Belarus a Belarus: mbiri, bata

Kuyambira kukhazikitsidwa kwa ulamuliro, mabanki a Belarus apeza nkhani yosangalatsa kwambiri. Nkhaniyi ikukuuzani za momwe ndalama za ku Belarusiya zinakhalira kuyambira pachiyambi cha moyo wokhazikika pa dziko lino kufikira masiku ano, zosangalatsa zokhudzana ndi ndalama izi, kukhazikika kwa ndalama, zizindikiro zomwe zimakhudza kukhazikika kwake, komanso njira zomwe zingathandizire pa izi zikufotokozedwa.

Mbiri

Ngakhale kusanachitike kwa USSR mu BSSR, iwo anayamba kupanga ndondomeko yokonza ndalama zawo zadziko. Koma sizinapangitse chinthu chilichonse chabwino, chifukwa panali mavuto aakulu azachuma ku republic. Ngakhale izi, patapita kanthawi ndalamazo zinalengedwa ndikuvomerezedwa ndi mayiko onse a dziko lapansi. Mayiko a Belarus poyamba ankafuna kutchedwa "olemba matayala", chifukwa chomwe amatchedwa ndalama zasiliva ku Germany m'ma Middle Ages. Koma anthu okhalamo sanagwirizane ndi dzina ili, chifukwa dzina lakuti "akalulu" linagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku republic.

Belarus anayamba kupereka ndalama zake pokhapokha atapeza ulamuliro. Chaka chotsatira, pambuyo pa kugwa kwa USSR, makononi anaonekera ku Belarus, ndipo patangopita miyezi ingapo, mu May, boma linayambitsa matikiti okhazikika. Ndalama zonsezi zinagwiritsidwa ntchito m'dziko lonse pamodzi ndi ruble. Komanso, mabanki a Belarus akhoza kuphatikizidwa, mwachitsanzo, mukhoza kulipira theka la kugula ndi rubles, ndipo theka lina pogwiritsa ntchito makoni.

Koma panalibe ndalama zambiri zomwe zimapezeka, zonsezi zinasungidwa pa zamagetsi. Kuti apange ngakhale chiwerengero, kugwiritsa ntchito kwa cholinga ichi Russian ruble, izo zinaletsedwa.

Mpweya wabwino

Mu 1993, ndalama zinachotsedwa kuti zisapangidwe. Tsopano ndalama za ku Belarus zinakhala ndalama za boma, zomwe zimatchedwa ruble. Koma ndi kusintha kumeneku kunabwera zoipa. Ndipo izi zinakhudza anthu wamba a boma. Kutsika kwa mitengo kunayamba, ruble inagwera poyerekeza ndi magawo ena a dzikoli. Izi zikuwonetsedwa bwino ndi chitsanzo: Kumayambiriro kwa 1994, ruble anali pafupi mabungwe 3800, ndipo kumapeto kwa chaka chomwecho chiwerengero ichi chinali chofanana ndi 10000.

Izi zinapitirira mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi anayi za zana la makumi awiri. Choncho chaka chotsatira dolayi inadya pafupifupi 12,000 ma ruble a ku Belarusian. Pafupifupi chaka, chiwerengerochi chasintha pang'ono. Koma kumapeto kwa chaka chotsatira chiwerengero chawonjezeka ndi 3000 ma ruble achi Belarusiya. Ndalama za ku Belarus zinayamba kugwedezeka, anthu anali ndi kusowa koopsa kwa njira zopezera moyo, kuwonjezeka kwa zigawenga ndi kuba, chinyengo.

Pa zaka ziwiri zokha, ndalama za ndalama za dollar zotsutsana ndi ruble wa Belarus zakhala zosalekeza. Dola imodzi inali yofanana ndi 320,000 ma ruble a ku Belarusian. Choncho, boma linaganiza kuti likhale ndi chipembedzo ndikupereka ndalama zatsopano. Panthawi imeneyo, anthu adakumana ndi mavuto enieni ndipo adamva zoopsa zomwe zikuchitika. M'dzikoli, ndalama zinagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama, ndalama zamitundu ndi mabanki ku Belarus mwatayika anataya mtengo wawo.

Masiku ano

Mu 2000, boma linagwiritsanso ntchito chipembedzo, chomwe chinachepetsa kuchepetsa ndalama za ndalama zamakono. Kukonzekera kwa ngongole sikunasinthe kwambiri, zithunzi zomwe zidasindikizidwa pazinthu sizikhala zosasintha. Chokhacho chinali mtundu wa magulu a ndalama. Komanso panali ndondomeko yatsopano ya ten-ruble, yomwe inali mu chiwerengero cha dziko mpaka 2013.

Kumayambiriro kwa zero, Boma linagonjetsanso matikiti okhalapo 10, 20 ndi 50,000 rubles. Kuchokera mu 2004, ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito dzina lokha la 1 ndi 5 ruble zayamba kuyambika.

Koma si kale kwambiri, mu 2016, ndalama ndi mabanki ku Belarus anapirira kachiwiri chipembedzo nthawi zambiri. Motero, dziko labwerera ku miyezo yakale.

Zosangalatsa

• Zigawo za ndalama za ku Belarusiya zinadziwika kuti mabungwe, chifukwa m'chaka cha 1992 anatulutsa chikalata chokhala ndi chithunzi cha kalulu chochokera m'buku la Soviet lonena za nyama ndi mbalame. Pambuyo pake, ali ndi kalulu, anayamba kupanga timapepala.
• Makina atsopano a mabanki ndi ndalama za ku Belarus nthawi zambiri ankalimbikitsidwa ndi zilankhulo ziwiri. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1992, makalata 500 anamasulidwa, pomwe zizindikiro zonse zidapangidwa mu Chibelarusi, ndipo mawu otchulidwa kutsogolo analembedwa mu Chirasha. Mabanki oterewa ndi ofunikira kwambiri masiku ano.
• Mu 1992, bungwe la rubles 500 linatulutsidwa, linkaonetsa chimbalangondo cha mtundu wa baribal. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mitunduyi sinapezekepo m'dera la Republic of Belarus.

Zizindikiro zolimbitsa mgwirizano

• Kukula kwa ngongole yakunja.
• Ngongole za boma.
• Ubale wa ndale ndi mayiko a CIS.

Njira zothetsera vutoli

Ndalama za ndalama za dzikoli nthawi zonse zimakhala zipembedzo, zomwe zimasonyeza kusasintha kwa ndalama. Kuti vutoli lisakhale lofunika kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuti tithandizane ndikusintha maubwenzi ndi oyandikana nawo oyambirira.

Ngakhale kuti ndalama za dzikoli zakhala zikusintha, mabanki a tsopano a ku Belorussia ali ofanana kwambiri ndi bili za zaka za m'ma 1990 zapitazo.