American yopeka wolemba Norton Andre: yonena ndi ntchito

Norton Andre ndi mkazi wamkulu wa zopeka, mu kulemba wanga wonse ntchito walandira mphoto zambiri chifukwa cha ntchito yake. Mayi wina otchuka moona. Chifukwa cha cholembera ake anabwera za zana ndi zonse zitatu za mabuku, ndipo lembani anapitiriza pafupifupi mpaka imfa yake (anamwalira iye anali mu m'badwo kwambiri akale, zaka 93).

wolemba mbiri

Norton Andre kuyamba kulemba ntchito yake anali ndi dzina chosiyana - Alice Mary Norton. Iye anabadwa mu 1912, pa February 17 mu US (Ohio, Cleveland Town). Dzina la abambo ake anali Adalbert Wonse Norton, ndipo iye anali kampani imene tikugwira ntchito makalapeti. dzina mayi ake anali Bertha Stemm, iye anali wapabanja, ndipo mayi ake kenako anathandiza wolemba kukonza zolakwika ntchito.

Little Alice sanali mwana yekhayo, iye anali ndi mlongo wake, amene anali zaka zoposa khumi. Mwina ndiye chifukwa kusiyana mu m'badwo wa alongo sanali pafupi kwambiri. Ndiponso, wolemba tsogolo sankalankhula ndi anzawo, m'malo kuwerenga mabuku. Tikumbukenso kuti m'nyumba ya Norton kuti anasamala mwapadera. Mlungu uliwonse banja anapita mulaibulale yakumeneko komanso mayi Alice kuyambira mwana ubwana anayamba kuwerenga mabuku ndi ndakatulo. Kale m'tsogolo pamene wolemba tsogolo kupita kusukulu, makolo mphoto mabuku ake phunziro labwino. Zonsezi wakhala zimakhudza tsogolo la Norton wamng'ono.

Pamene ndinali kuwerenga pa sukulu Alice anayamba kulemba nkhani yake yoyamba, amene anali kufalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala sukulu khoma (anali mkonzi zolembalemba pa izo). Inali pa nthawi iyi, ndipo buku lake loyamba linalembedwa, zimene linasindikizidwa mu 1938. phunziro ake anapitiriza anapitiriza mu 1930 Mlanduwu Western Reserve University. Mu izo, iye anaphunzira mpaka 1932. Mu chaka chomwecho iye anapita kukagwira ntchito monga mabuku mu Nottingham laibulale ku Cleveland. Iye anagwira ntchito kumeneko kwa pafupi zaka makumi awiri.

Ndiye iye wowerenga kwa Martin Greenberg zaka zisanu ndi zitatu (kusindikiza nyumba "Gnome Press"). Pamene mwamaliza ntchito ndi izo, Norton sanali kumuyembekezera ndalama okhazikika, ndipo anapitiriza kulemba mabuku, kwathunthu kuthera yekha kwa ichi. Mu 1966, wolemba anasamukira ku Zima Park mu Florida monga thanzi lawo. Apa iye anakhala mpaka 1997, kenako anasamukira ku Tennessee ku Murfreesboro. Ndi apa kuti ankakhala masiku onse a moyo wake. Wolemba anamwalira mu 2005, ndi chinayi wa March. Iye anali zaka makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu zitatu.

Kupeza kulenga ntchito Norton

Buku loyamba, amene anamasulidwa Norton mu 1934, anakhala buku la nkhondo, "lamulo Prince Mulungu." Potsatira malangizo a ofalitsa awo m'chaka chomwecho, wolemba anatenga pseudonym Andre. Iwo anakhulupirira kuti kotero kukopa kwambiri mabuku, imatulutsidwa Norton (nkuti, akazi musati akuyamwitsa panthawi imeneyo). Andre Norton, amene mabuku ndi zina zambiri, mu 1947, anayamba kulemba mabuku a nthano. The woyamba anali tinachita "Anthu a Chigwa cha." Kuyambira pamenepo, walemba oposa zana ndi ntchito makumi atatu.

mphoto ambiri wolemba

Norton Andre ntchito yake yolenga walandira mphoto zambiri. Tikungotchula zofunika kwambiri a iwo.

• Mu 1964, mlembi anali asankha kuti pa linapereka Hugo kwa buku yabwino (izo asankha ntchito "Witching World", zinalembedwa chaka kale).
• Mu 1965, Norton anali kupereka mphoto ya Association of m'gululi American.
• Mu 1977 anakhala wopambana wa Hugo Mphoto ( "Gandalf", "Grand mbuye maloto").
• Mu 1979, wolemba anakhala laureate a "Balrog" mphoto. oweruza kupereka zikayenda wake wonse.
• Mu 1983, Norton anali asankha kuti mphoto "Balrog" chifukwa cha kuphunzira katswiri wa zaka makumi asanu kulemba.
• Mu 1984 anakhala laureate wolemba Nebula linapereka, "Grandmaster".
• Mu 1987, iye anakhala wopambana wa Fantasy linapereka World.
• Mu 1997, Nyumba Omveka yopeka ndipo fenetezi.
• Mu 2002 anakhala wopambana wa South-East sayansi zopeka mphoto chifukwa cha ntchito kuti polemba chinenero chimenechi.

Komanso, Association American kwa yopeka olemba Andre Norton analemekeza mutu wa Grand Master. Mpaka pano, iye akanali mkazi lokha.

mkombero ntchito "Witching dziko"

Akukhulupirira kuti dongosolo - mmodzi wa wotchuka kwambiri, zomwe zinalembedwa ndi Andre Norton. Books mmenemo achuluka (ndalama zoposa makumi atatu). Komanso, zimene zimachitika palokha zina ogaŵikana angapo angapo. Tiyeni tione iwo.

• "Estkarp" "(Fairy mfiti dziko", "Witching World," "zitatu ndi wizarding dziko," "Web wizarding dziko," "mfiti wizarding dziko," "Malupanga zitatu" ndi zina zotero. D.).
• "Mwambo wizarding dziko." zosonkhanitsira Izi zikuphatikizapo buku "Magazi Chimphamba", "kangaude silika", "achule Grimmerdeyla", "Sand Sisters," "The cholowa cha quagmire Sorn," "Lupanga la kusakhulupirira", "Changeling."
• "Halleck High" ( "The Chaka chipembere", "Crystal Griffin," "Nthano ya Spellbound World", "Lamba wa kambuku wa", "Temberero Zarstora", "Griffin kupambana", ndi zina zotero. D.).
• Kuphatikizanso ndi mndandanda wa "kusintha kwakukulu", zimene zinaphatikizapo ndi "Zinsinsi za dziko witching."

A mndandanda wa mabuku, "Stargate"

zino amatanthauza mphete ndewu Zongoganizira ndipo imakhala mabuku awa:

• "Opaleshoni" Search Time ".
• "Mphambano za nthawi."
• "Fufuzani pa mphambano za nthawi."
• "Stargate" (bukulo linalembedwa mu 1958).

A mndandanda wa mabuku "wopanda khalidwe malonda"

Nkhani mabuku, nkhani za Zopatsa la Kanani ufulu amene sitimayi mwa malo lotseguka wa chilengedwe chonse. Bukulo limafotokoza nkhani ya Zopatsa awo ndi mmene kuthana ndi adani m'njira zawo.

• "Akapolo nyenyezi."
• "Flight kuti Yiktar".
• "Koopsa kosaka."
• "Abale mithunzi."
• "Moon mphete atatu."

List of ena amagwira ntchito Norton

Kumene, tatchulawa mndandanda - osati onse zimene zalembedwa mu ntchito yanga lonse monga wolemba Andre Norton. Anali ambiri. Tiyeni tione ena mwa iwo. Mu mankhwala "Star Hunter" ndi za mnyamata wamng'ono amene sanaonekenso pa kugwa kwa spacecraft mu nkhalango. Yang'anani kwa anayamba pokhapokha uthenga kuti iye ndi wolandira ndalama zochuluka zazikulu. Koma zimakhala zosavuta m'malo mnyamata atakula kwa ena, amene si ufumu. ndi Zopatsa onse a awa akhoza kuwerenga mu bukhu "Star Hunter".

Zotsatirazi ndi mabuku chidwi kwambiri kuti (mndandanda ndipo bukhu ndi mndandanda).

• A mndandanda wa "Mfumukazi ya Sun". Bukuli ntchito zimenezi wotchuka ngati "Sargasso wa Space" ndi ena.
• A mndandanda wa "kusintha kwakukulu" (amaphatikizapo ntchito otsatirawa: "doko anataya zombo", "Ukapolo", "Hope Chimphamba" ndi ena.).
• "Tembenukira kwa maso a opal."
• "Fungo Magic," "mphepo pa mwala."
• "Iron khola."
• "Pali usiku popanda nyenyezi."
• "Prince malamulo."
• "Mwana wa munthu Nyenyezi."
• "Chuma cha mtundu wosamvetsetseka" ndi ena ambiri.

Pomaliza

Monga tikuonera, Norton Andre moyo wokongola wotanganidwa ndi analemba zambiri za ntchito, amene werengani mafani zambiri za upamwamba polemba chinenero chimenechi. Ngati inu mukufuna kuwerenga bukulo kuyamba ndi wotchuka kwambiri, iwo ali otsimikiza kuti inu mukufuna.