Alpine longhorn kachilomboka - kachilomboka wokongola kwambiri

Chikumbu ili banja la barbel ndipo ndi membala chabe wa mtundu Rosalía ku Ulaya. Mtundu uwu wa chidina iye anabwera nthawi yathu kuchokera kutali kale, otsalafe nyengo zingapo miyala. Alpine longhorn kachilomboka - lalikulu kwambiri ndi modabwitsa wokongola kachilomboka. Mwatsatanetsatane limafotokoza nkhani.

maonekedwe

kachilomboka Izi zimaoneka chidwi kwambiri. Iwo ali mbali yaikulu: m'litali kwa 15 40 mm, kwambiri thupi la mtundu wakuda, koma aposa ndi buluu, buluu kapena buluu imvi khungu, loyang'ana kaso. kumbuyo ikusonyezedwa ndi wakuda chidutswa a m'mphepete chapamwamba pakati, m'mbali mwake ndi yosamveka ndi lakuthwa waminga kugundana mbali ya chimbale cha. elytra lathyathyathya ali chokongoletsedwa ndi mdima chitsanzo choppy (kafadala kuleza nyanga ndi popanda) pakati pa gulu lonse, ndi pa malo pa mapeto. Pa yaitali kwambiri tinyanga kachilomboka: wamwamuna ali kawiri kutalika kwa ng'ombe, ndi yaikazi wamfupi elytra kupita zigawo ziwiri zokha; Mitundu ndi buluu, ndi mikwingwirima yopingasa wa bristles wandiweyani wakuda.

malo

Izi wokongola mwachilungamo ambiri. Ku Ulaya, angapezeke lonse, kuyambira Alps ndi Pyrenees ndi kum'mwera kwa dziko la Switzerland, komanso Moldova, Belarus ndi Chiyukireniya Carpathians. Asayansi anatsimikizira kuti Alpine miyoyo longhorn kachilomboka ku Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, kumpoto Iran, m'mayiko ena a Caucasus. Mu Russia malo ake amanena za Voronezh, Rostov, Samara, Chelyabinsk, Belgorod m'madera Krasnodar ndi Stavropol Magawo, ndi Bashkortostan, Chechnya, Ingushetia, Karachaevo-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria ndi Crimea.

Alpine longhorn kachilomboka wakonda deciduous ndi kusakaniza nkhalango, amene kukula mumamera Elm ndi hornbeam zomera. M'mapiri zikukhazikitsa pamalo okwera mamita 1500 pamwamba pa nyanja.

njira ya moyo

Wamkulu barbel pambuyo wintering nkhuni kuzungulira pakati pa June. Kuwuluka mpaka September, ndiyeno yambani kufunafuna malo a phe, ndipo mu October kachiwiri kupita pansi makungwa pa yozizira yotsatira.

Amadyetsa mtengo kuyamwa, gnawing mabowo mu makungwa a mumamera Elm, popula, mapulo, hornbeam, chestnuts, walnuts, mapeyala, msondodzi, linden mtengo hawthorn ndi hardwoods ena. Pakuti moyo wa mitengo anasankha akale, nthawi zambiri lawola kapena kuonongeka ndi bowa moto, chisanu, nkhuni. Iwo amakonda lotseguka, m'madera bwino anayatsa, zomwe kuchokera kumbali zonse usavutike dzuwa. Mu nyengo mitambo, kubisala, ndi bwino - mwachangu kuthamangathamanga mitengo ndi kuwuluka. Mwa njira, izi kukongola - amakwera ndege kwambiri ndi asilikali: ngati ali munthu amaukira wokangalika kutsalima ndi zibwano zawo wamphamvu.

Masharubu - lalikulu kachilomboka ndi mitundu yowala ndi garish. Komabe, sikuti kumuletsa kuti chinthu chabwino. M'chilengedwe n'zovuta zindikirani tizilombo, pamene akukhala bwinobwino pa mumamera ndi, merging ndi khungwa imvi. Komanso, mawanga akuda pa thupi kumuthandiza "kutha" mwa kuwala kuwala ndi mthunzi mbali.

Alpine longhorn kachilomboka - payekha, koma nthawi zina chikumbu kusonkhana touluka lalikulu. Asayansi sangathenso koma kuyankha funso la pamene izo zikuchitika, ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani muyenera izo.

kubalana

Pambuyo mating, akazi kutchera mazira mu ming'alu makungwa ndi fissures pa mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo yakale pa msinkhu wa mamita atatu ndi asanu. Mphutsi kutuluka pakatha milungu iwiri, ngati mmene amachitira a nyengo yabwino. Ngati dzinja lili mvula ndi overcast, mphutsi akhoza zimaswa mu mwezi. Lalikulu (mpaka 40 mm m'litali ndi 8 mm m'lifupi), minofu, lalanje ndi kulemba yoyera pronotum. Atabadwa bwino "tili m'mavuto" mwakuya mu thunthu. Apo iye gnaws yokha "mchikuta", kumene kwasanduka pupa a.

Kuchokera pupa mu kutembenuka wamkulu kumachitika kokha mu chaka wachitatu kapena wachinayi, pamene kachilomboka wachinyamata osankhidwa mtengo kunja. Ndicho Alpine Mitundu barbel, kapena Alpine wokwera.

chitetezo

Ngakhale m'dera lonse kugawa, ali pafupi kutha Rosalía longicorn. The Red Book a mayiko ambiri, kuphatikizapo Russia, ali ndi mbiri kuti kachilomboka ichi ndi chosowa mitundu chidina, ndi kukuteteza boma. Pafupi kutha, iye anali mu Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary, Germany ndi Poland. anthu ake khumi zapitazi anakana zikuchepa mu Belarus, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Ukraine. Ndi kovuta kuonana ndi wokongola yowala kachilomboka ku Moravia ndi Balkans.

chifukwa ndi lophweka: yaikulu ndi kusalankhula kudula mitengo, makamaka deciduous ndi kusakaniza, komanso losasamala kugwira kafadala monga Rosalía longicorn - aziti iyeyu n'ngwabwino bokosilo okhometsa amene kulipira ndi mayuro mazana angapo.

The mabungwe ndi mukumwa miyeso kusunga chikhalidwe mu kachilomboka yowala ndi zodabwitsa - izo zalembedwa mu European List Red, ndi Red List wa Union la International kwa Conservation ya Nature, kulondera mu nkhokwe ambiri.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Alpine longhorn kachilomboka wakhala chizindikiro cha National Park "Danube-Ipoly" mu Hungary.

Chikumbu aisadza awo elytra miyendo yakumbuyo, pamene simukulankhulanso akulu akulira phokoso ngati tickles.

Pa mating nyengo barbel mokoma akulira ndi madona ndi zimatulutsa zikumveka aukali kwa mpikisano.

Tafotokozazi, izo zikuwoneka ngati mwambo Alpine longhorn kachilomboka (Rosalía alpina). Koma nthawi zina pali nsikidzi mu chikhalidwe mitundu ina: koyera wakuda popanda buluu kapena pinki chivundikirocho. Mwina Swedish kafukufuku Karl Linney, amene anali woyamba kufotokoza, anakumana pinki barbel, wotchedwa mtundu wa "ya m'mapiri Rosalía".

Tsopano inu mukudziwa chomwe Rosalía longicorn, chimene chimaoneka, kumene miyoyo ndi kuchulukana.