Asidi Chloroacetic: Kukonzekera ndi katundu mankhwala

asidi Chloroacetic ali ndi asidi acetic, imene cha maatomu wa hydrogen mu gulu methyl mmalo mwa ufulu chlorine atomu. Kudakonzedweratu mwa kuchita asidi acetic ndi chlorine.

Waukulu zopangira kukonzekera ndi asidi acetic. Chloroacetic asidi akhoza akamagwira hydrolysis wa trichlorethylene.

Hydrolysis wa mankhwala mankhwala koyera analandira. Komabe, njira imeneyi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito koyera madzi otchezedwa ndi zosafunika palibe.

asidi Chloroacetic ntchito kupeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya utoto, mankhwala, mavitamini ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mankhwala pamwamba-yogwira (surfactants).

Chlorination asidi acetic mu sing'anga wa catalysts zochita kupanga (kutanthauza acetic anhydride, sulfure ndi phosphorous) analandira asidi chloroacetic, amene chilinganizo CH ₂ cl-COOH:

CH ₃ -COOH + CL ₂ ↑ → => CH ₂ cl-COOH + HCl.

thupi katundu

asidi Chloroacetic ndi hygroscopic, mandala galasi ndi limatsogolera mfundo za 61,2 ° C ndi kuwira mfundo ya 189,5 ° C. thunthu mosavuta sungunuka (monga mowa kapena mu sing'anga amadzimadzi, komanso kafungo kabwino, benzene, ndi tetrachloride mpweya).

Monochloroacetic asidi - zapoizoni ndi woopsa kwambiri mankhwala pamene ingested zomwe zimachitika imfa. Pambuyo kukhudzana ndi asidi khungu chloroacetic amachititsa zilonda zamoto kuti sindimachiritsa kwa nthawi yaitali.

Inhalation asidi nthunzi zingaoneke kusintha yotupa mu mapapo, komanso mu kapepala chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi kupuma.

Ntchito zomera mafakitale kwa yopanga asidi monochloroacetic zowawa kuphwanya fungo, rhinopharyngitis aakulu, ukuchoka ndi dryness wa khungu.

Komanso nthawi mogwirizana yaitali ndi zinthu aukali ali anaona zotupa wa khungu khungu, anasonyeza dermatitis pa malekezero nkhope khosi, chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi, mu nthawi zina - ndi torso.

asidi Chloroacetic mu thupi la munthu n'kukhala asidi tiodiuksusnuyu, amene excreted mu ndowe ndi mkodzo.

Njira yaikulu ya kusamalitsa ntchito:

- koletsedwa kupuma nthunzi, gasi, utsi, ndi fumbi;

- kugwiritsira ntchito zinthu zodzitetezera pamene kugwira ntchito kugwirizana ndi kulankhulana ndi asidi (impermeable ovololo, chitetezo Goggles, nsapato za jombo ndi Magolovesi);

- zinachitikira inhalation kapena kukhudzana ndi asidi pa khungu ayenera yomweyo Akufunani chisamaliro luso malo apafupi zachipatala.

Zolemba malire kololeka theoretically otetezeka ndende asidi chloroacetic kupanga chipinda mpweya imodzi mg / mamita ^3.

Ngati zoyendera asidi, izo mmatumba mu chidebe polymeric (a chidebe kapena mbiya), CHIKWANGWANI ng'oma ndi makontena zitsulo. Kodi kusamutsidwa mwa njira iliyonse zoyendera anaphimba.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti asidi monochloroacetic ndi flammable ndi zachiwawa. mankhwala kwambiri flammable.