Ayoni - ndi maatomu omwe kunyamula mtengo

Pafupifupi onse anawona malonda otchedwa "chandeliers Chizhevskogo» kumene ayoni zoipa mu mlengalenga akuchuluka quantitatively. Komabe, pambuyo sekondale, osati onse ndendende tanthauzo la zosiyana. Ayoni - particles mlandu ndi, anataya khalidwe chawo cha maatomu yachibadwa salowerera. Ndipo tsopano pang'ono.

"N'zabodza" maatomu

Monga mukudziwa, chiwerengero chachikulu mu tebulo la Mendeleev, zokhudzana ndi chiwerengero cha mapulotoni mu phata la atomu. N'chifukwa chiyani si ma elekitironi? Chifukwa chiwerengero ndi kukwaniritsa ma elekitironi, ngakhale motengera katundu wa maatomu, koma kudziwa katundu zake zikuluzikulu kugwirizana ndi ngale ya. Ma elekitironi sangathe anamuphonya, ndipo kungakhale kwambiri. Ayoni - izo basi maatomu ndi "cholakwika" chiwerengero cha ma elekitironi. Ndipo zodabwitsa zabwino kudziwika ali ndi kusowa kwa ma elekitironi, ndi zoipa - ndi kusadziletsa.

A pang'ono za mayina

Monga pali ayoni? Ichi ndi losavuta funso - Education awiri okha njira. Kapena mankhwala njira, kapena thupi. Zimenezi zikhoza kukhala ion zabwino, amene nthawi zambiri amatchedwa cation, ndi zoipa, motero ndi anion. Akusowa kapena owonjezera kuyang'anira kungakhale atomu umodzi kapena molekyulu lonse, chomwenso ndi ankaona wapadera polyhydric mtundu ion.

Chilakolako chofuna kukhazikika

Ngati ionization sing'anga, mwachitsanzo, gasi, ndiye pali quantitatively njila chiŵerengero cha ma elekitironi ndi ayoni positive. Koma zodabwitsazi ndi osowa (pa chiphaliwali pafupi lawi a), mpweya mu boma adasandulika, pali yaitali. Ambiri Choncho, pafupi pansi angathe anachita ayoni mpweya - zachilendo. mpweya - chilengedwe kusintha mofulumira. Pamene kanthu zinthu ionizing ikutha, ndi ayoni kukumana wina ndi mzake, ndipo anakhala ndale maatomu. Izi n'kwawo yachibadwa.

madzi mwamakani

Ayoni lalikulu zedi akhoza ali m'madzi. chakuti mamolekyulu madzi - particles imene woyang'anira magetsi ndi anagawira omangidwa pa molekyulu, ndi iwo akuimilira dipoles ndi mbali imodzi mlandu zabwino zina - negative. Ndipo pamene madzi pamaoneka solute, madzi mamolekyulu ndi mizati yawo electrically kanthu pa chinthu anawonjezera ionizing izo. Chitsanzo chabwino ndi nyanja madzi, chimene kuchuluka kwa zinthu kulibe chonchi mawonekedwe monga ayoni. Amadziwika kuti anthu akale. Mu mlengalenga pamwamba ina ya ayoni ndi ambiri, chipolopolo uwu umatchedwa ionosphere. cheza dzuwa wawononga maatomu khola ndi mamolekyulu. The particles mu boma ionized awapatse mitundu zachilendo padziko thunthu. Mwachitsanzo - yowala zachilendo wachikuda miyala yamtengo wapatali.

Ayoni - maziko a moyo, chifukwa ndondomeko zofunika apeza mphamvu ATP sizingatheke popanda kukonza particles electrically wosakhazikika yokha kupuma ma zachokera ankachita wa ayoni ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala zako catalyzed ndi michere amapezeka kokha kudzera ionization. N'zosadabwitsa kuti ena mwa zinthu mu chikhalidwe ichi, munthu ingests. Chitsanzo chachikulu tingachipeze powerenga - zothandiza ayoni siliva.