Annelids: kufotokoza mwachidule mtundu

Annelid mphutsi - gulu mwachilungamo yaikulu ya zamoyo nyama zonse zopanda mafupa. Komanso, iwo ndi nthumwi kwambiri bungwe mphutsi. Zimapezeka makamaka madzi atsopano ndi mchere, ndiponso m'nthaka. Ena otentha amenewa mitundu ndinazolowera ndi mode lapadziko aliko.

Lembani Annelida: makhalidwe ambiri

Makulidwe a osiyanasiyana gulu kuchokera millimeters ochepa mpaka mamita asanu. Ndithu khalidwe mbali ndi kukhalapo izi kugawanika chamoyo - thupi lawo wapangidwa kwa kuchuluka kwa mphete, ndipo n'chifukwa chake dzina la mtundu. annulation kunja limafanana ndi kugawanika mkati. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake thupi anavulala kapena kuonongeka annelid wotaya chabe zigawo zingapo, lomwe posapita nthawi ndinachira.

Kunja kwa thupi ali ndi cuticle, amene si bwererani. Kuyambira kukula chitin bristles - china khalidwe la uyu gulu la ziweto. Akuluakulu pa zigawo kungakhale parapodium - m'malo wosazindikira miyendo, zomwe zina zili ndi bristles tcheru kapena makutu.

Annelids: mbali structural ziwalo mkati

Oimira wa mtundu uwu amakhala ndi pamaso pa sekondale thupi M'mimbamo - coelom. M'mimbamo limeneli lili ndi madzimadzi makamaka chifukwa Chithandizo milingo yachibadwa chilengedwe mkati.

Pali khungu-akulu chikwama chomwe mipira epithelium ndi minofu yagawidwa mphete ndi kotenga gulu.

Dongosolo m'mimba ndi mtanda kudula, pakamwa limayamba komanso limatha ndi chotulukira lapansi. Annelids Magulu atatu a intestine ndi - kutsogolo, pakati ndi kumbuyo. Mu mitundu ina anapanga malovu zopangitsa achikale.

Kupuma thupi kudzera pakhungu. The kuchotserapo yekha ndi ena mitundu m'madzi nyama imene parapodia makutu ili. Koma m'thupi, kaŵirikaŵiri kutsekedwa. Amakhala ventral ndi dorsal msempha, amene inakula ziwiya annular. Mtima mu zinthu izi mulibe - kayendedwe ka magazi kupereka kuchepetsa mu dorsal msempha. Magazi roundworms Mwina amapanga zosiyanasiyana inki kupuma.

Mantha dongosolo akadali wosavuta. Mu kumaso kwa thupi ndi lalikulu mitsempha ganglion, omwe amagwira ntchito ubongo. Iwo anachoka ku mchombo ku ubongo, zomwe ndipamene ganglia yaing'ono lililonse gawo la thupi - kudzikundikira manyuroni. Maso ali kuperekedwa kudzera maso, matupi mankhwala osiyanasiyana ndi mechanoreceptors, omwe amafalitsidwa mu thupi la mphutsi ndi.

Annelids: zimaonetsa kubalana ndi chitukuko

Zamoyo a gulu akhoza kukhala kwa mwamuna ndi mkazi ndi hermaphrodites (zambiri n'kukhala). Mwachitsanzo, unyolo ali dongosolo androgynous abereke, koma ndi koyenera kuti umuna wa anthu awiri. Iwo angayambe onse mu chilengedwe ndi kumayambiriro umuna mu njira wamkazi wa mumtima.

Ndipotu ina chidwi ndi nyongolotsi segmented ndi kugawanika kutchulidwa ali ndi chizolowezi mofulumira ndi tima kusinthika. Chifukwa izi kwa mitundu ina lililonse la asexual kubalana. Development wa zamoyo mwachindunji, popanda metamorphosis.

Tikumbukenso kuti udindo wa annelids ndithu waukulu. Mwachitsanzo, odziwika bwino unyolo ndi amene aeration wa nthaka. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo ndi amenewa, omwe kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala amakono. mtengo wapadera ali hirudin umatulutsa leech, monga thins magazi ndi ntchito odana thrombosis ndi matenda ena oopsa.