Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti ECG mtima

Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti ECG akhoza molondola kudziwa kuvutika mu ntchito mtima, akuyendayenda pamapindikira ndi chithunzi cha mlingo mtima. Electrocardiogram - kuphunzira ntchito za ntchito mtima kwa zaka zina za nthawi. Amasonyeza njira magetsi mu mnofu mtima, monga depolarization - chisangalalo, ndi repolarization - kubwezeretsa maselo m'mnyewa wamtima. Electrocardiogram anachita transthoracic, kuti, kudzera mwa chifuwa, ntchito maelekitirodi anaika padziko khungu, ndi kujambula zina kuwerenga pa chipangizo wapadera. Yoyenera decoding wa ECG amapereka mwayi kwa bwino kukhazikitsa matenda molondola ndipo ngati n'koyenera, kudziwa chithandizo yake.

ECG imakhala mafano a zigawo mano ndi mipata. Dents cardiogram - ndiyo mfundo zoopsa ngati mizere pamapindikira akuimira zilembo za Chiroma amakhala ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi: matenda chidule (P), contractions yamitsempha yamagazi (Q, R, S) ndi yamitsempha yamagazi yosangalala (T). Waminga «U» ndi kuwapatsa malangizo mocheperapo olembedwa. Zigawo - zigawo ndi mzere wolunjika polumikiza mano pafupi. Zofunika kwambiri ndi mawu olembedwa a electrocardiogram ndi mu PQ ndi cha ku Switzerland zigawo. Mwachitsanzo, PQ mizere mzere anapanga mu nthawi malemeredwe wa akuchedwa mfundo za atrioventricular (atrioventricular). Mosinthanasinthana - osakaniza mano ndi zigawo. The intervals zofunika kwambiri ECG ndi intervals PQ ndi Q- T.

Malemeredwe mu myocardium wa ventricles mtima wofanana ndi maonekedwe pa ECG QRS zovuta anapereka, chifukwa si chachikulu atrium minofu, koma ali ndi septum interventricular. The QRS zovuta loyamba amati kukula mano munthu. Ngati yoweyula matalikidwe kuposa 5 mm, izi anasankha likulu makalata Q, R, ndipo S, kumene matalikidwe a zoyenda n'chochepa mu ukulu, izo kukhala Kwalamulidwa kalata yaing'ono Q, r Mukhoza kapena m. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti ECG kumatanthauza kuwerenga olondola a mano. Waminga R (R) - aliyense imatsogoleredwa oposa - dzino zabwino limabweretsa QRS zovuta. Aliyense kunsi - dzino zoipa kwambiri kutsogolo dzino R, Kwalamulidwa monga Q (Q), ndi pambuyo pake kwa dzino R - ndi dzino S (s). Waminga Q amadziwika ndi depolarization wa interventricular septum, m'mnyewa wamtima infarction, ndipo ali yaitali kuya phindu. Waminga R limasonyeza depolarization wa chochuluka myocardium, ndipo S zikusonyeza dzino zigawo ntchito matenda a interventricular septum.

Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti ECG mtima imakhala ndi kafukufuku zisanu mfundo kuwerenga:

1. kusanthula za kugunda kwa mtima ndi conduction mtima. kusanthula izi zomwe mwayika periodicity Chiyerekezo kugunda kwa mtima, mtima wa kugunda kwa mtima (HR), kukhazikitsidwa kwa gwero malemeredwe ndi conduction khalidwe;

2. Khama la olamulira magetsi a nyemba za mumtima;

3. Kuphunzira matenda yoweyula P;

4. kuphunzira QRST zovuta;

5. Kutsiliza ECG diagnostics.

Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti ECG mtima wathanzi munthu umayamba ndi yochepa matenda yoweyula (AB), kuwalitsa kusintha mu mphamvu ya ventricles ndi magazi kulowa nthawi ya systole - matenda chidule. Mu yoweyula izi electrocardiogram sitingathe P-yoweyula ndi Ndiye ukupita mmwamba, kusonyeza systole yamitsempha yamagazi. Izi nyamuka phompho (b-d) motere dzino Q ndi chimatsatira malo yopingasa (D-e). The zosangalatsa nthawi ya ventricle kumanzere ndi kuchepetsa kuthamanga mmenemo, ndi pamapindikira yokhudza ufiti agwa pansi (e-g), ga mfundo limafanana ndi kutsegula valavu mitral ndi liwiro la magazi ventricles lapansi. Chotsatirapo cha kuchepetsa ndi mfundo imene limafanana ndi voteji wa valavu mitral, ndi mfundo f, lolingana kutsekedwa kwa vavu kung'ambika. Pambuyo systolic yoweyula mitundu yamitsempha yamagazi kudzazidwa yoweyula (g-h) ndipo m'mbuyo amanena (k-a). Otsatidwa ndi kubwereza ECG vuto la mtima wathanzi anthu.