Calandra Lark: kufotokoza, zakudya, kubalana

Calandra Lark (dzhurbay) - ndi mbalame yaing'ono, yomwe ndi woimba kwambiri. Pa nthawi yomweyo nthawi zambiri ali wachikuda dongo-imvi kuzimiririka kamvekedwe. Inafalitsidwa mbalame, makamaka okhala lotseguka malo: steppes ndi meadows, otsetsereka treeless ndi zitunda theka chipululu ndi mapiri. Iwo kawirikawiri kukhala pa nthambi za tchire ndi mitengo. Maziko chakudya tichipeza chakudya m'chilimwe makamaka mbewu theka-kucha udzu zosiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo. M'nyengo yozizira, iwo kudya mbewu.

zizindikiro munda

Calandra Lark - waukulu, kukula kwa starling mbalame. Chithunzi cha chachikulu ake, wamfupi koma wojintcha. Chovala "Zhavoronkova" mbali ya mbewu ali lalikulu wakuda banga, nthawizina iwo atsekedwa. Pansi mbalame slabopyatnisty, zoyera. Mapiko yotakata ndi mdima akalowa wofiira, ndi m'mphepete kumbuyo ndi malire kuwala, makamaka noticeable pa zinthu zofunika. Mlomo ndi kowala ndi wandiweyani.

Anapeza m'minda steppes. Nthawi zina amayimba atakhala pa chitsamba kapena pansi, koma makamaka - zouluka pamalo okwera mamita 10, pang'onopang'ono kukacha, polongosola Arc. Nyimbo sonorous ndi zovuta. Iwo anamva loti "chrrr" ndi whistler, momveka "Chotsani". Amatsanzira mawu a mbalame ina: khola kumeza, lark wina, linnet, bango warbler, akatumbu, mluzu njale, wodziwa mankhwala, osiyanasiyana pa liu lina.

mtundu

Calandra Lark ali ndi zofunika mtundu wooneka imvi hue. Kumbuyo kwa khosi, mapewa ndi kutsogolo nthenga kumbuyo ndi mdima ndi kuunika ocher nastvolyami m'mbali.

Mdima nastvolya mu nadhvoste ofatsa. Kubisa yaing'ono phiko greyish-bulauni mtundu, lalikulu ndi sing'anga - woderapo, achinyamata kukonzanso ocher woongoka utoto m'mbali. Malekezero a sekondale nthenga ndege ndi kuwala, pafupifupi woyera mawanga. Utsogoleri kwambiri woyera m'munsi ndi mkati webs zofiirira; ndi m'mphepete mwa awiri chachiwiri m'mbali woyera lonse, onse zina - woyera ndi mawanga yaing'ono; onse awiri sekondale bulauni, monochromatic.

The underparts ndi mbalame woyera. Mbali ya mutu grayish-bulauni mitundu; pa maso ali eyebrow yowala. Ndi yaikulu wakuda osajambulidwa pa mbali ya mbewu. Mbali yaikulu ya chifuwa ndi khosi lotupa ndi zofiirira mdima ndi grayish milozo. Gray mbali monga underwings, zokha m'mbuyomu ali zingerengere woyera. Woderapo Iris. Miyendo ndipo mulomo limayererako bulauni.

malo

Calandra Lark zamiyendo Inayi wamoyo, monga dzina lake likunenera, mu malo lotseguka steppe lomwe lili bwino anayamba udzu chivundikirocho.

Mbalame moyo m'mayiko otsatirawa: Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Algeria, Bulgaria, Afghanistan, Greece, Bosnia ndi Herzegovina, Egypt, Georgia, Jordan, Israel, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Spain, Cyprus, Kazakhstan, Lebanon, Kyrgyzstan, Macedonia, Libya, Moldova, Morocco, Portugal, Palestine, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Saudi Arabia, Slovenia, Syria, Tunisia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Croatia, France, Montenegro.

chakudya

Ngati larks ena onse, m'chilimwe Calandra Lark wakudya kokha chakudya nyama. Izo wakudya, mwamsanga kuthamanga kudutsa dziko, ndipo sklevyvaya onse kuti idzagwa pa udzu ndi dziko lapansi. Nthawi zina pamafunika mapiko komanso amayang'ana pamwamba pa tchire. mulomo wake waukulu zambiri mwamphamvu pulasitala ndi matope. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti amabala ku nthaka ang'onoang'ono tizilombo mphutsi. Mlomo zikhoza kubooleza achisanu kutumphuka wa matalala, pamene pansi kuti zipange mbewu Udzu.

Calandra Lark omnivorous. Iye wakudya tizilombo lalikulu - copra, dzombe, m'Chiarabu, etc. Wa tizilombo amapezeka kafadala darkling, weevils, weevils, kafadala tsamba, Olenka, kafadala tirigu, komanso okwera, ntchentche, njuchi, mavu, nyerere ndi ena. Komanso, akangaude - ziri komanso amakonda azichitira mbalame Calandra Lark. Mphamvu, pamene ife tikuwona, ndi kusintha kwambiri. Kuposa ena, adya Orthoptera, chifukwa dongosolo awo ndi zambiri osiyanasiyana. Pa nthawi yomweyo adya pang'ono nsikidzi, scarab, kafadala, mbozi ndi nyerere.

kubalana

ndege Current ndi kuimba umayambira March mpaka m'ma July. Mu nkhani iyi, zomangamanga loyamba zinali zodzaza ndi Zhdanov Borovikov kumapeto March. Zomangamanga zimapezekanso mpaka m'ma June.

Monga ena larks ndi chisa kukhuta pansi chitsamba udzu m'dzenje, mithunzi kwambiri ndi masks. Iwo anamanga masamba zouma ndi zimayambira wa udzu ndi mizu woonda. Monga mwachizolowezi, ndi M'kati zikuphatikizapo zipangizo n'kakang'ono. Nthawi izo ili mu mulu wouma manyowa kavalo. The zowalamulira kungakhale makamaka mazira 5, nthawi zina zidutswa 6. Mazira akuda ndithu, Kamaoneka kapena kuzimitsa zoyera m'munsi ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana za azitona kapena brownish, pang'ono amaona mawanga, amene unakhuthala mathero yosamveka.

wamkazi mmodzi amawaumbatira mazira kwa masiku khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi. Pankhaniyi, kudyetsa chisa kumatenga za masiku khumi.

Angochoka chisa anapiye a kadzidziyo zimachitika kuyambira m'ma May mpaka July, zinaoneka nkhosa yabwino woyendayendawu kuti kudya mapesi, steppes, ndipo misewu wosalimba ndi zina larks. Mu chilimwe, pali nkhosa yaikulu mbalame - 200 mitundu. Migrations kuti tipitirize mpaka autumn mochedwa. Nthawi zambiri kuwonjezera kwa weniweni kugwa ndege. Opezeka paketi angapezeke kum'mwera kwa m'deralo. nkhosa yoyendayenda m'dzinja ndi phokoso kwambiri. Pa nthawi yomweyo mu larks zabwino nyengo kuimba ndi kuuluka ngati kasupe, ndi nyimbo.

moult

Akuluakulu, larks, ngati ena, moult amapezeka kamodzi kokha pachaka, pa August. Anapiye ndi underdeveloped nthenga chivundikiro, lomwe zatha mu chisa nthenga choyamba m'malo nayenso ndi kugwa kwa woyamba "wamkulu", chovala kwambiri.

mphamvu

Calandra Lark - ndi "malo" chachikulu mbalame. Iye zikukhazikitsa pa mtunda wa angapo mamita zana kuchokera awiri, ndi zosaposa 2 mabanja pa mahekitala 1 m'dziko.