Aprotestanti - ndani zimenezi? Akatolika ndi Aprotestanti. Achiprotestanti pa Russia

Today pali kubwerera wauzimu. Anthu ambiri amaganiza za mbali inayake yapadera miyoyo yathu. M'nkhani ino tikambirana amene Achiprotestanti. Izi ndi malangizo osiyana Chikhristu, kapena kagulu, monga ena amaganizira.

Komanso kukhudza funso mafunde zosiyanasiyana mkati Chiprotestanti. Zidzakhala zosangalatsa zokhudza udindo wa mbali ya gulu limeneli mu Russia ano.
Werengani pa inu mayankho a mafunso amenewa ndi ena ambiri.

Aprotestanti ali amene

M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi, kumadzulo kwa Ulaya kunali kulekana kwa mbali yaikulu ya wokhulupirika wa Roma Katolika. Nkhani imeneyi historiography limatchedwa "kukonzanso." Choncho, Achiprotestanti - ndi gawo la Akristu amene samagwirizana ndi mfundo za kupembedza Katolika, ndi ena pa nkhani ya zamulungu.

Kenako, ife tichita mosiyana Chiprotestanti ochokera m'madera monga ziphunzitso ndi Chikatolika. Padakali pano, ndalama pang'ono zakuya m'mbiri ya gulu limeneli.

Ages Middle ku Ulaya anali nthawi yotero, pamene kampani anagwera mu kudalira kwathunthu osati pa olamulira a boma, koma kwa Mpingo.

Pafupifupi palibe funso sikunathetse popanda nawo wansembe, zikhale ukwati kapena mavuto.

Kuluka zambiri cikhalidwe, makolo Catholic yopatulika anapeza chuma chambiri. Kulalata mwanaalirenji ndi awiri mfundo ankachita ansembe anabisidwa kwa iwo anthu. Kukula kusakhutira chifukwa chakuti ambiri zomwe anachita ndi anaziletsa kapena mokakamizika ansembe alowererepo.

Ndi imeneyi ndi mwayi wodzakhala Martina Lyutera anamva. Izi wazamulungu German ndipo wansembe. Monga membala wa Ogasitiniani Order, iye nthawizonse amayang'ana chivundi cha abusa a Chikatolika. Tsiku lina, iye anati, anali epiphany za njira woona wa chikale Mkhristu.

Zotsatira zake zinali "nainte-faifi mfundozo," zomwe Luther kukhomedwa khomo la mpingo pa Wittenberg mu 1517, komanso nkhondo kugulitsa machimo.

Chifukwa cha mfundo ya Chiprotestanti «Sola weniweni» (yekha ndi chikhulupiriro). Iye ananena kuti palibe munthu mu dziko lapansi silingathe kuthandiza munthu apulumuke, koma iye yekha. Choncho, chinapululutsa pambali anayambitsa ansembe kugulitsa machimo, kufuna chuma kapena mphamvu ya akuluakulu a tchalitchi.

Tiyeni tipitirize kukhala kusiyana zamulungu pakati pa mbali zitatu za Chikhristu.

Mosiyana ndi Akatolika ndi Orthodox

Orthodox, Akatolika ndi Aprotestanti ali chipembedzo umodzi - Christianity. Komabe, mu njira ya chitukuko mbiri ndi chikhalidwe akhala amang'amba angapo. Woyamba anali mu 1054, pamene cha Roma Katolika analekanitsa mpingo Orthodox. Kenako, m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi, m'nyengo ya kukonzanso, panali kwathunthu kupatukana kwa - Chiprotestanti.

Tiyeni tiwone mfundo mmene osiyana mu mipingo imeneyi. Ndipo chifukwa Achiprotestanti kale zambiri kuwasandutsa Orthodoxy.

Choncho, ngati awiri Inde wakale ndithu, Akatolika ndi Orthodox amaona kuti mpingo woona. Aprotestanti osiyanasiyana malingaliro. M'madera ena amasiya kufunika wa chipembedzo chirichonse.

Pakati pa ansembe Orthodox saloledwa kukwatiwa kamodzi, Chimonko ololedwa kulowa mu ukwati. Akatolika wa Latin mwambo, onse anapereka lonjezo la kusakwatira. Aprotestanti saloledwa kukwatiwa, iwo sakuzindikira kusakwatira.

Komanso yotsirizira pali alibiretu bungwe la monasticism, motsutsana ndi mbali ziwiri choyamba.

Akatolika ndi ulamuliro wapamwamba ndi Papa, Orthodox - ntchito za Atate ndi Lemba, Achiprotestanti - Baibulo lokha.

Komanso, Achiprotestanti sanalunjikitse funso «filioque», amene ali mwala wapangodya mkangano wa Akatolika ndi Orthodox. Komanso iwo alibe purigatorio, ndi Virgin Mary kuoneka ngati chitsanzo cha mkazi wangwiro.

Za sakramenti asanu wamba Achiprotestanti kulandira kokha ubatizo ndi mgonero. No kuvomereza ndipo si anazindikira kulambira mafano.

Chiprotestanti ku Russia

Ngakhale Russian Federation ndi dziko Orthodox, koma pali ena chikhulupiriro wamba. Makamaka, pali Akatolika ndi Aprotestanti, Ayuda ndi Abuda, otsatira miyambo yosiyanasiyana mwauzimu ndi nzeru zaumunthu worldview.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku mu Russia ndi pafupifupi mamiliyoni atatu Achiprotestanti amene amapezeka maparishi zoposa zikwi khumi. Wa Madera awa yololedwa mwalamulo mu Utumiki wa Justice ndi zosakwana hafu.

Masiku lalikulu mu Russian Pentecostal Chiprotestanti ankaona. Iwo ndi kusintha nthambi awo (Wachiwiri-Achipentekoste) anali ophatikizana otsatira kuposa theka miliyoni.

Koma pa nthawi, anthu ena a zipembedzo za makolo Russian. Aprotestanti za Orthodoxy nyanda, anzawo, ndipo nthawizina iwo kuwerenga mabuku apadera. Kuweruza ndi ndemanga za anthu amene "anabwerera ku khola" manthu wa mpingo, iwo amamverera akakambirana, salinso adzawasocheretsa.

Mafunde otsala wamba latsopano la Russia, ndi Seventh-day Adventists, Abaptisti, minnonity, Lutheran, alaliki achikristu, Amethodisti ndi ena ambiri.

Kenako, tidzakambirana zambiri za mitundu yofala Chiprotestanti mu Russia. Komanso kukhudza mipingo ina imene tanthauzo ali pafupi pakati mpatuko ndipo mpingo wa Chiprotestanti.

Achikalvini

Kwambiri zomveka Achiprotestanti - Achikalvini izo. umenewu unakhazikitsidwa m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi atumwi ku Switzerland. Achinyamata French mlaliki ndi zaumulungu, Zhan Kalvin, anaganiza kupitiriza ndi kuzamitsa kusintha maganizo Martina Lyutera.

Iye ananena kuti ayenera kuchotsedwa mipingo, osati chimene chiri chosiyana kwa Lemba, komanso zinthu zimene si nkomwe mu Baibulo. Kuti ali, malingana Calvin mu nyumba yopemphereramo akhale yekha zimene zinalembedwa mu buku loyera.

Choncho, pali kusiyana pa ziphunzitso umene umachitika mwa Aprotestanti ndi Orthodox. Mpingo woyamba kukhulupirira phwando la anthu m'dzina la Ambuye, kukana ambiri oyera, Namwali Mariya ndi zizindikiro Mkhristu.

Komanso, iwo amakhulupirira kuti chikhulupiriro cha munthu wapatuka yekha ndi chiweruzo tisaledzere. Choncho, ubatizo kumachitika kokha pamene akukula.

Orthodox Aprotestanti ali wosiyana kwambiri ndi mfundo tatchulawa. Komanso, kutsatira chikhulupiriro chakuti Baibulo angafotokoze kokha munthu ophunzitsidwa mwapadera. Aprotestanti ndikukhulupirira kuti aliyense akuchita zabwino za luso lawo ndi kukula mwauzimu.

Achilutera

Ndipotu, Achilutera ndi otsatira a zolinga woona Martina Lyutera. Zinali pambuyo zisudzo awo mu mzinda wa Speyer kayendedwe anayamba kuitana "mpingo Achiprotestanti."

Mawu akuti "Lutheran" anaonekera m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi pa mlandu azamulungu Catholic ndi ansembe ndi Luther. Kotero iwo ali m'njira achipongwe wotchedwa otsatira a bambo Reformation. Achilutera okha amatchedwa "Evangelical."

Motero, Akatolika, Achiprotestanti, Orthodox kufunafuna chipulumutso cha moyo, koma njira aliyense ali osiyana. Kusiyana, mfundo zochokera yekha tanthauzo la Malemba.

Wake "nainte-faifi mfundozo" Martin Luther refutes ansembe onse a Institute ndi miyambo yambiri umene umachitika ndi Akatolika. Malinga ndi iye, izi zaluso nkhawa zimangokhala malo chuma ndi yamoyo wakudziko, kuposa zauzimu. Choncho kwa iwo ayenera kuchotsedwa.

Komanso, chifukwa cha Lutheran akukhulupirira kuti Yesu Khristu ndi imfa yake pa Gologota ndikuchotsa machimo a anthu, kuphatikizapo wapachiyambi. Zonse muyenera kukhala ndi moyo wosangalala ndi kukhulupirira mu uthenga wabwino.

Achilutera za maganizo wansembe aliyense - ndi chimodzimodzi layman, koma akatswiri ambiri mwa mawu a kulalikira. Choncho, chifukwa mgonero wa anthu onse anagwiritsa ntchito chalice.

Achilutera lero monga anthu oposa makumi asanu ndi atatu mphambu zisanu miliyoni. Koma umodzi, iwo sali pano. Pali yogwirizanitsa osiyana ndi chipembedzo cha maziko mbiri komanso malo.

Latsopano la Russia, wotchuka kwambiri mu chilengedwe ndi anthu a "Kutumikira Lutheran Hour".

Abaptisti

Nthawi zambiri mwanthabwala kuti Abaptisti - ndi British Achiprotestanti. Koma mawu awa pali mbewu ya choonadi. Pajatu anali allocated izo pakati Oyeretsa UK.

Ndipotu Ubatizo - ndi gawo lotsatira la chitukuko (monga ena amakhulupirira), kapena monga mphukira wa Calvin. Liwu likubwera kuchokera ku mawu a Chigiriki "ubatizo". Kuti ndi lingaliro lalikulu anafotokoza mu mutu wa kukuchititsa zimenezi.

Abaptisti timakhulupirira kuti woona yekha ngati munthu tinganene kuti wokhulupirira amene akula anabwera zoti kusiya lochimwa ndi moona mtima analandira chikhulupiriro mu mtima wake.

Ndi maganizo amenewa akugwirizana Achiprotestanti ambiri mu Russia. Ngakhale kuti ambiri wa Chipentekoste, amene tikukambirana pansipa, malingaliro ena kwa iwo omwe ali ofanana.

Mwachidule kufotokoza ndizosowa a mwambo wa moyo mpingo, Abaptisti, Aprotestanti ali wodalira salakwa ulamuliro m'Baibulo nthawi zonse. Iwo amatsatira mfundo za unsembe wa chilengedwe chonse ndiponso mpingo, ndiye, aliyense kudziyimira pawokha ammudzi ndi ufulu.

Mkulu alibe mphamvu zenizeni, izo amawerenga maulaliki ndi ziphunzitso. mafunso onse anaganiza pamisonkhano onse ndi mabungwe mpingo. Kulambira zikuphatikizapo yolalikira, kuimba nyimbo kwa limodzi nyimbo zoimbidwa komanso mapemphero improvised.

Lero, Abaptisti Russian, monga Adventists, amanena alaliki achikristu ndi mipingo yawo - mapemphero nyumba.

Achipentekoste

Aprotestanti ochuluka kuposa mu Russia - ndi Achipentekoste. Mu dziko lathu izo zatha atagonjetsa kumadzulo kwa Ulaya kudzera Finland m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri.

Choyamba Chipentekoste, kapena, monga anaitana, "Umodzi", anakhala Thomas Barratt. Iye anafika mu 1911 ku Norway kuti St. Petersburg. Apa mlaliki ananena kuti wotsatira wa Akhristu Evangelical mu mzimu wa Atumwi, ndipo anayamba kuwoloka obwera onse.

Maziko a chikhulupiriro ndi ubatizo wa Chipentekoste wa Mzimu Woyera. Iwo amazindikira ndi mwambo wa ndimeyi ndi madzi. Koma zokumana nazo pamoyo munthu pa wobadwira wa Mzimu pa iye, atalingalira zimenezi Mprotestanti pa yolondola kwambiri. Iwo amanena kuti boma, lomwe nthawi yomweyo akukumana anabatizidwa, zofanana ndi zomverera za Atumwi, anatenga mwambo kwa Yesu Khristu pa tsiku la makumi asanu chitachitika chiukitsiro.

Ndicho chifukwa iwo amachitcha mpingo wawo polemekeza tsiku la Zinafika wa Mzimu Woyera, kapena Utatu (Pentekosite). Otsatira mukukhulupirira odzipatulira motero amalandira imodzi mwa mphatso Mulungu. Iye akutenga mawu a nzeru, machiritso, zozizwitsa, ulosi, kulankhula malilime kapena kusiyanitsa pakati pa mizimu.

Ku Russia wakhala kuposa otchuka Protestant mayanjano amaonedwa atatu a chilengedwe Chipentekoste. Iwo kulowa Assembly of God.

Amenoni

Wachimenoni - mmodzi wa nthambi chidwi kwambiri a Chiprotestanti. Akhristu Chiprotestant woyamba analengeza pacifism monga gawo la chiphunzitso.
Panali chipembedzo mu mmasate za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi mu Netherlands.

Iwo ankaona anayambitsa Menno Simons. Poyamba, iye anachoka Chikatolika ndipo anatengera mfundo za Anabaptism. Koma patapita kanthawi kwambiri chinakula zina za chiphunzitso ichi.

Choncho, Amenoni amakhulupirira kuti Ufumu wa Mulungu padziko lapansi adzafika kokha ndi thandizo la anthu onse, pamene iwo kudziwa wonse mpingo woona. Baibulo - ulamuliro unquestioned, ndi Utatu - chinthu chokha chimene ali wopatulika. Batizani akulu pokhapokha kukhazikitsidwa njira olimba ndi chenicheni.

Koma chofunika kwambiri imatengedwa wachimenoni usilikali chokana usilikali, lumbiro asilikali ndi litigation. Mu njira iyi, mbali ya gulu limeneli ndi anthu kuthamangitsa mtendere ndi nonviolence.

Mu Russian Ufumu Protestant chipembedzo anabwela pa ulamuliro wa Catherine Wamkulu. Ndiye iye anaitanidwa ammudzi kusamuka mbali ya limati Baltic mu New Russia, mu dera Volga ndi Caucasus. Izi kusintha kwa zinthu wakhala dalitso kwa Amenoni, pamene iwo anali ndi chizunzo kumadzulo kwa Ulaya. Choncho panali mafunde awiri cha kusamuka amakakamizidwa kum'mawa.

Today latsopano la Russia kuti mfundo imeneyi pamodzi ndi Abaptisti.

Adventists

Ngati Mkhristu wodzipereka, Chiprotestanti amakhulupirira mu adzabwerensoyo wa Mesiya. Inali pa mwambo umenewu ndipo poyamba inamangidwa nzeru Adventist (kuchokera 'kubwera' mawu Latin).

Mu 1831, mkulu wa United States Army Miller aja anakhala wa Baptisti ndipo kenako anatulutsa buku za kubwera singasiyanitsidwe Yesu Khristu March 21, 1843. Koma kunapezeka kuti palibe amene anaonekera. Ndiye kunali kukonzedwa kwa inaccuracy cha kusinthika, ndi Mesiya chikuyembekezeka mu kasupe 1844. Pamene ndipo kachiwiri analephera matupi, panali nthawi ya kuvutika maganizo pakati wokhulupirika, amene historiography amatchedwa "Great Zokhumudwitsa".

Pambuyo pake, pa Millerite ogaŵikana angapo a zipembedzo zosiyana. Kwambiri bungwe ndi otchuka ndi Seventh-day Adventists. Iwo centralized kasamalidwe ndi pamalo abwino anayamba m'mayiko ambiri.

Mu Russian Ufumu, inafika kudzera kwa Amenoni. M'madera woyamba inakhazikitsidwa ku chilumba Crimea ndi dera Volga.

Chifukwa chokana kuti azimenya ndi kulumbira, iwo anali ndi chizunzo mu Soviet Union. Koma pa mapeto a makumi asanu ndi awiri a zaka mazana makumi awiri panali gulu kuchira. Ndipo mu 1990, msonkhano woyamba wa Adventist Analeredwa Russian Union.

Aprotestanti, kapena mipatuko

Masiku ano palibe chikaiko kuti Achiprotestanti - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa nthambi wofanana Chikhristu, ndi chiphunzitso chake, mfundo, ndizosowa makhalidwe ndi kulambira.

Komabe, pali mipingo ina amene ali m'gulu zofanana kwambiri ndi Chiprotestanti, koma zoona, ayi. Yotsirizira Mwachitsanzo, a Mboni za Yehova.

Koma polingalira nkhawa ndi chisokonezo za chiphunzitso chawo, komanso kusamvetsetsana kale mfundo ina, gululi sangathe unambiguously zimachitika ku mtundu wina wa malangizo.

Mboni za Yehova sizilola Khristu, Utatu, mtanda mafano. Iwo amaona chachikulu ndi Mulungu yekha wotchedwa Yehova, ngati zongoganiza akale. Ena mwa zinthu zofanana ndi Chiprotestanti. Koma mwangozi sikuti iwo kumbali ya zipembedzo wachikhristu.

Choncho, ife tili nawe m'nkhani ino anachita ndi anthu amene Achiprotestanti, ndipo anayankhula za mkhalidwe wa nthambi zosiyanasiyana ku Russia.

Zabwino zonse kwa inu, wokondedwa owerenga!