Chiphunzitso zamulungu za chiyambi cha boma mu Ages Middle

Nthawi zina munali osiyana kwambiri chiphunzitso cha magwero a boma ndi malamulo. Limati ambiri a kum'mawa kalelo, Mwachitsanzo, ankakhulupirira kuti izi mfundo za dongosolo la ndale sikunachitike chifukwa cha chitukuko cha ubale wa anthu, ndi kuyika kachiwiri. Mu Babulo wakale, Egypt, China, wolamulira, mfumu, mfumu ankaona woimira milungu padziko lapansi, mwana wa kumwamba, ndipo ngakhale mwiniwake wa milungu. Iye anatenga mphamvu wapamwamba wa njira yopatulika. Anakhulupirira kuti zolengedwa zakumwamba bungwe milu primordial, analenga dziko, ndi olamulira a padziko lapansi monga milungu, anali kukonza ndi bungwe moyo padziko lapansi.

Nthawi zambiri, munthu akawerenga chiphunzitso zaumulungu ya chiyambi cha boma ndi malamulo zinkachitika mu Ages Middle mchikakamizo cha kumadzulo, Baibulo Latin of Christianity, kunali lingaliro chimene chimabweretsa kwa deification wa mabungwe a mphamvu. Mu nkhani za sayansi ndi otchuka nthawi zambiri zinkakambidwa pofuna mawu a Mtumwi Paulo kuti palibe mphamvu omwe si a Mulungu, choncho m'pofunika kugonjera boma lokhazikitsidwa ndi chifuniro cha Mulungu. Komabe, ngati mulankhula vutoli kwambiri, tidzaona kuti kwenikweni anali pang'ono zovuta.

Medieval anthu ku Ulaya sanali amapanga monolithic limodzi gulu. Mu nthawi ya feudalism anali ambiri milingo gulu kugwirizana ndi kachitidwe zosokoneza asapita m'manja. Kuwonjezera mphamvu amene anaupereka ndi mfumu ndipo ambiri mafumu (zambiri Ngopambana akale okha mwadzina), udindo, viscounts ndi akalonga ena, panali mphamvu ya Mpingo monga wolamulira dziko (papa, Bishopu a, Episcopal, ndi zina zotero). Omumvera awa akhala pamodzi ndi mzake ngati ankhanza ndi anagwirizana Relations. Choncho chiphunzitso zamulungu za chiyambi cha boma analiko mitundu angapo.

Choyamba, izo ankakhulupirira kuti linauziridwa ndi Mulungu si lonse boma bungwe lonse ndi zinthu zake, monga mafumu kapena gulu lankhondo lolemera. Komanso mawu Mtumwi anamasulira kutanthauziridwa mu njira yakuti yekha mphamvu yeniyeni, lopatsidwa mwa Mulungu. Ndipo apa anali osiyana kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale pankhaniyi pa nkhani imeneyi. Zinkachitika mu anthu akale a Roma Katolika akukhulupirira kuti chiphunzitso zaumulungu ya chiyambi cha boma wolungama ulamuliro wa pontifi Roma pa akuluakulu ena onse a dzikoli. Ambiri a zaka achilamulo Papa analemba Mfundo lonse kuti Papa m'malo Mulungu padziko lapansi, ndi chifukwa iye ndi mfumu wapamwamba, ndi mafumu ndi mafumu - atumiki ake.

Si onse olamulira ndi akalonga, kuphatikizapo ana ang'onoang'ono, anagwirizana ndi mfundo imeneyi. Mwachitsanzo, mafumu akale zonse mpikisano ndipo anamenyana ndi mapapa mphamvu aboma, amene kumaonekera kwa nthawi yaitali chifukwa investiture. Zing'onozing'ono zambiri ambuye ang'onoang'ono basi zotsutsana ndi mabishopu ndi abbots pankhondo ambiri m'dziko zokhudza chuma. Ndipo kuyambira nthawi Aroma abwino wotchuka kwambiri wachikhristu opanda mphamvu, pauperitas, kupereka ulamuliro, ndi chifukwa otsutsa ambiri achipembedzo ngakhale analalikira kuti chiphunzitso zamulungu za chiyambi cha boma ziribe kanthu kochita ndi choonadi. M'malo mwake, mlembi wa utsogoleri wolowezana lonse la ulamuliro ndi subordination zitha kukhala "mfumu ya dziko lino," kuti ndiye Mdierekezi.

Komabe, mu Gothic nyengo Western European anthu akale, iye analemba odziwika British mbiri Robert Mur, kupanga "kuzunzidwa ndi anthu." Ambiri a chitsutso cha maganizo a chipembedzo ndi ndale anatsutsidwa ndi mpingo achikunja, onse kukana kuletsedwa, ndi lonse mabanja apamwamba, ndipo ngakhale mafumu ufumu, amene sankagwirizana - anawonongedwa. Anakhala chiphunzitso lalikulu zamulungu za chiyambi cha boma, lomwe watsimikizira Foma Akvinsky. Izi ndi katswiri wotchuka amene analenga maziko a nzeru Catholic, nayenso, ankaona boma chilengedwe cha Mulungu, amene akufuna kumanga dziko nauyang'anire mu dongosolo. Komabe, iye ananena kuti dziko (kuphatikizapo monarchical) Mphamvu ali chiyambi ndi Mulungu, ngati mpingo ndi lupanga lapansi amateteza zimene atsogoleri kupeza lupanga.