Ndipo pambuyo pa zonse, amene anapanga mowa wamphamvu?

Mpaka pano sitikudziwa motsimikiza amene anapanga mowa wamphamvu. Malinga ndi mwambo wa mwathu muno, vysokogradusny chakumwa ndi kale Russian, amathandiza kuti adzawulule zosiyanasiyana za moyo Russian. Komabe, Europe ndi ngakhale ndisanamvepo kuti ndi choncho, ndipo m'mayiko ena kulimbana oopsa chifukwa amadziwidwa "mayi" vodika mtundu. Mwachitsanzo, mayiko Baltic, amene amadziona pachikhalidwe "vodika ufumu", amanena kuti mowa wamphamvu zikhoza kupangidwa kokha kwa mbatata tirigu, pamene "mowa wamphamvu" atsopano - Italy, France, Spain - amafuna kuti mowa wamphamvu kuzindikira chakumwa chilichonse pamaziko a ethyl mowa, yomwe inamangidwa ku zipangizo zirizonse yaiwisi chiyambi masamba.

Mu 2006, chaka chomwecho kuti "mowa wamphamvu" kuukira anagwirizana Scotland, umene akufuna ku Nyumba ya Malamulo ku Ulaya kulola ulimi wa mphesa mowa wamphamvu ndi Beet shuga. The zifukwa izi pa ndewu onse aakulu kumvetsa, ngakhale kutali wosakongola ku mfundo za chikumbumtima cha view - kutchuka kwa kumwa zikuchulukirachulukira chaka ndi chaka achinyamata - voliyumu ya malonda a mowa wamphamvu ndi biliyoni 12 madola chaka .. Ndi zopangira pano - osati zoyambitsa ndithu si nkhani awiri. Ndi mtundu wa za ulemu, koma kuti choonadi mbiri. Mwachitsanzo, funso la amene anapanga mowa wamphamvu, Poland anayankha molimba mtima kuti ndi iwo okha, chifukwa asayansi m'dera anali nawo posachedwapa anapeza kuti mawu «wodka» anali woyamba kutchulidwa 1405 mu Polish olembedwa zikalata. Kalanga, Russia, ngati mwadzidzidzi aganiza kuti agwirizane pokambirana kudzakhala cholionetsa Poland monga kutchulidwa kwa chakumwa opezeka Novgorod Mbiri okha kuchokera 1533.

Amene anatulukira vodika: Chiphunzitsochi 1

Pazifukwa zina, Ine ndidaganiza kuti ndikhulupirire kuti mowa wamphamvu ndi bambo wotchedwa Dmitry Mendeleyev, wasayansi wamkulu wa dziko lathu. Wina limamveketsa pamene iye anali mu zolemba pamaphunziro ake anamuuza kumwa 38 madigiri mowa wamphamvu, pamene ena amati mutu wa ntchito ya sayansi anali osiyana kwambiri. Ndipo lomaliza ndi oonadi. Scientist mu ntchito yake monga kuwunikira mbali zonse za ndondomeko pawiri mowa ndi madzi ndi kukhazikika empirically kuti ngati ambiri ethyl mowa mu amadzimadzi njira ndi 46%, ndiye pazipita mwagwirizana kuvunda kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu ziwiri. Ndipo kanthu kalikonse! No maphikidwe kuphika mowa wamphamvu Mendeleev ndi ntchito sanali kupereka.

Amene anatulukira vodika: Chiphunzitsochi 2

Malinga ndi nthano ina, mu 1430, wansembe wa Chudov obisika, Isidore, atalenga kwambiri Chinsinsi Russian mowa wamphamvu. Chimonko, ndi maphunziro ndi distilling wabwino zida, anali woyambitsa chakumwa latsopano ndi madigiri mu Russia.

Amene anatulukira vodika: Chiphunzitsochi 3

Nthawi zambiri, mowa mu maonekedwe ake angwiro wakhala analandira ndi Aarabu zaka 7-8. N. e. Ndipo cha m'ma 11 Persian nzeru zapamwamba, dokotala, ndipo, ndithudi, alchemist Al-Razi anabweretsa zimene anatchedwa pambuyo mowa wamphamvu ndi.

Pali umboni anecdotal, koma ali ndi ufulu moyo ndi Baibulo kuti akazembe Genoese mu 1386 anabweretsedwa ku Moscow ndi mowa wamphamvu woyamba, umene unkatchedwa "Aqua Vitae" kutanthauza "madzi a moyo." Russia ake anayamba kuitana mkate ndi vinyo ndi kusinthidwa kubala tirigu, rye, balere.

Chibwenzi, ife sitikudziwa amene ali woyambitsa wa mowa wamphamvu, munthu ayenera zikomo ndi temberero pa nthawi yomweyo. Koma m'mbiri yonse ya mowa wamphamvu akanali mfundo yamphamvu kuti anthu ambiri ayesetsa kuonetsetsa kuti bwino kukoma kwa kumwa, kutsirizitsa sayansi ya ulimi wake, kufuna kusintha khalidwe. Mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi dziko lero umabala mowa wamphamvu zake miyambo chowawa (Czech Republic, France, Spain), mpunga (South-East Asia, Thailand), apurikoti (Croatia, Hungary), mlombwa (Ireland, England), mphesa (Italy, Cyprus) , nsungwi (Indonesia), koumiss (Buriatia Kalmykia), hemp (Czech Republic), zoumba (Israeli), nkhadze (Mexico) ndi ena.

Amene zidule yekha ndi nthano si opanga lengezani mankhwala anu mowa wamphamvu. Choncho, zaposachedwapa zambiri zabwino kumva chakumwa zotere mowa wamphamvu ndi siliva. Pomwepo anakumbutsidwa kuti zitsulo ichi mwangwiro amapha mabakiteriya ndi mavuto ena. Chabwino, amene sakufuna kumwa ndipo komabe akhale ndi thanzi? Komabe, ngati ndikukumbukira umagwirira pang'ono, n'zotheka kuzindikira kuti ndalama mowa ilibe, ndi mowa wamphamvu palokha - ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwambiri ndi wothandizila antibacterial. Chabwino, kumwa ndi siliva ndi zokongola cholinga ndi mtengo botolo la mowa wamphamvu pansi zomwe Mlengi bwinobwino mpaka collectible wotumizira sitampu nthawi ya Russian Ufumu wa siliva mkulu amasankha. Ngakhale asatipusitsenso, koma zabwino.