Ntchito za medulla oblongata, ndi mbali zina za hindbrain ndi

Pachikhalidwe ndi mayeso mu thunthu mu mayunivesite omwe siali a chipatala za funso za hindbrain ndi kutsatira nambala pazipita zolakwika. Zachitikiranji zimenezi? chakuti dzina ili ndi mayunitsi a misinkhu yosiyanasiyana. Ngati munthu, ndi hindbrain otchedwa daimondi ubongo, lachiwiri - maphunziro pang'ono, chimene chiri mochitika dzina la hindbrain (kuphatikizapo mlatho ndi cerebellum). Tangle mapangidwe oyamba wachiwiri n'zosatheka, chifukwa gawo lachiwiri la woyamba.

Hindbrain - ndi dongosolo ambiri zakale, chikupezeka ngakhale zokwawa. Mu anthu, amachita ntchito yosavuta kuposa zokwawa chifukwa ntchito zovuta kutenga maphunziro atsopano - sekondale ndi forebrain. Komabe, pamene mukuwerenga za hindbrain ndi, simutopa kudabwa momwe pafupi mtundu wina ndi mzake ndi kuonetsetsa kuti zonse moyo ndi lozikidwa pa mfundo dongosolo lomwelo, kokha chipangizo kwambiri mitundu ya zinthu payekha zovuta.

ntchito hindbrain m'lingaliro yotakata (timakumbukira kuti mu nkhani iyi "kumbuyo" - lofanana ndi "diamondi-mphako") ndi yosiyanasiyana, zikuphatikizapo ntchito ya medulla oblongata, pons ndi cerebellum. Yabwino kuyamba zokambirana ndi nkhani ya medulla oblongata, chifukwa gawo ili mwachindunji ndi chingwe msana ndi modabwitsa akale.

Choncho, ntchito ya medulla oblongata n'zotheka kukhala magulu awiri. Choyamba, kapangidwe makhalidwe ake zikhumbo ku "wamng'ono" ndipo kuchokera medulla pamwamba, ku malo ambiri odalirika. Komabe, pali gulu lina la ntchito - ntchito chenichenicho cha medulla oblongata, lili zolinga zake mwini, chimene ndi malo hindbrain mulibe kuwunika kwambiri. Izi dipatimenti - udindo "yoimba" imene kamodzinso sichikunditsutsa "wamkulu" ndi akukumana ndi "tekuchkoj". Kodi ntchito za medulla oblongata ali ndi yoyenda yokha?

Choyamba, pali maselo zili mpweya woipa mu magazi, izo zimatipanga ife kupuma osati kusowa kwa mpweya ndi muyeso wa carbon dioxide. Choncho, ngati munthu amakakamiza yekha kupuma kwambiri kwa kanthawi, mpweya imatenga nthawi yaitali kuposa masiku, ndi kupuma imathetsa. Kenako munthu akuona kusowa kwa mpweya. Ganizilani mmene mukumvera pamene dokotalayo anafunsa kupuma kwambiri - zambiri pambuyo chizungulire popeza kuti anatenga kwambiri carbon dioxide, ndi kupuma ndi Samatilimbikitsa. Medulla nawo ulamuliro wa kudzoza ndi atapita, ngakhale ali yaing'ono "Mutu" - mlatho umene uli kayendedwe kupuma.

Kachiwiri medulla mbali oblongata monga kulamulira ntchito mtima. Mu malo kubwera zilakolako za mitundu onse kachitidwe batire. gawo Wachifundo amachititsa yolimbikitsa ya anachita pa umphawi wadzaoneni, ndi parasympathetic - yopuma ndi kuchira. Zikuonekeratu kuti iwo akulamulidwa ndi mtima, kufulumiza kapena liwiro mungoli lapansi. medulla A akuthandiza agwirire ntchito zawo. Komabe, "pamwamba" timu yake angadze ku malo maganizo a ubongo - ndondomeko subcortical, kenako amafulumizitsa kugunda kwa mtima chimaonekadi.

Kachitatu, pali likulu vasomotor, omwe amachita ndi anzawo. gawo ili mwachangu mogwirizana ndi mbali zina za ubongo monga ubongo imene imalamulira kutentha, koma mu zinthu zachilendo medulla kupirira paokha.

Lachinayi medulla oblongata wakhala chakuti ife si kawirikawiri amadziwa. bongo titadziwa, ie, kutsokomola, kusanza, sneezing, Pomeza.

Tiyeni tionenso mbali zina za hindbrain, ndi kulankhula za hindbrain enieni. gawo lake - mlatho - mu kusintha kwa kudzoza kwa atapita ndi mosemphanitsa. Palinso malo awiriawiri angapo misempha cranial. Ntchito cerebellum wa - kugwirizana kayendedwe ndi galimoto kukumbukira (pamodzi ndi malo apamwamba).

Monga tikuonera, diamondi woboola pakati ubongo imagwira ntchito yofunika ubongo, kuti ndi koyenera kuti apulumuke iliyonse chachiwiri. Choncho, ubongo chitetezo vuto la kuwonongeka kwa malo amenewa.