"Big makumi": mbiriyakale ndi zolinga za gulu. Mayiko aphatikizidwa G20 chiyani?

Pa bungwe lonse tidamva ambiri. Pamene panali "Big makumi"? ndi zolinga ndi mfundo za Forum chiyani? Mayiko aphatikizidwa G20 chiyani? Zonsezi - nkhani.

Mbiri ya gulu

Pamaso mafunso mayiko ndi a G20, ayenera Fotokozani mwachidule mbiri ya bungwe limeneli. Ndiponso, pamene unakhazikitsidwa.

"Big makumi", "Gulu la makumi" kapena kungoti G20 - lonse mayiko Forum umene umabweretsa pamodzi zachuma padziko lonse kutsogolera. M'mayiko za bungwe ili, izo anaikira pafupifupi 85% ya onse malonda dziko.

G20 chilengedwe chaka cha 1999. chisankho ofanana pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa oterowo pabwalo la chinapangidwa pa msonkhano wa atumiki ndalama za "Big asanu ndi awiri" mu Washington. The unsembe Conference koyamba mu December chaka chino mu Berlin.

The kutsogolera kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa G20 wakhala otchedwa East Asia zachuma vuto la 1998, zotsatira amene anakhudzidwa pafupifupi dziko lonse. "Mphamvu kuti akhale" kuzindikira kufunika kwa gulu lotero lonse kuti akhoza kulosera ndi kupewa mavuto ofanana mu chuma dziko.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti poyamba panali bungwe lotchedwa G33, lomwe linali, motero, ndi 33 States. Komabe, pasanathe chaka, iye anali lidzasinthidwa G20 ku. Mayiko aphatikizidwa kapangidwe kake? Werengani za izo mu gawo lotsatira.

M'mayiko G20: mndandanda wa mamembala

N'zochititsa chidwi ofuna kuti "Gulu la makumi" unatengedwa yekha atumiki a m'mayiko awiriwa - United States ndi Canada. Mayiko aphatikizidwa G20 lero?

Forum Mayiko zikuphatikizapo 19 chuma kutsogolera ndi European Union monga bungwe losonkhanitsidwa. Komanso misonkhano ndi G20 mapiri kawirikawiri pano, nthumwi za mabungwe ena mayiko - ndi IMF, World Bank, ku Bank chapakati ku Ulaya.

Ili pansipa maiko onse G20 (mndandanda ngati 2015):

1. Australia.
2. Argentina.
3. Brazil.
4. Canada.
5. Mexico.
6. US.
7. Republic of South Africa.
8. Japan.
9. Korea South.
10. Russia.
11. India.
12. Indonesia.
13. China.
14. Saudi Arabia.
15. Turkey.
16. UK.
17. Italy.
18. Germany.
19. France.

M'mayiko onse-ophunzira Forum mayiko kuwonetsedwa chikasu pa mapu pansipa (more zimalimbikitsa hue anasankha States kuti ali m'gulu la "zazikulu zisanu ndi ziwiri").

G20: cholinga ndi maonekedwe a

gulu linakhazikitsidwa ndi cholinga umodzi waukulu: kukwaniritsa khola ndi mosamala kukula kwa zachuma kuti athandize zonse, popanda yekha, mayiko padziko lapansili.

Mawonekedwe chachikulu cha ntchito - ndi misonkhano ndi mapiri kuti mayiko G20 membala pitani chaka chilichonse. Chaka timasankha boma limodzi mu ntchito ya mutu wa bungwe. Iwo anagwiritsanso ndipo udachitikira lotsatira. G20 wogwirizira secretariat amadziwikanso ili mu dziko lino.

Musaganize kuti ntchito G20 okha okha mapiri, amene kutenga malo kamodzi pa chaka. Iwo okha anene utheke ndi ntchito imene ntchito kupitiriza magulu osiyanasiyana ntchito ndi mabungwe a mautumiki. Mwa zolinga kiyi wa bungwe - kupeza njira ziziyenda chuma, chitukuko cha zomangamanga chuma padziko lonse, chitukuko cha zomangamanga chikhalidwe, chakudya chokwanira, kusankha mavuto a chisalungamo ndi ngakhale ndalama ndi kulimbikitsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe ndi nyengo.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, G20 chimango zambiri labwino kwa kutsutsa nkhanza. Choyamba, chifukwa wapangidwa ndi 173 si mbali ya boma la dziko. Chachiwiri, kupanda chilungamo mu ntchito ya gulu lonse.

Mapiri wapachaka wa "Big makumi"

mapiri pachaka ndi nawo mapulezidenti ndi nduna zazikulu za bungwe la "Big makumi" anayamba kuchita mu 2008. Woyamba unachitika mu Washington ndi otchedwa odana ndi mavuto. Nkhani yaikulu pa zokambirana pa uchimo udachitikira anali padziko lonse ndalama vuto la 2007-2008.

Mu 2009 ndi 2010, G-20 udachitikira unachitikira kawiri. Akatswiri kuona kuti kufunika kwakukulu Seoul Summit, umene unachitika mu November 2010. Pa izo, makamaka, nkhani ya mfundo US ndalama ndi China. A amadza yaikulu mu dziko lonse ndipo wachititsa udachitikira ku Australia mu Brisbane mu 2014. Iye analeredwa ndi kukanikiza mavuto atatu: polimbana ndi ziphuphu, mavuto Chiyukireniya ndi vuto la chitetezo padziko lonse wonse.

Russia ndi G-20

Mu 2014, Russia anali amachotsedwa kapangidwe, kani, inaimitsidwa umembala wake mu gulu G8. Choncho, "Big Eyiti" anabwerera ku mtundu G7. Posakhalitsa, anauzidwa kuti Russia akufuna kumana ndi ufulu kutenga nawo mbali pa Forum ndi G20.

The yovuta kwambiri Akuluakulu a ku Russia lero anapereka Australia. Boma la mtundu chilumba amawanena Russia a pokhala nawo kuwonongeka, "ndi Boeing MD 17" mu mlengalenga pa Donbas. Komabe, Summit Australia mu Brisbane, gululo Russian anaitanidwa. Mu "Big twente," Anagwirizana mu chiyembekezo kuti zikuthandizani kuti "kuchepetsa kusagwirizana geopolitical" mu dziko.

Pomaliza ...

Tsopano inu mukudziwa mayiko ndi a G20. Mayiko Organization kupangidwa mu 1999. Poyamba, iye bungwe ndi misonkhano ndipo zokambiranazo pakati pa atumiki zachuma ndi mayiko osiyana. Kenako, mutu wa maiko nawo G20, ndi gulu anayamba mavuto kwambiri padziko lonse.

Kapangidwe makono a G20 zikuphatikizapo 19 limati popanda kudalira m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, komanso bungwe gulu - The European Union (EU).