Zovekera - ndi chiyani ichi? mitundu ya mavavu

Mawu akuti "zovekera" nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu nyumba malemba. mawu achilendo, ndipo zili zamalankhulidwe kungadzutse chisokonezo pakati pa anthu sankadziwa limatchula za tanthauzo lake.

Zovekera kwa yomanga

Lingaliro nthambi ya "zolimba" zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu a makhalidwe - structural ndi sayansi.

Choyamba ntchito mu nyumba zomangamanga. Analimbitsa simenti ndi osiyana monolith ntchito katundu yosavuta yochitira ndodo grids kapena scaffolds.

Mavavu, anaika pa mapaipi, kugawira ndi akulamulira utuluke madzi mu Intaneti wa madzi ndi sewerage. Chili mfundo izi magwiridwe. Zovekera - izi ndi zomwe zimawapangitsa gawo ntchito ya dongosolo wonse.

structural zolimba

nyumba Konkire ndi mtundu waukulu wa mankhwala nyumbayi. Konkire limatchedwa mwala yokumba. Iwo ali kukana kwambiri kuti psinjika, koma ndi mosavuta wosweka pansi mavuto ndi kupinda. drawback Izi likuchotsedwa lomenyera konkire zolimba zipangizo ndi mphamvu za katundu kwamakokedwe popanda imfa ya mphamvu. Progressive chitukuko cha makampani zomangira chikuwonjezeka mzere wa zovekera umafuna. Kuwonjezera ochiritsira zitsulo, amaphatikiza mu mankhwala polima, ndilo gulu zolimba. Kubwera kwa zipangizo zatsopano amalola kuti athe kuganizira momwe ntchitoyo mankhwala.

Mfundo kwa structural zolimba

Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo ndi mankhwala yomanga nyumba ndi nyumba ndi malamulo okhwima okhudza. ntchito Safe amafuna kugwilizana ndi mfundo mwakuchita akatswiri ndi wovomerezeka pa mlingo wa malamulo. Zitsulo zolimba adzakhala kutsatira GOST 10884-94, ndi Lamulo magawo thupi ndi luso zakuthupi. Gulu complies ndi zofunikira za GOST 31938-2012. Zitsulo zolimba kulowa msika, zambiri mwa mfundo chifukwa chokhazikitsidwa mafakitale m'munsi ndi chikhalidwe sayansi. Mwatsoka, zinthu zopezeka polymeric mwina ndithu kusintha ogula katundu amene amafuna mwatcheru mankhwala anagula. Pankhaniyi, zokonda ayenera mabizinezi, kupereka mbali zonse kwa iwo.

zitsulo zolimba

Zitsulo, amene amapangidwa kuchokera armature (GOST 10884-94) ndi mpweya ndi otsika aloyi. Kuonjezera guluu wolimba kwa thupi konkire ndodo amakhala ndi mbiri zodziwitsa, magawo a zimene zinatchulidwa mu muyezo boma. Mtundu wa zolimba ndi ambiri komanso kuphunzira. Zitsulo zolimba - mtundu chikhalidwe mfundo zolimba. Konkire analimbitsa ndi ndodo zitsulo, osayenera ndi maukonde, lotchedwa analimbitsa simenti. Kuyambira Pali pafupifupi onse zomangamanga, kuchokera ku maziko kwa mapanelo soffit ndiponso zinthu mafelemu nyumbayi. Chomera umabala osiyanasiyana lalikulu analimbitsa nyumba konkire zolinga zosiyanasiyana. Lero ndi amapeza anthu ambiri adzauka nyumba, imene ambiri a miyambo ya nyumbayi anapangidwa malo kapangidwe ndi kuthira simenti mkati mwa shuttering kuikidwa m'manda pamodzi ndi zolimba khola. Ngati fakitale kupanga zinthu zofunika ndondomeko kogwirizana ndi kuwotcherera ndodo, pamene zotsimikizira mu malo ambiri ntchito kumangako zolimba waya. Kuwonjezera nthawi zolimba mbiri, ndipo ntchito ndodo yosalala. guluu wolimba mphamvu zawo ndi simenti kapena matope ndi kwambiri m'munsi, koma nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito zolimba gladkokatanoy wolungamitsidwa.

konkire gulu rebar

yomanga Modern ikuyenda kwa mapulani zambiri expressiveness, ndi kuchepetsa ndalama. The zovekera polima timatha inu kuchita bwino kwambiri. An ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya ma polima ndi poyerekeza ndi zitsulo ndi kulemera kwambiri m'munsi ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri. Zikuphatikizapo basalt, mpweya CHIKWANGWANI, fiberglass rebar.

Mphamvu katundu zambiri upambana polymeric mphamvu zitsulo zolimba. Ngati chitsulo, gulu zolimba kungakhale zodziwitsa ndi mbiri zonse. Komabe, ntchito yake katundu ali makhalidwe yake. Mosiyana ndi zitsulo, fiberglass zolimba si ikuyenda, ndipo pamene pazipita kololeka katundu chiwonongeko yomweyo ya mchitidwe wa.

Zitsulo gulu ndi chimene kusankha?

Khalidwe ntchito simenti zikusonyeza kuthekera chinyezi vavu pa ming'alu kutsegula mu nkhani ntchito mu kupinda ndi kutambasula. Mwachibadwa, zimenezi kumaonjezera ngozi ya imfa ya mphamvu ndi amachepetsa moyo utumiki wa nyumba. Pamene concreting kapena zomangamanga m'nyengo yozizira zitsulo amaloŵamo kanthu aukali zina chisanu, amene amalenga mosavuta ntchito utachepa. zipangizo Polymeric amalola kupewa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha dzimbiri pa zinthu kubala ndi nyumba. Kupanga zolimba amapereka. Komabe, nsanganizo ndi zizindikiro koipa pa moto, mofulumira kutaya mphamvu pamene usavutike. Ang'onoang'ono mavavu kulemera kwa gulu ili ndi katundu wokongola ndi munthu ndi nyumba otsika-nyamuka, monga ulamuliro, si wotetezedwa hoisting makina. ndalama yafupika mayendedwe ndi kayendedwe ka malo yomanga ndi kuchuluka chogwirika.

Chalk payipi

Osiyanasiyana ntchito zolimba kuti mapaipi yaikulu kwambiri. Izo ntchito kulikonse pa Intaneti ang'ono-awiri mu siaboma ku mankhwala chachikulu mafakitale. Payipi mavavu pa Intaneti yogawa chofunika kukumana mfundo zapamwamba za chitetezo komanso lodalirika ntchito. zinthu izi network kaphatikizidwe amafuna zotsutsana n'kovuta kwambiri kasinthidwe. Mwachitsanzo, mavavu ayenera kulimbana hydrodynamic mantha, kukhala wodalirika kwa diameters lalikulu chitoliro. Choncho, nkhani yabwino ambiri amaona zitsulo sanali akakhala monga mkuwa ndi mkuwa, kulola kuti apange nkhani milled ndiponso kuumbidwa wa kusinthasintha kwambiri. Komabe, iwo ndi kukwera mtengo ndi otsika durability. Choncho, zitsulo ntchito, chitsulo ndi ma polima monga zipangizo zomwe zolimba amapangidwa. Mlengi amatitsimikizira magawo opaleshoni ya mankhwala kuti amalola kuti musankhe mwanzeru zakuthupi ina.

Ma polima mu Intaneti ukhondo

Kufalitsa zovekera pulasitiki chitoliro linapereka kwa zikamera pulasitiki kapena kwambiri kuchuluka kwa zigawo pulasitiki. Wotchuka kwambiri ali ndi mtchalitchi ndi gawo payekha. The mwayi wakuti wogwidwa ndi zipangizo zimenezo, kupatula kulemera ndi pakalibe dzimbiri a mipope ndi kulumikiza zinthu. Mipope zipangizo polymeric angakhale kutalika pafupifupi zopanda malire, mosiyana ndi mulingo wa zitsulo. Iwo mwachilungamo mosavuta kugwirizana ndi mnzake mu njira zosiyanasiyana.

Kuwotcherera wa ma polima zochepa yolemetsa ndi fireproof, poyerekeza ndi zitsulo kuwotcherera. Kuwonjezera pa kupanda dzimbiri, polima mapaipi ndi zovekera sali pansi pakhale madzi ndi Intaneti Kutentha mpweya tingayambe overgrowing danga mkati ndi kuchepetsa awiri ogwira. Lekani mavavu, kugawa ndi ena yakwera piping ndi njira ntchito zida zimfundo chitoliro.