Akasupe a Rome: dzina, ikulongosola za

Akasupe ku Rome zaka zoposa zikwi ziwiri, mumzindawu azipeza madzi akumwa ndi kukongoletsa malo ake. Zonse mu City Wamuyaya, pali zoposa zikwi ziwiri akasupe, ndi makumi asanu a iwo - ndi yaikulu, ndi mazana - zamitundu ang'onoang'ono.

Akasupe Kale ndi Kubadwa Kwatsopano

Pa Roma mu 98 BC, pa kazembe Kodi Sextus Julius Frontinus ankaona Mtetezi wa madzi mzinda. Pa nthawi imeneyo, Rome anali ngalande naini inanyamula madzi abvundulidwa 591 pagulu kusambira. Madzi adaperekedwa kwa nyumba ya mfumu, mu Villa a anthu payekha ndi 39 akasupe zazikulu. Aliyense kasupe anali olumikizidwa kwa ngalande ziwiri zosiyana. Ngati mmodzi wa iwo unatha kupereka madzi, akasupe yaikulu ku Roma anapitiriza ntchito. Zidaleka wokongoletsa mzinda ndi kugwa kwa Ufumu wa Roma.

M'zaka za m'ma XIV Papa Nicholas V, munthu wophunzira kwambiri, adalamula mazanamazana a Mabaibulo kuchokera Greek ndi Latin kuphunzira ntchito ya ngalande ndi akasupe. Iye anaganiza kukongoletsa mzinda likhale woyenera likulu la dziko la chikristu. Choyamba, iye anayamba kumanganso imawonongeka Chiroma ngalande inanyamula madzi kutali woyera kumzinda (mtunda - 13 km), ndi kutsitsimutsa mwambo wachiroma amalize kumanga ngalande za taonera zikamera lalikulu chikumbutso kasupe. Iye analangiza LB Alberti kumanga kasupe makoma, imene tsopano mu Trevi Kasupe, komanso mabwalo. Alberti chikuwonjezeka, anasintha ngalande Acqua Vergine, amene anadzazidwa kasupe. Analinso madzi wotchuka Baroque kasupe mu Piazza del Popolo ndipo Piazza Navona.

Mu Kubadwa Kwatsopano, mmodzi wa akasupe choyamba mu mawonekedwe a mbale yozungulira pa pedestal linamangidwa pa malo ya Santa Maria de A Trastvere. Iye anakhala chitsanzo ku malikulu ambiri a kumadzulo kwa Ulaya.

Baroque

Mu XVII ndi XVIII zaka zambiri, mapapa anapitiriza m'maulendo ngalande ndi kukhazikitsa akasupe zambiri Rome. Ali odzazidwa ndi ziboliboli chongoyerekezera, wodzala ndi kutengeka ndi kayendedwe. Mu ziboliboli awa ndiwo mbali yaikulu, ndi madzi ntchito chitsitsimutso chawo ndi yokongola.

Akasupe wotchuka nthawi kuti

• Akasupe m'bwalo la St. Peter ndi Carlo Moderno (1614) ndi D. L. Bernini (1677).
• Triton Kasupe mu Piazza Barberini (DL Bernini, 1642)
• Piazza Navona - lalikulu zisudzo wa madzi, wopangidwa mwa akasupe atatu.
• Trevi Kasupe anali ayenera kukondwerera apapa atatu: Clement XII, Benedict XIV ndi Clement XIII. The wamanga amene anagwira ntchito wofuna anali Nicola Salvi. Ndi zimenezo, alendo kuponyera ndalama kubwera kuno.

Masiku amenewo, akasupe ku Rome, ntchito mchikakamizo yokoka. madzi inali pamwamba kasupe. Tsopano iwo ankamangidwanso, ntchito yokoka ndi mapampu makina.

chombo madzi

Fontana Della Barcaccia ku Rome ili pa Plaza de A España. Papa Urban VIII mu 1623 ndi Pietro Bernini sanauzidwe kumanga kasupe latsopano kuti adzapitiriza kukometsera City Wamuyaya. Malinga ndi nthano, mu 1598 mtsinje Tiber anasefukira Rome ndipo anabweretsa bwato laling'ono pakati pa lalikulu. Izi anauzira wamanga kulenga ndi ntchito zachilendo. Sculptural kasupe limene chovala mikono ya banja Barberini pokumbukira makolo a Papa Urban VIII, amene analengedwa mu mawonekedwe a sitima madzi. The madzi mfundo zake zisanu udzathiridwa mu dziwe laling'ono. Yomanga inatha mu 1627. Mu Zakachikwi izi m'menemo imachitika kubwezeretsedwa.

Kasupe wa Neptune, 1572

Poyamba, kasupe, chomwe ndi mbali zitatu, anamanga ku dera la kumpoto Piazza Navona, sanali chosema umodzi. Koma Patatha zaka mazana atatu, m'zaka za m'ma XIX, izo lowonjezera ndi zoumba zochititsa kaso. mbali kumpoto zikusonyeza nyanja mulungu, amene akumenyana ndi nyamayi (ziboliboli - Antonio Della Beatty). Wazunguliridwa ndi akavalo nyanja, tritons ndi mermaids. Kumapeto kum'mwera kwa Chithunzi Moor kumenyana ndi dolphin a. Gregorio Zappala losema "Nereids ndi cupids ndi walruses." Pakati pawo, pakati, ndi kapangidwe wamkulu wa DL Bernini - Kasupe wa mitsinje inayi (zaka 1648-1651). Iyenso akuyenera kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane. Imafotokoza ngati mtsinje wa anthu m'makontinenti anayi. Africa ndi Nile chithunzi, Asia - Ganges, Europe - ndi Danube, America - La Plata Mtsinje, m'malire a dziko la Uruguay ndi Argentina. Koposa zonse paima Aigupto obelisk sikisitini meters. Iye chokhala ndi mtanda ndi chizindikiro cha Pamphili banja, kudzera mwa Papa Innocent X. banja lawo yachifumu anali pa Piazza Navona. Kasupe wa mitsinje inayi - wanzeru chilengedwe cha Bernini, ndi kukwapula ulemerero, ukulu ndi Kugwirizana kwa ziwalo. Mogwirizana ntchito luso anakopeka naye alendo ambiri.

Kasupe yaikulu

Kasupe wotchuka mu Rome, anamanga mu Baroque Trevi otchedwa. Iye waima pamphambano misewu atatu (tre akupikisana), kutanthauza mapeto mfundo. Zimamveka mothandizidwa ndi namwali ndi Aroma anapeza chitsime cha madzi abwino. Chinthu ichi ukufanizidwa pa wapakamwa wa kasupe uyu. Pa njira imene Papa Clement XII m'ntchito zake kubwezeretsa inayamba mu 1732 ndipo patatha zaka makumi atatu pambuyo pake. Ambiri a nyumba anapangidwa wa travertine mwala anawasema pafupi Tivoli.

The Trevi Kasupe ali pafupi ndi wapakamwa la nyumba Polly ndipo pozindikira iye wonse. Ku kagawo kakang'ono chapakati masamba Neptune. Iye wakhala pa zikamba za nkhono lotengeka newts ndi akavalo nyanja ndi michira nsomba. Pa mbali ya kasupe chokongoletsedwa ndi zithunzi chongoyerekezera: Wochuluka amatayika madzi urn ake Salyubriti akugwirizira chikho limene njoka zakumwa. Anatsalira anasonyeza kupeza Aroma madzi oyera ntchito atsikana. Kodi nyumba yachifumu wamphamvu zikuwoneka ngati Trevi Kasupe. Rome, Italy, odzikuza dongosolo izi zazikulu, anamasulidwa ndi kulipilira sitampu odzipereka kwa iye. Ndi wokongola makamaka madzulo ndi usiku, pamene kuwala buluu akugwira ntchito, ndi alendo kuli. mkokomo wa madzi relieves kutopa ndi MINYEWA okondwa.

Miniti iliyonse, kutaya ndalama mu izo. Pokhulupirira kuti tiyenera kutaya dzanja lamanja pa phewa kumanzere. Pa chaka, pali zikwi zitatu mayuro, amene ntchito subsidize ndi golosale kwa osowa Roma.

Kenako, Chitaliyana Kubadwa Kwatsopano

Piazza Mattei pakati pa zaka 1580-1588 mwa wamanga Dzhakomo Della Porta ndi ziboliboli Taddeo Landini Kamba kasupe inamangidwa. Mkuwa kamba pamwamba pa mphika beseni anaponyedwa kapena DL Bernini kapena Andrea Sacchi ndipo anawonjezera kuti mu 1658 kapena 1859.

Anafuna kupereka madzi akumwa kwa Aroma ndi amadziwika ukhondo wake. Madzi mwa ngalande kuchokera Center m'mudzi mwa mapiri ku Albania.

Icho chinali chimodzi cha akasupe ochepa chosamanga kuti Papa ndi anthu, woyang'anira Muzio Mattei. banja osunga ndalama zake 'kunayamba oyambirira nyengo ya Aroma.

The banki ankafuna Fontana ili pafupi ndi nyumba yake, kulipira ndalama za kayendetsedwe ka ntchito yomanga ndi kukula kwa malo pafupi ndi nyumbayo.

Kasupe ndi opangidwa ndi nsangalabwi African m'mbale pa pedestal, umene wazunguliridwa ndi kanjedza mkuwa la anyamata anayi achinyamata ndi anamgumiwa eyiti. Wachinyamata aliyense apuma phazi mutu dolphin ndi dzanja akugwirizira m'mphepete mwa woumba lapansi. Madzi a nzimbewo akugwera mpaka woyamba, zifika mu mbale ndipo anatsanulira kuchokera mkamwa ya dolphin mu lakuya, ndiyeno lalikulu lalikulu kusambira dziwe.

munditumizire

ndemanga wake woyamba chinapangidwa mu 1900s ndipo tinagula William ndi Etel Krokerom kwa malo Hillsborough ku California.

Mu United States pali makope anayi Fontana Delle Tartarughe ku Florida, San Francisco, California ndi Nyuporte.

Kulankhula ziboliboli wa Rome

Kuwonjezera pa akasupe mwachizolowezi mu Rome ndi "kulankhula." Kawirikawiri ali pafupi ndi makoma, ndi mwa iwo anthu pochitika, molondola kusamutsa, zolemba ndi mnzake ndi zomwe zili zosiyana. Chitsanzo ndi kasupe del Babuino ndi Fachino.

Kukongola Roma akasupe oimba ouziridwa ndi ndakatulo, amisiri ndi Opanga filimuyi, mapulani ndi Osema. The City Wamuyaya sikutheka kuti awulule mu ulendo wina zinsinsi zake zonse. Pali malo ambiri okongola. Mungathe Rome yekha kuyendera onse akasupe ake. Ayi, ndithudi, sangathe kuwona iwo, koma ena a iwo mpaka kalekale. Zazikulu ndi zazing'ono, odzichepetsa komanso pretentious, onse a iwo - zosemasema. Aliyense amene ali kulingalira osachepera mbali yaing'ono ya izo, chidwi ndi iwo.