Chilinganizo cha soda. Koloko: chilinganizo ntchito

Nthawi zina ndithu wamba bwino kuyambira zinthu ubwana ndi pafupifupi limathetseratu vuto lina lililonse matenda ambiri ndi matenda. osati aliyense amadziwa izo. Mmodzi pawiri otere mwachizolowezi soda, amasungidwa lililonse nduna ku khitchini. Iwo likukhalira kuti iye si njira yowongolera kuphika, komanso mankhwala, degreaser, oyeretsa ndi ngakhale decontaminating wothandizira. Dziŵani ndi mankhwala mwatsatanetsatane.

Mankhwala maziko a koloko

Dzina lolondola kwa kugwirizana pa mfundo zimapangidwira - soda. Pali ena mayina ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku ndi umagwirira kufotokoza mankhwala:

• ndi sodium bicarbonate;
• soda;
• soda;
• ndi sodium bicarbonate;
• zowonjezera E 500.

Komabe, aliyense wa iwo kusonyeza woona yekha zomwenso - chakumwa.

Chilinganizo wazotsatira

Chilinganizo cha soda - NaHCO _3. Kuti mwa chikhalidwe cha thunthu - ndi mchere asidi carbonic, zokhudzana ndi gulu la acid. Popeza pawiri la aumbike ndi soda amphamvu ndi asidi ofooka, ndiye ndi hydrolysis (mu amadzimadzi njira) kwa sing'anga zamchere anachita. A njira ya soda ndi madzi ali pH wa 8.1. mchere Acid mosavuta popangidwa ndi yatikhudza hydroxide ndi sodium ndi asidi carbonic, njira zowonetseredwa ndi anthu aone kuti pali zotsatirazi:

NaOH + H ₂ NKHA ₃ = NaHCO ₃ + H ₂ O

Chilinganizo wazotsatira ya soda zikusonyeza Mkhalidwe ndi kachulukidwe zikuchokera pawiri pa maziko umene Ndizachidziwikire pa kapangidwe okhudza malo a molekyulu ndi zabwino mlandu cation ndi Na ⁺ m'munda kunja ndi ion zoipa mlandu, hydrogencarbonate HCO ₃ - m'katikati.

mpweya atomu Kutsata padziko yokha maatomu mpweya atatu, imodzi imene imagwiritsidwa ubale awiri. Komanso, mmodzi wa ma atomu mpweya chikugwirizana ndi haidrojeni cation mawonekedwe gidroksogrupp. Wachitatu mpweya atomu mu mawonekedwe a sodium wochuluka ion kugwirizana yapafupi cation. Choncho, kulipidwa valency aliyense mchitidwe amapanga pawiri anapatsidwa.

thupi katundu

Kaya dzina ife anapatsa mankhwala si - soda, kumwa, carbonate, sodium bicarbonate - chilinganizo izo akadali limodzi ndi kupereka lingaliro la katundu thupi. Choncho, kuoneka phulusa - ufa wosalala. mtundu ndi woyera. Ndi sungunuka m'madzi ndi pafupifupi insoluble mankhwala ndiponso (mowa, mwachitsanzo). Panja si linakwiriridwa. Umayamba kuwola ndinso pa chinyezi okwera yozungulira. The mankhwala a azingokhala wathunthu kukwera kutentha ndi sodium wochuluka carbonate (pafupifupi mchere), mpweya woipa ndi madzi:

NaHCO ₃ = Na ₂ NKHA ₃ + NKHA ₂ + H ₂ O

Sodium bicarbonate alibe fungo, pang'ono mchere kulawa, kumva kukoma ndi soda. Pamene kusungunuka m'madzi, limapereka njira zamchere wa woipa osiyana.

mudziwe mwachidule mbiri ya chotulukira ndi ntchito koloko

Mfundo yoyamba za soda iwonso adali chitukuko wakale wa Egypt. Ndi malo amene nyanja zingapo zomwe zili ndi zachilengedwe a koloko anagawanika. Pamene atayanika la nyanja anapereka koloko mu mawonekedwe a ufa woyera, koma anthu amene anali anasonkhana. Aiguputo ntchito monga chigawo kupanga njira kukonzera mitembo kuti isawonongeke. Chilinganizo cha soda ndiye adali wodziwika.

Mwachindunji, monga chuma mankhwala pawiri wakhala anaphunzira patapita nthawi yaitali, kuzungulira m'ma XVIII. Ndi pamene asayansi chidwi ufa izi aumbike mwachibadwa mwachibadwa. Mosamala zikuchokera kusanthula analola kudziwa Mkhalidwe ndi kachulukidwe chigawo pawiri. Umu ndi mmene chilinganizo yamakono ya soda.

Great mphatso za chitukuko mfundo za nkhaniyi ndi katundu anasonyeza mwa iwo unayamba ndi Chitaliyana dokotala Tullio Simoncini. Iye ndi za kafukufuku wawo, zotsatira zomwe koloko - zotheka mankhwala njira kwa khansara. Komabe, kwa tsiku, deta yolondola, umenewu ndi umboni kumeneko.

ofunsira

Chifukwa mphamvu zake zabwino kupasuka mu madzi ndi chiyani wina ndi zidulo kupanga zimene carbon dioxide, koloko ntchito m'minda angapo makampani ndi banja. Ndicho, monga:

• pharmaceutics ndi mankhwala;
• makampani mankhwala;
• kuwala makampani;
• chakudya makampani.

Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane aliyense madera.

Ntchito mankhwala

Chofunika, kodi maziko a ntchito mankhwala mankhwala - ndi mphamvu yake kuti achire ndi amadzimadzi-zamchere bwino kapepala kakuti m'mimba. Pawiri NaHCO ₃ anafotokoza kuti mankhwala mankhwala ochotsa asidi. Chilinganizo cha soda akusonyeza pamaso pa ayoni hydroxide, kuchita ntchito ya neutralizing acidity mu thupi. Choncho, ambiri madzi njira ya soda ntchito kuthetsa zizindikiro za kutentha pa chifuwa. Komabe, izi si malo okha matenda, kumene mankhwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

1. Mankhwalawa chimfine soda relieves chifuwa monga amalimbikitsa liquefaction ndi kuchotsa sputum kwa mapapo ndi bronchi. Komanso n'zotheka kuchita inhalations ndi SARS.
2. Monga bactericidal odana ndi yotupa wothandizila ndi amagwiritsidwanso ntchito soda. Chilinganizo izo zimanyezimiritsa pamaso pa cations wa hydrogen H ^{+ zimene} zimapereka amenewa.
3. Zochizira matenda a mtima (oopsa ndi arrhythmia) amatanthauza njira ofooka soda mu madzi.
4. Pamene kutsekula ndi kusanza, ntchito soda ndi mchere pamodzi limakupatsani kudzaza madzi otetezedwa thupi ndi kubwezeretsa bwino kutero.
5. thunthu zingawononge matenda a mafangasi, choncho ntchito kuchotsa bowa phazi kuchita douching njira thrush, ndasambitsa inflammations diso la conjunctiva.
6. Chifukwa katundu wa ntchito oyeretsa koloko dentifrice.
7. Ofooka njira kumatha pruritus pa ziwengo (kapena kulumidwa ndi tizilombo).
8. Chithandizo koyamba digiri amayaka.
9. Kucepetsa thupi salt heavy.
10. Zimachitika mpumulo maganizo ndi kutopa kwambiri, komanso ndiyotani pakuchotsa kulemera owonjezera pogwiritsa ntchito kusamba ofunda ndi NaHCO _3, ndi mafuta n'kofunika.

Ubwino ndi kuopsa kwa soda pamene ntchito mankhwala zolinga, kuphatikizapo zodzoladzola, akhoza kunena zambiri. Ulamuliro waukulu ndi ntchito chida ichi, komanso mankhwala ena aliwonse - osati kunyalanyaza malangizo pa mlingo. Mopitirira Muyeso zingakhale zovulaza thanzi.

Koloko: chilinganizo ndi ntchito makampani mankhwala

Dera lalikulu limene ndi sodium bicarbonate ntchito, - ndi umagwirira banja. Koloko atumikire monga wofatsa pamalo abrasive zotsukira ndi degreasing. Ndiponso ntchito monga chuma yaiwisi kupanga utoto, thovu ndi mankhwala fluoride. Komanso, zochokera NaHCO ₃ chopangidwa wozimitsa wothandizira.

Simungathe kulingalira kodi apanga popanda ndi sodium bicarbonate mankhwala banja. Soda - yofunika komanso zofunikira chigawo cha syntheses mankhwala ambiri.

makampani kuwala

Zochizira kali mu kupanga labala, mphira zidendene ndi mankhwala ntchito koloko. Chilinganizo, ntchito, mavuto ndi ubwino soda makampani kuwala - nkhani yophunzira. Mwachidule, udindo wa NaHCO _3, ikukhudza ntchito mu kupanga nsalu ndi zikopa yokumba. Pankhaniyi, kuwonongeka akuwonetseredwa mu maonekedwe a amayaka ngati kukhudzana ndi thunthu ndi aatali kwambiri ndipo manja ake sanali otetezedwa. phindu ndi koloko - kuwonjezeredwa kwambiri ndi degreaser khungu khungu ndi kupanga ake, komanso nsalu zabwino oyeretsa mu ntchito nsalu.

makampani processing chakudya

Chilinganizo cha soda mu umagwirira amasonyeza akamanena za njira mu zochita ndi zidulo. Mwachitsanzo, anthu aone kuti pali zotsatirazi anafotokozedwa ndi yatikhudza acid acetic:

NaHCO ₃ + CH ₃ COOH = CH ₃ COONa + H ₂ NKHA ₃

Izi ndipamene asidi carbonic, kukhala yovuta yomweyo amaola mu NKHA ₂ ndi H ₂ O. Ndi pa izi makamaka nthenda zosiyanasiyana zochokera ndi ntchito ya soda makampani chakudya. Ndipotu, m'pofunika kuti yopanga soda kuzimitsa vinyo wosasa, kuwonjezera kusakaniza mu mtanda kwa porosity ake ndi structuring bwino. Koloko othetsa zimene mtundu neutralization anachita ndi limodzi ndi zochititsa chidwi zotsatira thobvu ndi hiss.

Ntchito koloko kupanga mikate zofewa kwambiri, onunkhira ndi wokongola, kotero makampani chakudya - mmodzi wa zigawo yaikulu tonnage ntchito mankhwala. Komanso, sodium bicarbonate ntchito kuphika, mu kupanga mankhwala osiyanasiyana Confectionery. Komanso, ntchito kupanga thovu mpweya mowa enaake (wothwanima madzi, vinyo wothwanima ndi vinyo wothwanima madzi mchere).

Soda: makhalidwe ndi mankhwala. Vuto ndi contraindications

Ndipotu, ntchito koloko ndi ambiri zosiyanasiyana mafakitale ndi moyo, monga taonera kale. Ake zachilendo umathandizanso, antibacterials, bleaches, ululu ndi kuchiritsa katundu ntchito mankhwala a matenda osiyanasiyana. Komabe, monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, tirinso ndi chakumwa ndipo mbali ina. Zingakhale zoipa ndi zoopsa thanzi. Iwo zikuonetsa ntchito ndi zoonekeratu, koma n'kofunika, ndi contraindications, amene tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane.

Vuto ndi contraindications

Munthu angathe tchulani ndi zifukwa zingapo zofunika kuti koloko akhoza kukhala mdani osati bwenzi ndi mthandizi.

1. Ndi ntchito yaitali njira amapezeka mkati zimakhudzanso asidi linagawidwa. Ichi ndi ndondomeko imene ndalama owonjezera mpweya woipa anamasulidwa mu thupi, zikubweretsa kuchuluka acidity ndi kuchuluka gazootvedeniyu, bloating.
2. Long kukhudzana ndi ufa zingachititse mkwiyo ndi totupa.
3. Lumikizanani ndi youma koloko phulusa mu maso, mphuno kapena nembanemba ena mucous wa thupi chifukwa mankhwala amayaka.
4. Pamene ntchito ufa oyeretsa mano ndi chatsitsa n'kakang'ono dzino enamel.
5. Pafupipafupi kumwa NaHCO ₃ mkati zingachititse kumverera kwa nseru ndi osatekeseka.

Choncho, n'zoonekeratu kuti osati ntchito zabwino ankaimba ndi koloko munthu. Phindu ndi mopweteka ya mankhwala - ndi osokoneza mbali. Patsogolo kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri soda kwa ndiyotani pakuchotsa matenda osiyanasiyana, ayenera kufunsa dokotala. Ngati koloko ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku (kukonza pamalo, oyeretsa nsalu ndi zina zotero), muyenera kunyalanyaza njira zofunika chitetezo omwe sanali ntchito ya thunthu.