Mfundo voteji mu Intaneti magetsi

Inu nthawi zonse amapezeka nthambi iliyonse ya ukachenjede mtundu wa Echo akale, womwe ndi mutu kuwalitsa mtundu wa mbiri ya chitukuko cha malangizowo. Ndipo ochepa mukudziwa kuti mmodzi kapena ena mfundo luso ali kutali kukhala, kuwasiya, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa kubadwa kwake likutchulidwa wina, nthawi zambiri wodalirika kwambiri, zamakono patsogolo sitepe. Mwachitsanzo, sizachilendo kumva mawu akuti "atatu gawo voteji" mwa magetsi mawu "mzere voteji", "okhazikika" kapena "AC voteji" ndi maina ena ambiri ndi mawu akuti "maganizo".

Poyamba, monga thupi mtengo voteji limanenedwa ngati kusiyana kwa zimphamvu za kuthengo magetsi kuti sangathe kuchita ntchito pa gulu mlandu magetsi kuchokera ina kumunda wina. Mu mlandu mphamvu kusamutsidwa munda chimadyedwa Komabe, phindu lake, kapena nthawi yeniyeni, kusiyana angathe yafupika ziro. Mu leni chatsekedwa dera kwa kayendedwe ka milandu magetsi amaliona ngati panopa magetsi - zotsatira za kayendedwe ka elekitironi mfundo imodzi unyolo wina. Kuti sanasinthe, m'pofunika kukhala zonse voteji kusiyana. Monga amadziwika, ntchito yokonza pano mu dera la "amadziŵa" magetsi. Kuyambira ndi kuona ngati ziliri pa dera adzakhala nthawi zonse, mwachitsanzo, sasintha ukulu wake ndi malangizo, kapena variable, kusintha malinga ena lamulo. Mawu akuti "mzere voteji" n'zomveka okha Intaneti ya alternating panopa.

Ambiri ntchito okonza magetsi analandira AC voteji sine yoweyula. The pazipita mtengo voteji atawapempha oscillation matalikidwe Ua. Pakuti voteji ntchito wagawo zina - pafupipafupi F ndi gawo ψ. pafupipafupi anatsimikiza ndi nambala ya oscillations pa nthawi wagawo ndi gawo - ndi nthawi kuchepetsa wa zofanana mfundo kugwedera. Kotero yaitali, mawu akuti "gawo" anatchedwa, ndi mzere mphamvu AC voteji, ngati m'gulu la magawo ambiri - zambiri atatu. Zitatu gawo maukonde anali kupambana wina wa luso magetsi ndi ndi ubwino ambiri kuti sangathe pochitika. Ndipo zofunika ambiri a iwo - izi ndi mwayi lophweka zoona, popanda khama aliyense kupeza onsewo maginito - mfundo zikuluzikulu za ntchito galimoto iliyonse. The atatu gawo dera kusiyanitsa pakati pa gawo ndi gawo voteji, ndi mbali zake lagona kuti aliyense wa magawo ndi kuchepetsa ndi kulemekeza ena awiri +/- 120 madigiri. Jenereta gawo voteji ndi linanena bungwe windings, amene amapanga mwachindunji gawo kosangalatsa. Aliyense wa windings ali kutha ndi chiyambi: N1-K1, K2, H2, H3, K3. Mu dongosolo atatu gawo, pali zinthu ziwiri gawo kugwirizana - "nyenyezi" ndi "ankadziwana".

Pamene kulumikiza ndi "nyenyezi" malekezero onse olumikiza ina - "mapeto 0" ndi kuyamba kutumikira malekezero osachiritsika a jenereta ndi chipangizo athandizira kwa zikundithandiza iwo. Mu dongosolo wotereyu mzere voteji - ndi phindu anayeza pakati awiri aliyense wa malekezero linanena bungwe la H1, H2, H3, ndipo amatanthauza Ulin. Pali khalidwe lina la atatu gawo - gawo voteji. Iwo amaimira Uf ndi anayeza pakati pa mfundo "0 linanena bungwe", ndipo aliyense wa kubwereketsa umatha K1, K2 ndi K3. Kusiya zambiri, tisaiwale kuti, zochokera phasor chithunzi kwa maukonde atatu gawo, ubale pakati voltages izi Ulin = Ѵ3 * Uf. Pamene kulumikiza "makona" malekezero a windings ndi ogwirizana mu mphete: K1-H1-H2-K2-K3-K1-H3. Aliyense pawiri 'kumapeto - kuyamba "ndi linanena bungwe, ndi mmene mzere voteji chosiyana ndi gawo, i.e., Ulin = Uf. N'zochititsa chidwi kuyerekeza pakati pa voteji zonse Udir ndi matalikidwe alternating voteji Ua, mwachitsanzo, zochokera mphamvu yomweyo kwaiye mu katundu. Pakuti Pankhaniyi Udir = Ѵ2 * Ua.

Ndicho chifukwa kwa zaka zambiri akhala wambirimbiri kudziwa za chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe cha magetsi, ndipo mwakachetechete yosavuta mfundo "maganizo" amamuonera mawu okhudzana, imatithandiza kugwiritsa ntchito zochitika zachilengedwe zosowa anthu.