Ancient Athens - chopunthira chikhalidwe cha Agiriki

Umodzi mwa mizinda wokongola kwambiri ndi wotchuka wakale ndi chuma amphamvu, mwayi kunyanja, akachisi okongola - Ancient Athens dzina la mmodzi wa yaikazi kwambiri wolemekezedwa wa Greece, Athens. The Greek Olympus, iye anali kudziwika monga woyang'anira za nkhondo, sayansi, ntchito zamanja, ndipo ankasiyana nzeru zapadera. Mudzi, dzina lake polemekeza mulungu ameneyu kudzipereka ku ukulu ndi mphamvu ya woyang'anira wake.

zikamera

Likulu la Greece wakale zapita pa malo lapamwamba phiri - pa Acropolis. Malinga ndi nthano, mu 1825 BC. e. mfumu yoyamba ya Attica, Kekrop anamangidwa pamwamba pa Acropolis linga, kusanjika malo awa mudzi. Popanda kuloŵerera kwa milungu anatenga yomanga imeneyi. Athena anakangana ndi mkulu wa nyanja ndi nyanja, Poseidon, pambuyo amene mzinda wotchedwa ndi amene anali kukhala woyang'anira wake. Oweruza zitsulo milungu wapamwamba Olympus lotsogoleredwa ndi Zeus. Nawo milungu anapatsidwa ntchito: ". Ndani mphatso zothandiza kwa anthu a mzinda, adzakhala woyang'anira wake" Poseidon anapereka Ancient Athens dzuwa anakantha mikondo ya mano atatu wake mu thanthwe, ndipo Athena, amakankhira mkondo pathanthwe anabweretsa kwa Agiriki mtengo wa maolivi. Milungu ya Olympus anali kuumirira kwa lino Poseidon, koma wamkazi ndi woyang'anira Kekrop anathandiza nkhondo. Athena anapambana mkangano ndi sikunapite pachabe, chifukwa pansi zothandizira mipingo yawo wake wa Athens akwaniritsa mkulu zachuma, zandale ndi chikhalidwe chitukuko. Ndipo polemekeza Poseidon underdog Ahelene anamanga kachisi posachedwa. m'tawuni unakula kwambiri chifukwa wasamuka thanthwe ake abwino anthu amene anakakamizika amasamuka chifukwa cha zankhanza zonse mafuko woyendayendawu.

The heyday wa Athens

Mkulu chitukuko cha mzinda inafika nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Pisistratus. Mwambo wankhanza umenewu koma wochenjera mfumu ankaganiza kuti kunali anthu aulesi zingawononge mphamvu zake ndipo amatha kusonkhanitsa anthu kupanduka. Kuti pamene uli yaikulu msika lalikulu inamangidwa msika, amene adadza kwa ogula padziko lonse. Trade kwa Agiriki anali zosavuta, monga iwo ndi Anthu a mtundu chilumba, mwayi nyanja. Agriculture ndi nyama husbandry sanathe kusiyanitsa Ancient Greece. Athens anali nazonso, chifukwa chachikulu ichi chinali pamwamba miyala ya dziko limene kanthu unakula. Koma pa malonda Ahelene amazipeza zonse. Pisistrat mfumu omanga wotchuka: Apollo ndi Kachisi wa Olimpiki Zeu anamangidwira kuti muulamuliro wake. Kachisi wa Apollo, iye anali nthawi idzathe koma malo a Zeu anapitiriza kumanga Antiochus IV Epiphanes. Koma tsoka sanali kachisi anamanga mu nthawi yochepa. Roman wogonjetsa Yosunga kukawononga, ndi kokha kazembe Adrian anamaliza kumanga.

Mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti anali Pisistratus maziko a kachisi wotchuka - Parthenon. nkhani yake ndi zochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Sakhalitsa ndipo anawonongedwa ndi Aperisiya, ndi wolamulira yekha Pericles anatha kuimanganso. Ntchito pa kachisi wokongola ndi wolemera anandiitana ku ziboliboli wotchuka Phidias, wolemba mmodzi wa zodabwitsa Zisanu wa Dziko - fano la Zeus Olympic. chosema wake wa Athena anali wokongola kwambiri kuti olamulira kodi mumayenda kumanga nyumba zina pa Acropolis.

Tikakhulupirira anapeza ofukula amene anaphunzira mano a zotsalira za anthu a m'nthawi imeneyo, Athens anawonongedwa ndi mliri, kapena, monga iwo ukutchedwa, wa tayifodi, yomwe ili mkati umo mu zaka 430-423. Chifukwa cha ichi osachiritsika matenda atatu alionse boma anali atafa, iye anagwa mzinda wotchuka - Ancient Athens.