Alcobaça ansembe yotchedwa: ulendo ku Portugal

Ngati anapita pa ulendo wopita ku Portugal, ndiye muyenera kukaona agulupa ya Alcobaça. Nkhani yathu yaifupi tikambirana za mbiri ya mabungwe achipembedzo. Izi obisika Cistercian lili ang'ono Chipwitikizi m'tauni ya Alcobaça. Idamangidwa ndi mfumu yoyamba ya Portugal - Afonso Henriques - mu 1153. Onse zaka 9 zovuta wakhala inextricably zogwirizana ndi mafumu lachifumu la Portugal. Mu 1989, UNESCO analembetsa agulupa ya Santa Maria de A Alcobaça mu World Heritage mndandanda wa tanthauzo lalikulu m'mbiri komanso luso.

kukhazikitsidwa kwa obisika ndi

Pamene 1147 mfumu Chipwitikizi ndi asilikali ake anagonjetsa Asilamu otchedwa a Moor, anaganiza kumanga obisika mu ulemu wa kupambana nkhondoyi. Koma ntchito yomanga inayamba zaka zambiri, akuti mu 1178, pamene Chipwitikizi dera anadza agulupa ya Cistercian Order. Choyamba, Chimonko woyera ankakhala nyumba matabwa, koma 1223 ndi dongosolo la chipembedzo anasamukira ku nyumba mwala. Ndipo 1252 zinatha yomanga kachisi.

M'zaka za m'ma XIII, iwo anamaliza kumanga mpingo Gothic. Zinali Inandithandiza mbiri ya ntchito yomanga ya agulupa ya Alcobaça ku Portugal. Mu theka lachiwiri la m'zaka XIII akutsegula masukulu pa madera ake. Ambiri ansembe ntchito m'minda ikuluikulu ulimi. Ndipo komabe, m'zaka za m'ma XIII-XIV mu obisika anali m'manda a mafumu kulamulira. Today anasunga manda a anthu monga Afonso II wa, Afonso III wa, Pedro Choyamba, Beatris Kastilskaya ndi Ines de Castro. Iwo kugona tulo wosatha mu manda Gothic.

Century yophunzitsa ndi chiwonongeko

Mu XVIII m'ma pa dera la obisika zovuta zasintha kwambiri. malo ake kukodzedwa kwambiri. Chimonko awonjezera malo atsopano, ndi nsanja, imene ndi pafupi ndi nyumba ya mpingo. N'zosadabwitsa kuti akale nyumba kalembedwe anapulumuka. Koma, mwatsoka, mu 1755 panali chivomezi chachikulu. Komabe, kodi si kuwononga kwambiri anakhudzidwa yekha ena zinyumba, komanso vestry.

Koma uwu si ngozi zoopsa kwambiri, malo okongola a moyo. kuwonongeka zikuluzikulu agulupa ya Alcobaça anali pa Napoleonic Nkhondo. asilikali ake anagonjetsa mmodzi wa olemera ndi laibulale yaikulu kwambiri anawononga manda ndi potentha mkati mwa mpingo. Mu 1834, ndi dongosolo la chipembedzo cha Chimonko anali kusungunuka, ndi chifukwa kuti iwo anasiya obisika. Choncho, tsopano ndi chimodzi mwa chidwi kwambiri yokongola komanso yotchuka alendo ku Portugal ano.

Ndipo zimene zili mkati?

Mkati ya agulupa ya Alcobaça modzichepetsa. yomanga ake zinachitika popanda zokongoletsera. Choncho, zimaonekeratu chifukwa ziboliboli pa dera la obisika ndi ochepa kwambiri. Ofunika kwambiri awa ndi fano la Virgin Mary - Namwali Mariya. Nyumba zikuluzikulu paima tchalitchi, izo ziribe naves atatu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti malo amafikira, ngati ngalawa. Pamodzi imodzi makoma awiri onse pamodzi dongosolo, pali arches. Amazing anthu.

The transept (transept) ndi manda a mafumu a Peter Woyamba ndi mbuye wake Ines de Castro, amene anavomereza mkazi wake atamwalira. manda awo zinalengedwa mwa olemba osadziwika. The padziko lonse luso m'dera asamalira nyumba mwaluso za chosema Gothic. Chinthu ndi manda a Peter Woyamba pa enieniwo zifaniziro za mikango, ndipo manda a thandizo la mkazi wake ndi poluzveri polumuzhchiny. Mfumu mbali zinayi kumanda ali chokongoletsedwa ndi ziboliboli, ndipo amajambulapo zithunzi zosiyanasiyana m'Baibulo, mu nkhani makamaka ku moyo wa St. Bartholomew. kumanda akazi ali chokongoletsedwa ndi zithunzi za ku moyo wa Mwana wa Mulungu.

zipinda zina

Ndi dera, agulupa ioneka ali malo okhalamo ambiri. Zikope tcheru cha alendo yopemphereramo wa St. Bernard, limene lili mu mbali ya kum'mwera ya agulupa ya. Mozungulira ndi chosema, ndilo ntchito zabwino za m'ma XVII. Land pafupi ndi nyumba yopemphereramo zoyenera Mafumu Afonso thupi.

Monga taonera, chidwi cha alendo a obisika ndiyenso gulu la mafumu amene anamanga kalembedwe Gothic Chitsitsimutso. Pali manda a anthu amalamulira pa nthawi ya mafumu ndi olemekezeka. Koposa zonse waima manda a Mfumukazi Urakki, amene anamwalira mu 1220. manda wazunguliridwa ndi ziboliboli, omwe amasonyeza kuti atumwi.

Tcheru ziperekedwe ndi chipinda chimene Chimonko anatenga chakudya chawo - refektory. Mu Chimonko woyera izo chinakhazikitsidwa kotero kuti pamene abale onse kudya mmodzi wa iwo kuwerenga Baibulo. Kumene kumakhala Amonke ammudzi ndi yaikulu Gothic holo. N'zosadabwitsa kuti palibe selo limodzi lokha. Abale onse ali m'tulo mu chipinda chimodzi chachikulu. Koma abbot anali nawo malo osiyana.

Kitchen obisika komanso kuliganizira. Makoma ake munali matailosi kokha m'zaka XVIII. madzi aukhondo ndi nsomba zokodwa mu chipinda chodyera kudzera njira wapadera umene unachitika mizu yake mu mtsinje Alcoa. Ndipo ngakhale mu khitchini anali chapakati chitoliro-nyumba, izo imayendetsedwa ndi mizati zitsulo 8.

The mode zikugwira ntchito ya agulupa ya Alcobaça

Agulupa zovuta amatenga alendo tsiku lililonse kuyambira m'mawa mpaka madzulo. October-March: kuchokera 9:00 kuti 18:00. Mu miyezi yotentha zovuta akuthamanga ola yaitali. April kuti September: kuchokera 9:00 kuti 19:00. Tatseka: January 1, Isitara, May 1, August 20, 25 December.

The tikiti pakhomo ndalama zokwana mayuro 6, koma ngati mukufuna kukaona amonke itatu, ndiye iwe uyenera kugula tikiti zimagwira zomwe ndalama zokwana mayuro 15.

pepala wathu zinatha. Alcobaça amonke Portugal - zabwino kwambiri, wofatsa ndi zachinsinsi malo. Si kale linakhalanso. Today mukhoza kukaona zambiri m'chipinda konsati, yomwe imachitika mwa mpanda wa agulupa lapansi. A ulendo wosangalatsa!