Bach Johann Sebastian. Zithunzi za wolemba

Johann Sebastian Bach ndi wolemba kwambiri waluso kwambiri wa zaka za zana la 18. Kuchokera tsiku la imfa yake zaka zoposa 250 zapita, ndipo chidwi cha nyimbo zake sichinatheke mpaka pano. Koma m'moyo wa woyenera kulandira wolembayo sanalandire. Chidwi mu ntchito yake chinawonekera patangotha zaka zana kuchokera pamene iye anachoka.

Bach Johann Sebastian. Zithunzi: ubwana

Anabadwa Johann mu 1685 ku Eisenach, tawuni yapamzinda ku Germany. Bambo ake anali violinist. Kuchokera pamenepo, Johann anaphunzira zinthu zofunikira poimba chida. Kuwonjezera apo, Bach Jr. anali ndi soprano yabwino ndipo ankimba kuimba ya sukulu. Ntchito yamtsogolo ya Johann idakonzedweratu. Ali ndi zaka 9, mnyamatayu anasiya makolo ake. Anatengedwera kunyumba kwake ndi mkulu wake. Mu nthawi yomwe adagwira ntchito ngati wothandizira pa tchalitchi ndipo adamutengera mnyamata kumeneko, adamukonzera kupita ku masewera olimbitsa thupi. Maphunziro a nyimbo anapitiriza, koma anali osasamala kwambiri, osabereka.

Bach Johann Sebastian. Biography: kuyamba kwa moyo wodziimira

Johann wazaka 15 anasamukira ku Lüneburg. Kupititsa patsogolo masewera olimbitsa thupi kunamupatsa ufulu wopita ku yunivesite. Komabe, kusowa njira zopezera moyo kunalepheretsa mnyamatayo kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi umenewu. Iye amayenera kuyenda kangapo mu moyo wake. Chifukwa chake nthawi zonse nthawi zonse zinali zovuta, malo ochititsa manyazi. Koma palibe chomwe chinasokoneza Bach powerenga nyimbo zatsopano, momwe amachitira olemba amakono. Ngati n'kotheka, anayesa kukomana nawo. Pa nthawi imeneyo, onse ankalambira nyimbo zachilendo. Iye adali ndi kulimba mtima kuteteza ndikuphunzira ntchito zake za dziko.

Bach Johann Sebastian. Mafilimu: zina zamaluso

Mphamvu za Johann sizinali zokhazokha kwa luso la wopanga. Pakati pa anthu a m'nthaŵi yake iye ankaonedwa ngati woyenera kwambiri kusewera kwa harpsichord ndi organ. Zinali zoyenera kutsatiridwa pa zida izi zomwe iye anazindikira (ngakhale okondedwa ake) pa moyo wake. Zimanenedwa kuti pamene harpsichordist ndi bungwe lochokera ku France Louis Marchand anamva ntchito ya Bach pamasewera a Dresden akusewera zida, anafulumira kuchoka mumzindawu.

Bach Johann Sebastian. Zithunzi: woimbira khoti

Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1708, Johann anatumikira ku Weimar ngati woimba ku khoti. Panthawi imeneyi, adalemba ntchito zambiri zotchuka. Pasanapite nthawi Bach anapeza banja ndipo anali naye kale mu 1717 atapita kuitana kwa kalonga ku Keten. Zinapezeka kuti palibe chiwalo. Wopanga nyimboyo ankayenera kutsogolera oimba nyimbo zing'onozing'ono, kukondwera ndi kalonga ndikupita naye kukaimba. Mzinda uno, Bach analemba zolemba zitatu ndi ziwiri-mawu, komanso "English" ndi "suites French". Otsutsa komanso oyamba, omwe anamaliza ku Ketene, anali buku loyamba la "Clavier Wokongola" - ntchito yaikulu.

Bach Johann Sebastian. Zithunzi ndizofupikitsa: kulungamitsidwa ku Leipzig

Mu mzinda uno Bach anasamukira mu 1723 ndipo anakhala kumeneko kosatha. Pa tchalitchi cha St. Thomas adalandira udindo wa mutu wa choyimba. Zinthu zomwe Bach anali nazo zinali zonyansa. Kuwonjezera pa ntchito zambiri (mphunzitsi, wolemba, mphunzitsi), adalamulidwa kuti asachoke mumzinda popanda chilolezo cha burgomaster. Ayeneranso kulemba nyimbo malinga ndi malamulo: osati ochita ntchito komanso ataliatali, koma nthawi imodzimodzi yomwe ingadzutse kulemekeza mwa omvera. Koma, ngakhale zoletsedwa zonse, Bach, monga nthawizonse, akupitiliza kulenga. Nyimbo zake zabwino zomwe analenga ku Leipzig. Atsogoleri a tchalitchi ankaona kuti nyimbo za Johann Sebastian zikhale zobiriwira, zowonongeka komanso zomveka bwino, panalibe ndalama zochepa zothandizira kusukulu. Chilengedwe ndi banja linakhalabe chisangalalo chokha cha wolemba. Ana ake atatu anali oimba ambiri. Anna Magdalena, mkazi wachiwiri wa Bach, anali ndi soprano yokongola kwambiri. Mwana wake wamkulu nayenso anaimba bwino.

Johann Bach. Biography: kumaliza kwa moyo

Zaka zapitazi wolembayo anadwala matenda aakulu a maso. Ntchitoyi sinapambane, ndipo Bach anali wakhungu kwambiri. Koma ngakhale m'mayiko amenewa, anapitiriza kupanga. Ntchito zake zinalembedwera pamaganizo. Anthu oimba nyimbo sanazindikire imfa ya woimba nyimbo. Pafupi mwamsanga aliyense anaiwala. Anna Magdalena, mkazi wachiwiri wa Johann, anamwalira m'nyumba yopempherera. Regina, mwana wamng'ono kwambiri wa Bach, ankakhala ngati wopemphapempha, m'zaka zaposachedwa Beethoven adamuthandiza.