Chemical aone kuti pali: mmene kuthana kwambiri

Chemical aone kuti pali angatchedwe zowonera wa mankhwala anachita ndi zizindikiro za Masamu ndi kachitidwe mankhwala. Zimenezi ndi kuwonetsera anachita iliyonse imene mankhwala atsopano.

ntchito mankhwala: Mitundu

Chemical aone kuti pali - ndi ndondomeko ya mmene zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimachitikira. Iwo zochokera m'chilamulo cha kusamala Unyinji wa chinthu chilichonse. Pali mitundu iwiri yokha mosiyanasiyana:

• Mankhwala - zikuphatikizapo m'malo anachita (maatomu m'malo zinthu zovuta maatomu yosavuta reactants), kuwombola (m'malo mbali zikuluzikulu za zipangizo awiri gulu), neutralization (asidi m'munsi anachita, mapangidwe mchere ndi madzi).
• Expansions - mapangidwe awiri ndi zovuta zambiri kapena zophweka zinthu za zovuta wina, koma dongosolo lawo chosavuta.

zochita mankhwala akhoza kugawidwa mitundu: exothermic (kutentha kumasulidwa zimachitika ndi) ndi endothermic (kungolandira kutentha).

Kodi kuthetsa maikwezhoni mosiyanasiyana mankhwala

Mfundo imeneyi ndi nkhawa ophunzira ambiri. Ife predlegaem nsonga zingapo zosavuta kuti ndikuuzani inu momwe kuphunzira kuthetsa maikwezhoni mankhwala:

• Chilakolako kumvetsa ndi mbuye. Mukhoza sasiya cholinga chake.
• chidziwitso ongolankhula. Popanda sikutheka kuti ngakhale mfundo zosavuta pawiri lapansi.
• Kulondola wa kujambula mavuto mankhwala - ngakhale zolakwa pang'ono mu chikhalidwe kuchepetsa kuti ziro onse khama lanu mu zochita zake.

Ndi zofunika kuti ndondomeko kuthetseratu maikwezhoni mankhwala zinali zosangalatsa kwa inu. Kenako aone kuti pali mankhwala (mmene kuthana nawo ndi mfundo muyenera kukumbukira, tikambirana chiyani m'nkhani ino) sadzakhalanso vuto kwa inu.

The mavuto amene anathana ntchito zosiyanasiyana mankhwala maikwezhoni

mavuto njirazi ndi izi:

• Kupeza kulemera kwa chigawo cha misa opatsidwa reagent wina.
• Mdani wa mitundu "misa-Mole".
• Asayansi zochokera kuphatikiza "buku Mole".
• Zitsanzo za ntchito mawu akuti "owonjezera".
• Asayansi ntchito reagents, mmodzi amene akapanda zosafunika.
• Mavuto azingokhala chifukwa cha zimene ndi imfa ya ulimi.
• Mavuto kwa kufufuza chilinganizo.
• Mavuto amene reagents Amawapatsa monga njira.
• Ntchito munali kusakaniza.

Aliyense wa ntchito izi zikuphatikizapo subtypes angapo, omwe kawirikawiri m'lipoti kwambiri zimene woyamba maphunziro umagwirira sukulu.

Chemical aone kuti pali: mmene angachitile

Pali aligorivimu kuti amathandiza kulimbana ndi pafupifupi ntchito iliyonse sayansi yovuta. Kumvetsa mmene angathetsere maikwezhoni mankhwala, muyenera kutsatira chitsanzo ena:

• Powerenga zimene aone kuti pali saiwala kuika koefishienti.
• Kuona njira zimene mungapeze deta osadziwika.
• Kukhoza ntchito mu kufanana asankha chilinganizo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "kuchuluka kwa zinthu".
• Samalani mayunitsi a kayesedwe.

Pomaliza, m'pofunika kukhala onetsetsani kuti vutolo. Polankhula inu mukhoza kupewa cholakwa pulayimale amene anakhudza chifukwa cha zochita.

malamulo Basic wa maikwezhoni mankhwala

Ngati inu kutsatira ndondomeko yolondola, ndiye funso la chomwe aone kuti pali mankhwala, mmene angathetsere izo, chimwemwe pa inu:

• Chilinganizo zinthu kulowa anachita (reactants), analembedwa mu kumanzere kwa aone kuti pali lapansi.
• Chilinganizo zinthu zimene anapanga ndi zimene kale olembedwa mbali ya dzanja lamanja ya aone kuti pali lapansi.

Kukonzekera maikwezhoni zimene zochokera m'chilamulo cha kusamala zinthu misa. Choncho, m'madera onse a aone kuti pali ayenera kukhala ofanana, mwachitsanzo. E. Ndi nambalayi maatomu. Izi chingapezeke, malinga mayikidwe moyenera koefishienti kuti zinthu mitunduyi.

Mayikidwe a koefishienti mu aone kuti pali mankhwala

koefishienti Kusinthaku aligorivimu motere:

• Pachiwerengero cha kumanzere ndipo lamanja la atomu iliyonse amafotokozera.
• Khama la kusintha chiwerengero cha maatomu a chinthu ichi. Muyeneranso kupeza N.O.K.
• Kukonzekera koefishienti zimatheka ndi kugawa N.O.K. pa akalozera lapansi. Onetsetsani kulemba chiwerengero pamaso mitunduyi.
• Chotsatira ndi kutembenuka kwa chiwerengero cha maatomu. Nthawi zina muyenera kubwereza kanthu.

Zokwanira zidutswa mankhwala anachita kumachitika kudzera koefishienti lapansi. The mawerengedwe a akalozera ndi opangidwa ndi valence.

Pakuti bwino atakhala ndi kuthetsa maikwezhoni mankhwala ayenera kuganizira thupi katundu wa nkhaniyi, monga buku, kachulukidwe, misa. M'pofunikanso kudziwa boma la dongosolo yatikhudza (ndende, kutentha, kuthamanga), kumvetsa mayunitsi a zedi izi.

Kumvetsa funso la chomwe aone kuti pali mankhwala, mmene angathetsere iwo, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo zikuluzikulu ndi mfundo za sayansi. Bwinobwino kuwerengetsa mavutowa, izo ndi zofunika kukumbukira kapena kuphunzira luso la ntchito masamu kukhala wokhoza kuchita ntchito ndi manambala. Tikukhulupirira nsonga wathu kudzakhala kosavuta kupirira maikwezhoni mankhwala.