BCG

Panopa katemera chimodzi mwa zinthu mwachangu ntchito kupewa mitundu ya matenda osiyanasiyana. Vaccinal anaikira ambiri matenda, mndandanda chikukulirakulirabe.

Mmodzi wa oyembekezeka kwambiri katemera BCG. analenga analola nthawi kuchepetsa odwala ndi omwalira matenda TB. wamba M'nthawi ya chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu, nthenda chafika lolamulidwa ndi katemera. Komabe, ngakhale pa nthawi ino sangathe zimachitika TB, matenda katemera-kupewedwa. Kwenikweni, ndi chifukwa chakuti chitetezo chokwanira akutulukira ndi osakhalitsa, makamaka milandu kumene thupi ankavala matenda aakulu kapena zinachitikira kobadwa nako kapena kugula immunodeficiency.

Nthawi zina kwambiri, vaccinations angathe mitundu ya TB, TB kuti aumbike mchikakamizo cha kupsyinjika attenuated wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a. Chitukuko cha matenda zimenezi ndipo pambuyo zaka zingapo oyamba a katemera. Matendawa akufotokozera chifukwa cha kufooka kwa dongosolo anthu m'thupi, kapena chifukwa cha ambiri kutopa (matenda a anorexia).

BCG katemera ikuchitika motere: utsogoleli woyamba wa mankhwala - wachinayi - tsiku lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi kubadwa kwa mwanayo. mpheto ichi nthawi zonse umachitikira mwachindunji mu okalamba. The revaccination choyamba ananyamula mwana umachitika mu chochitika chimenecho anasonyeza pakalibe asanazolowere wothandizila TB (ie, pamene katemera BCG kale anayambitsa mu zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, chilimbikitso chachiwiri (zaka 14), ndi munthu sanali kukumana Wand Koch a chilengedwe).

Kuti timvetse kapena mwana amene akudwala TB ndipo ankafuna revaccination alibe matenda kapena ayi, pezani ndi Mantoux mayeso, monga chizindikiro cha reactivity ndi kulemekeza wothandizila TB. Kusiyanitsa normergicheskuyu ndi hyperergic anachita, malinga ndi kukula kwa papules anapanga ndi ukulu wake.

The zikuchokera katemera osiyana monga onse moyo ndi kupha wothandizila tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.

The zikuchokera lili wamoyo BCG katemera ndi Mycobacterium TB mitundu yeniyeni ndi wotsikirapo virulence. kupsyinjika ichi chinapezeka mwa culturing mobwerezabwereza m'mikhalidwe kwambiri chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a. Chitetezo chokwanira aumbike chifukwa cha chulutsa nthumwi mu thupi la munthu ndi kupanga akupha chinthu lapansi. The peculiarity wa chitetezo chokwanira kuti ndipamene katemera BCG ndi kuti mothandizidwa ndi kulimbikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi. Izi Mbali yomweyo anafotokoza kuti pali kuthekera kwa chitukuko pambuyo katemera TB.

Chitetezo chokwanira analandira munthu chifukwa cha katemera, ndi vaccinal achilengedwe. Komanso pali zachilengedwe nevaktsinalny chitetezo chokwanira, zomwe mapangidwe ndi chifukwa chikugwa chilengedwe cha Mycobacterium TB mu Airways anthu. chitetezo chokwanira imeneyi ndi sizachilendo, monga mphamvu thupi ndi kukumana Koch amakhala pali ambiri. Imodzi yofunika kwambiri epidemiologically ndi TB ndi mawonekedwe otseguka pamene wotuluka tikamapuma mpweya ndi mtima amasankha tizilombo tating'onoting'ono wothandizira.

Pali zingapo contraindications kuti katemera. Iwo onse kugwa nthawi (kutsogolera kwa amodzi a katemera), ndi zonse (mu nkhani iyi, katemera si ikuchitika). Kwa kanthawi contra katemera monga prematurity (kulemera akhanda ndi zosakwana 2.5 makilogalamu), komanso chiwerengero cha matenda ndi exacerbations wokonda pathologies aakulu. katemera BCG siyikuperekedwa kwa nkhani akusowa m'thupi kulimbikira, ngati angathe mitundu zowombetsa mkota TB - ndi contraindication okhazikika katemera.