanso zombo Imperial ali mkulu mlingo wa maphunziro nkhondowo ndi ntchito mu nkhondo pa madzi.

Oimira loyamba la mapangidwe bwalo zinamangidwa kwa ntchito anamenyapo chimango cha nkhondo kumpoto. The zapansi waukulu wa kasamalidwe lachifumu zombo pa nthawi iyi anali Kronstadt, Revel, Abo ndi Helsingfors. Ndi chiyambi cha 1745 mphamvu za Imperial Wake Ufumu nyanja inkakhala 130 sitima, 36 liniya ndi 9 frigates ndi zina zipangizo. Bulu wa Russian Ufumu ankakhala pa hayala wapadera.

Mu mbiri ya mfumu yapamadzi, pali zambiri umunthu odziwika bwino, monga asilikali Nakhimov. Munthu uyu wolemekezeka ungwazi ndi woyenera kumanga mwatsatanetsatane chitetezo pa kuzinga Sevastopol mu 1854-1855. Pakali pano, asilikali Nakhimov chizindikiro zosavomerezeka la zombo Russian.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti mapangidwe ntchito mu Crimea-Russian ndi Japanese nkhondo. Komanso, chomaliza chitukuko za m'madzi Imperial Navy anali nawo wake mu First World nkhondo.

The Soviet Navy

magulu ankhondo a Soviet Union, zochokera kunyanja, analipo kuchokera 1918 mpaka 1992. Cholinga chachikulu cha zombo chinali kuteteza malire dziko ndi olusa kunja. Kapangidwe inkakhala mapangidwe mayunitsi mwa sitima zankhondo, panyanja ndege, sitima pamwamba, zida ndi zida zankhondo asilikali, ndipo Asilikali. Lamulo yopangidwa kuchokera ku likulu la asilikali apanyanja, ankakhala mu mzinda wa Moscow. Asanabwere ake, zombo nawo nkhondo zambiri zikuluzikulu asilikali - Wachiwiri World nkhondo.

Kumapeto kwa 80s monga gawo mapangidwe panali chiwerengero zotsatirazi zipangizo zamakono: 160 pamwamba zombo, 113 sitima zankhondo, 83 mzinga, komanso za 12 zikwi ntchito ya sitima Corps. Pachimake pa chitukuko, USSR Navy anali mu 1985. Panthawi imeneyi anatenga malo chachiwiri chiwerengero cha zombo, pambuyo United States.

Zombo ntchito pa siteji pano

Modern Bulu la Chitaganya cha Russia ndi mbali yaikulu ya zachitetezo cha boma. Choncho, imagwera chala kukhazikitsa angapo zolinga zenizeni ku chilengedwe:

- ndi deterrence womveka wa ntchito iliyonse ya usilikali pa nyanja;

- zenizeni nthawi kuteteza malire boma, komanso ulamuliro wa boma latsopano la Russia m'madera m'dera yekha chuma ndi chokhala alumali ;

- chitetezo kukhazikitsa ntchito m'madzi zachuma m'gawo la chikhalidwe la nyanja;

- kuonetsetsa ndi kusamalila ambiri Russian pamaso asilikali nyanja dziko;

- nawo mu utumwi okhazikitsa mtendere ndi asilikali, ngati iwo kukakomana ndi zofuna za la Russia;

Monga tikuonera, ndi Bulu sitima Russia ali ndithu sipekitiramu yotakata ntchito yaikulu kuti akuyendera kulikonse.

Kapangidwe ka Bulu la Chitaganya cha Russian

Zombo m'madzi RF ali ndi dongosolo lomwe zipangitsa ndi efficacy wa mawonekedwe ntchito asilikali pa madzi. Koma tisaiwale kuti Kapangidwe ka Navy ali ambiri mayunitsi, amene nawonso, amanenedwa kukhala ndi chiwerengero cha ntchito achindunji kwambiri. Zombo sitima Russia tichipeza zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. mphamvu padziko, yomwe ndi mayunitsi ntchito njira ntchito pamwamba, zombo mwachitsanzo.

2. Mphamvu sitima zapamadzi.

3. mbali yachitatu ndi ndege panyanja zimene pamapeto, lagawidwa mayunitsi ang'onoang'ono structural.

4. Asilikali chikhalidwe m'mphepete mwa nyanja zokhudza nkhondo za pamadzi.

Choncho, monga taonera kale, aliyense wa zigawo zikuluzikulu ankaimira imagwira ntchito mwini vuto kuonetsetsa mphamvu ya Navy ambiri.

Amene Angazigwiritse ntchito padziko ndi sitima zapamadzi mphamvu

Monga momwe mukuonera, mphamvu yaikulu ya Russian Navy ali pamwamba ndi sitima zapamadzi mayunitsi. Iwo amadziwa zolinga zikuluzikulu za mbali imeneyi ya zachitetezo. Koma mu Kapangidwe ka yapamadzi ya Russian Federation pamwamba ndi sitima zapamadzi mayunitsi kugwiritsa zingapo zochititsa yake yeniyeni. Mwachitsanzo, mtundu woyamba wa formations amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

- kuphimba ankafika, komanso kutengedwa ake mpaka ankafika ndi gulu;

- kutetezeredwa mayiko a boma;

- kukhazikitsidwa kwa kutikola Mph;

- awonetsetse kuti ntchito mayunitsi m'madzi.

The chachiwiri, n'kofunika kuti mayunitsi ake imayenera mu Bulu la Chitaganya cha Russia m'madzi mapangidwe. Ntchito yaikulu ndi kufufuza za M'nyanja mu yamtendere, komanso kuwonongeka kwa mipherezero madzi ndi pansi pa nkhondo. Dziwani kuti njira zikuluzikulu zikuchokera mayunitsi m'madzi ndi sitima zankhondo za nyukiliya. Zida zida mokwanira lalikulu, ndicho mabomba ballistic ndi sitima mtundu.

panyanja ndege

Kwa anthu ambiri, kuli ndege apanyanja khalidwe losadziwika china. Anthu ambiri amasokoneza chigawo ichi ndi dzanja osiyana utumiki, umene ndi kulakwitsa. Dziwani kuti asilikali m'gulu la asilikali, bulu ndi ndege zankhondo. Gulu ili la dzina chomwecho mu dongosolo Navy ziribe kanthu kochita ndi zinthu lotsiriza la RF onyamula Zikuchititsa. M'madzi ndege ali ndi sipekitiramu wa khalidwe ntchito zinchito Mwachitsanzo:

- kulimbana mphamvu otsegula ya mdaniyo;

- kuzindikira kuukira pa mipherezero gombe ofotokoza mdani;

- kuonetseredwa kwa kunyanyala mpweya.

Choncho, panyanja ndege ndi gulu lapadera kukhazikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mwa ntchito sitima.

Features ya sitima Corps

Mbiri ya Navy wakhala inextricably zogwirizana ndi magulu chitukuko cha Asilikali. Mapangidwe ukukamba magulu dongosolo m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Ndipotu, mayunitsi n'cholinga kwa nkhondowo zochita ndi chikhalidwe cha ankafika nyanja. M'madzi Corps ankadziwika mu ulamuliro wa Peter Wamkulu. M'masiku amenewo chiwerengero cha mayunitsi zaka 20 zikwi ogwira.

Pakali pano, index izi pa kuzungulira 8000 anthu, omwe amafalitsidwa mu magulu akuluakulu anayi. Cholinga chachikulu cha Asilikali ndi ndegeyo opareshoni, ndiye yochepa dontho-kuchokera kugwira ntchito yeniyeni, komanso kuteteza nyanja komanso pamwamba maofesi magalimoto mwatsatanetsatane.

magulu Basic Navy

Flag panyanja zombo sangathe kuwona mu boma. Mphamvu ndi njira mbali ya zachitetezo amafalitsidwa malinga ndi kufunikira mwatsatanetsatane. Kunena mwachidule, magulu waukulu zili m'madera la Russia ndi osambitsidwa ndi madzi. Pa mfundo imeneyi, chinthu chofunika kwambiri lonse Russian Navy lagawidwa m'magulu awa osiyana:

1. zombo kumpoto zachokera White Nyanja asilikali m'munsi mu mzinda wa Severodvinsk. ntchito yake yaikulu ndi kuteteza zofuna za m'zigawozo la Russia mu gawo homonymous a dziko.

2. Pacific zombo zachokera makamaka kum'mawa kwa Russia, m'mizinda monga Vladivostok, Danube, Sovetskaya Gavan.

3. Baltic gulu lomwe lili likulu chikhalidwe cha Russia, St. Petersburg. Place bazirovki si zofunika kwenikweni mbiri chipilala. Pankhaniyi tikulankhula Kronstadt.

4. Caspian zombo zochokera Astrakhan ndi Kaspijsk.

5. Ndi nkhani ya gulu Black Sea, akuchokera mu dera limodzi nyanja. Ndi ili m'dera la zombo kale wokwatibwa ndi Ukraine Sevastopol. Tikumbukenso kuti gulu ali mokwanira zofunika Navy mwatsatanetsatane phindu. cholinga chake chachikulu ndi kuteteza zofuna za Russia mu Nyanja Black ndi Mediterranean. Black Sea zombo Commander lero - asilikali dzina lake Aleksandr Viktorovich Vitko.

Choyimira ndi mbendera ya Bulu la Chitaganya cha Russian

Russian Navy yophiphiritsira kulikonse mafunso ambiri ndi mikangano. Tikumbukenso kuti chizindikiro chachikulu cha zombo lero mbendera ake. Iwo oblique mtanda St. Andrew kukuonetsedwa. anthu ochepa mukudziwa kuti khalidwe pafupifupi zofanana kwa mbendera ya Scotland. Mbendera ya Navy wakhala chizindikiro cha 2001.

Russian Navy chizindikiro ali ndi wapadera ophiphiritsa apamtima. Ndi golide mphungu sitampu, maziko amene anawoloka anangula. chizindikiro ichi cha Russian Navy chimagwiritsidwa akuzindikiridwa ndi ntchito magulu onse okhudzidwa ya zachitetezo.

Pomaliza

Choncho, m'nkhani ife tayesera kuti tikambirane mbali zonse ndi mbali ya Bulu la Chitaganya cha Russia. Pakali pano, gawo ili la asilikali ndi imodzi mwa kwambiri mu dziko, limene limasonyeza mkulu mlingo wa mphamvu Russian asilikali ambiri.