Mbalame ubongo: kapangidwe ndi ntchito

Ubongo - ndi yang'anira chachikulu cha zinthu zonse zinchito za chamoyo, komanso zochita zake khalidwe amene umalimbana kusinthasintha kwa zinthu kunja kwa moyo.

Medulla oblongata ndi kupitiriza kwa chingwe msana. Iwo ali imvi vuto linali kunja ndi zinthu zoyera ili mkati. Confluence a matupi khungu la manyuroni mu medulla kupanga maziko. Medulla - ndi chiwalo chofunika kwambiri. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwake ndi kuphwanya zochita somatic ndi autonomic reflex ndi imfa akupezeka chiwonongeko cha izo. Medulla amachita introducer ndi reflex ntchito. ubongo nthawi bongo zotsatirazi: mtima, mtima kamvekedwe, kupuma, kutsokomola, sneezing, salivation, Pomeza, chapamimba ndi pancreatic katulutsidwe, kusanza, kagayidwe kachakudya, pom'ng'amba, kuphethira ndi kutseka chivindikiro, zimandilimbikitsa chigoba minofu bongo.

Ndi ntchito malo medulla zokhudzana chiwonetsero cha ogwiritsa bongo kaimidwe. bongo kaimidwe ndi bongo amene amayambitsa kusokonekera kwa mmene minofu ndi kusintha malo mutu.

Ubongo ndi cerebellum kugwirizana afferent ndi efferent ulusi chapakati mantha dongosolo ndi m'madipatimenti onse, ndi mwa iwo ndi minofu ndi thupi maselo ambiri, komanso autonomic mantha dongosolo.

Ntchito yaikulu ya cerebellum ndi monga: 1) lamulo la Machitidwe galimoto; 2) lamulo njira autonomic. Izi ntchito cerebellum anakhazikitsidwa mu zatsopano pogwiritsa ntchito njira extirpation, kuyabwa kapena kungosunga biopotentials cerebellum kuzipenya matenda.

The cerebellum bwino yapangidwa mbalame ndi n'kofunika kukhala kwambiri kuphunzira bwino. Mu nthawi yoyamba pambuyo kuchotsa cerebellum mbalame akhoza kuuluka ndi kuyenda. Pamene inu muyesera zosamukira kumeneko khunyu, ndi mbalame kugwa pambali. Komabe, zingatenge zakudya ndi zakumwa. Patapita nthawi, chikhalidwe chikusintha ndi mbalame akhoza Koma movutikira, kuima, kuyenda ndi kuwuluka. maphunziro Scientific asonyeza kuti cerebellum ili malo malamulo ntchito za mantha dongosolo autonomic.

mbalame kholo ubongo (midbrain) bwino anayamba ndi imakhala mbali ziwiri: colliculus wapamwamba miyendo. Colliculus ali kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo lobes ndipo manyuroni kwenikweni anapanga mtima.

Waukulu ntchito ya midbrain ndi: 1. Mbali kutsogolo kwa colliculus kuposa chofunika zithunzi pakati. Apa pali kusanthula kuyambirira wa zikuchitika kuwala. Popeza zimene ikuchitika oyerekeza kuti kukondoweza kuwala kudzera kwasumikidwa (kasinthasintha wa mutu mu chitsogozo cha nzothandiza kuunika). The malo kutsogolo kwa colliculus kuposa zonse chidule cha mwana wa. 2. kumbuyo gawo colliculus amanyamula orienting kulabadira Makutu (mutu Nkutembenukira kwa phokoso nzothandiza). 3. substantia nigra kumatanthauza lamulo la chigoba minofu chidule. Komanso nthawi akuchita Pomeza ndi kupuma mungoli. 4. ubongo, kapena m'malo ubongo ali ndi pafupifupi malo ogwiritsa kuthetsa bongo. Kuthetsa bongo otchedwa bongo kuti abwezeretse malo zachilendo kwa thupi pambuyo pakati.

ubongo wa zokwawa, mosiyana ndi ubongo ubongo mbalame ndi underdeveloped ubongo.

Midbrain tichipeza thalamus, ndi ubongo imene imalamulira kutentha epithalamus. Diencephalon amagwira ntchito angapo. 1. thalamus ndi wokhometsa amene atolele nyemba kwa onse cholandilira thupi (zithunzi, Makutu, gustatory, chogwirika, kutentha, ululu, proprioceptors) ndipo atumiza kwa hemispheres ubongo. 2. Mu mtima wa thalamus ndi zilakolako afferent zagonjetsedwa kwa kuwunika koyamba ndi kaphatikizidwe. 3. thalamus ndi zikhumbo afferent kukhala maganizo. Pali kumverera kwa zowawa, kumverera zosangalatsa ndi zosasangalatsa. 4. thalamus nthawi minofu kamvekedwe pulasitiki, imene mbalame akhoza kulandira ndi kusunga zosiyanasiyana kuika. 5. epithalamus malo malamulo ntchito ya pa chowunikira olfactory. 6. isanafalikire malo hypothalamic kuti malangizo mwana dilation, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kupuma, ndi galimoto ndi ntchito secretory pa mundawo m'mimba. 7. ubongo imene imalamulira kutentha nthawi thupi kutentha.