Kumeza chisa. zisa mbalame

Friendly dzuwa, wofatsa mphepo, woyamba, sadzachitanso maso, maluwa ... Inde, ndi kudzutsidwa anu onse ankakonda chikhalidwe - kasupe. Ndi mthenga woyamba wa kudza masika mbalame pochokera nyengo yofunda. Iwo anayamba mwakhama akonzekeretse zisa zawo kawetedwe. Ndipo ngati mbalame kusiyanitsa masika kwa dzinja liri lofewa zokwanira, ndiye chisa kudziwa makamu si kophweka.

The harbingers woyamba wa kasupe

Za mbalame kufika m'chaka, iwo amati kusukulu. Spring mbalame kuuluka m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, ndipo woyamba kuonekera mbalame. Ngati inu kuyandikira mbalame tikhoza kuona mmene mbalame ndi wokongola: zimene malankhulidwe osati kuponyedwa nthenga wake! Ndipo wobiriwira, ndi wofiira, zofiirira, ndi mutu wokometsedwera buluu "kapu". Finch noticeable patali mikwapulo woyera pa mapiko ndi kumbuyo.

Pambuyo mbalamezo kuuluka thrushes, ndipo mu Russia, mu gulu pakati, mbalame woyamba amaonedwa Makwangwala Olimbana. Ndiye, m'mapaki angapezeke phwiti, gorihvostok ndi varakushek. Mbalame yodziwika ndi nthenga yowala wachikuda, Mwachitsanzo, Bluethroat buluu m'mawere ndi phwiti ndi nthenga mitundu yonse - ndi wofiira, ndi buluu, wobiriwira, ndipo ngakhale wofiira.

Mbalame iliyonse akuyesera kuti abwerere ku chisa chake chakale. Kumeza, kufika mu April, nazonso. Kumeza anthu Russian amakondedwa kwambiri ndi kulemekezedwa. Ndi iwo zokhudzana ndi zikhulupiriro zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chakudya zouluka otsika pansi, izo zimatanthauza kuti posachedwapa padzakhala mvula. Nest kumeza anthu amafuna kuteteza mpaka masika lotsatira.

Mbalame ndi zisa zawo

Mfundo zodabwitsa, koma mbalame zimatha kumanga zomangamanga kwambiri odzitukumula. Koma monga momwe ife, anthu, mukudziwa, momwe chisa cha mbalame?

Space, anakonza nthenga kwa dzira kuika, osiyana ndi mzake, ndi zina kwambiri kwambiri. Koma mitundu yonse ya mbalame chisa akhoza kugawidwa malinga ndi malo awo:

1. Ground zisa. Nyumbazi zimamangidwa makamaka udzu, masamba ndi nthambi zazing'ono. Mu Russia mu nthaka "lathyathyathya" moyo snipe, grouse ndi mbalameyi.
2. Nest mu mapiri. Pamalo mtunda miyala, iwo ali omangidwa Mbalame zodya nyama, monga kabawi lapansi.
3. Pa mitengo. Zonse zimene mungapeze, kumanga zisa ikakhala otsika kasupe wathu mbalame - mbalame ndi Mbalame. N'zochititsa chidwi kwambiri kuti mipata ndi "simenti" maziko ya dongo ndi mchenga.
4. Pa madzi / m'maenje. Zochepa wamba chisa, koma kukhala malo mu miyoyo ya ena mbalame. Choncho pa madzi terns moyo wakuda, ndi akubisala m'dzenje - kadzidzi ndi woodpeckers.
5. Sandy kamakumba una. Ena mbalame milomoyo kukumba nokha dzenje mchenga, ndiyeno kubweretsa udzu kapena udzu. Ikukhala ngati namzeze ndi chisa ndi gerbil.
   

Kodi kusiyanitsa ndi namzeze kwa mbalame zina?

Momasuka kumeza ochepa, ndi mutu waung'ono. Yoteroyo ndi waufupi ndi woonda. Amuna ndi akazi amasiyana mtundu, koma nthawi zambiri kwa apoyera, kusiyana ndi imperceptible. Nthawi zambiri ndi kumeza ikuchitika mu mlengalenga, koma iwe ukapita pansi, inu mukhoza kuwona momwe gait awo zosamveka. mbalame kudya tizilombo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti akhoza kusaka okha ndege.

Mbali yaikulu ya kunja kwa Amameza ndi mchira forked kuti akufanana ndi legeni.

Mbalame chikhalidwe wochezeka, ndi mbalame zina satero nkhondo, ndi anthu a mtundu wawo, ndipo sangagone pafupi. Ngati anaukira ndi chakudya zikuluzikulu mbalame yolusa, ndi kumenyana osati molimba mtima, koma mpaka posachedwapa, adzateteza zisa. Ngati zitsulo azidzapereka njira mphaka kapena munthu, dziwani: mbalame pang'ono amafuna kuteteza chuma chawo.

mitundu ya kumeza

N'zovuta kupeza munthu mu Russia, yemwe anali mu moyo wanga ndinawona namzeze. Koma osati kuti namzeze angapezeke pa gawo la Chitaganya cha Russia, akukhalabe pano kuposa mtundu umodzi. Mu dziko lathu, pali 7 mitundu ya mbalame:

1. Dziko (wakupha) namzeze. Dzina mukhoza ndikulingalira: mbalame zimenezi bwino kwa anthu a m'mudzimo. Ife kumeza kumbuyo wakuda kwathunthu ndi khosi ndi pamphumi ndi red-bulauni mithunzi. Nest namzeze ndi m'mudzi wa udzu, dongo, n'zosadabwitsa nthenga ndi tsitsi, lomwe ndi limodzi mwa zinthu kwambiri cholimba mbalame.
2. Red-rumped namzeze. Iye ali pang'ono ngati chakudya cha mitundu m'mbuyomu, koma mchira wa izo ndi nthenga zingapo wakuda yaitali. N'zosadabwitsa kuti nthawi zina dreary red-rumped namzeze nyimbo Zikundikumbutsa meowing mphaka, kapena mphaka wamng'ono.
3. Coast namzeze. Sand Martin kumeza pafupifupi laling'ono kwambiri pa mitundu yonse alipo. Mulomo yochepa chabe ndi olimba, koma unremarkable coloration - imvi bulauni zikuuluka.
4. Small namzeze. Kunja ofanana kwambiri kwa Sand Martin, koma mbalame zing'onozing'ono. Kawirikawiri kuwuluka mozungulira mapeto a August, koma kubwera kwa kumeza yaing'ono olembedwa kumapeto March - oyambirira April.
5. Mountain namzeze. Limatchedwanso miyala. Mtundu izo akufanana bulauni, koma amapereka modabwitsa unatengera mchira, amene bwino ndinawona mu ndege.
6. Waya-tailed namzeze. Choncho mtundu uwu umatchedwa chifukwa amuna mchira ali awiri yaitali ndi zopyapyala, ulusi-ngati nthenga. Mu namzeze waya-tailed ngati kunyezimira chifuwa woyera ndi mutu lalanje.
7. White-fronted namzeze. Namzeze ali ndi mtundu wakuda ndi buluu zachitsulo Sheen. Mwatsoka, Russia, izo zinalembedwa pang'ono ndithu mitundu, kotero ornithologists ambiri sakuzindikira kuli Amameza m'dziko lathu.

Ndi kutali mitundu yonse analipo a kumeza. Koma ngakhale mndandanda kochepa, mukhoza kupanga pa nkhani zosiyanasiyana awo.

Places kumeza kufalikira

Barani kumeza mosavuta opezeka kulikonse Russia. Koma Sand Martin, n'kosavuta kuitana kumene sikutheka kupeza: ku Australia ndi Antarctica. Ryzhehvostye kumeza moyo pa gombe la nyanja ya Baikal, komanso mu South Italy ndi Sicily. M'nyengo yozizira, iwo, monga ambiri a Amameza popita ku Africa ndi India.

Eurasian Thanthwe Martin amakhala okwera. Mu Russia, ili ndi dera la Caucasus ndi Crimea. White-fronted namzeze angapezeke mu North America, ndipo nyengo mu America South ndi Mexico.

kumeza chisa kuti?

Kumeza amagwira kwambiri malo, kukonza dzira kuika. Pamene mbalame kumanga zisa, malo awo ndi malo okha amene kumeza kumbukirani. Mwachibadwa, ndi akhungu kuti ngati namzeze akubwerera kudyetsa anapiye ndi zisa sadzakhala mu malo omwewo, izo adzayamba kudya zolakwa za ena.

Barani kumeza wakonda osati kuuluka kupitirira mudzi kapena mudzi, choncho nthawi zambiri chisa kumeneko. Nthawi zina zinsomba azolowere anthu ndi chisa bwino pansi rooftops lapansi. Kumeneko, n'zosavuta kupeza chakudya, ndipo palibe kutetezedwa mphepo ndi mvula.

Coast ndi kumeza yaing'ono chisa kukamwa madzi kukumba maenje mu mchenga. Iwo amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, ndi madera.

Eurasian Thanthwe Martin wakonda kumanga chisa mu mapiri kapena miyala, kutali ndi anthu, phokoso. Ngakhale pali mwake inali mkati mwa mpanda wa nyumba zoduliratu ndi ngalande. Ake chisa chikho woboola pakati wamangidwa dongo, udzu ndi malovu.

Mating kumeza nyengo

Kumeza mating nyengo chimakhala cha May kuti August, ndi nthawi iyi yaikazi zimapangitsa mazira awiri. Mu zowalamulira limodzi - mpaka mazira 7. Patatha milungu iwiri, anapiye kuonekera. Patapita masabata 3 mu chisa, anapiye timatha kuuluka, choncho anayamba kudya okha. Akazi kusankha amuna awo kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo posankha motsogozedwa ndi kutalika kwa mchira: aamuna Umapeza ndi mchira yaitali.

Nthawi zina amuna nyengo mbeta. Ndiye, atabwerera kwa dzinja iwo amayamba kuthandiza mabanja ena mu chisa nyumbayi ndipo ngakhale kudyetsa anapiye.

Zizindikiro kugwirizana ndi kumeza

Pa chimodzi cha zizindikiro tatchulazi: ngati kumeza kuwuluka otsika, zikutanthauza kuti kukhala mvula. Koma pali ena. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chakudya kumanga chisa pa ntsoyi ya nyumba, m'nyumba moyo wabwino ndi anthu okoma mtima. Koma ngati akudya mavuto ndi chisoni adzazunzidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Ngati inu kuwononga chisa namzeze ndi, ndiye nkhope kuoneka madontho madontho - ndi chidwi kwambiri chizindikiro. Ngati kumeza kufika kale kuposa masiku, kotero chaka idzakhala yobereka zipatso. Ndipo ngati inu kutenga mwala ku chisa cha mbalame, adzakhala ngati chithumwa ndi chithumwa.