Magwero a boma ndi ufulu - chiphunzitso, loyenera onse

Boma Komabe, ngati yoyenera - zodabwitsazi, popanda imene kuli anthu masiku ano. Choncho, akatswiri azamalamulo anafuna kudziwa mapangidwe awo, yomwe inayamba, ndi njira, ngakhale mu nthawi ya BC. A anayamba kupanga chifukwa chiwerengero cha ziphunzitso kufotokoza magwero a boma ndi malamulo.

Chiphunzitso cha choyamba - Mulungu, ndi zamulungu. Malinga ndi izo, zimayambitsa ndi zikhalidwe za boma ndi malamulo anaikidwa nzeru zapamwamba. Kapena, zochokera chakuti tate wa chiphunzitso chimenechi chinali Foma Akvinsky, chifuniro cha Ambuye Mulungu. Iye akhapidziwa kuti boma ndi apamwamba kwambiri gulu la anthu, ndi mapangano, wotumidwa ndi Mulungu, ayenera kutenga maonekedwe a lamulo. Pankhaniyi, boma ayenera kusamalira okha munthu - ". Wolowa mmalo a Mulungu padziko lapansi" mfumu, amene kwenikweni ake ndi Chiphunzitsochi bwinobwino kuti zimachitika Zapakati. Tikumbukenso kuti m'dziko masiku ano pali limanena kuti zimamangidwa ndendende pa mfundo imeneyi. Pa nthawi yomweyo amasonyeza osati chikhulupiriro cha Akhristu.

Chiphunzitso cha chachiwiri - banjalo. Magwero a boma ndi malamulo, malinga ndi iye, yilungamitsidwa pa maziko a zopanda za kupatulika kwa banja. Choncho, kholo la boma ndi banja, amene ali mu ndondomeko ya chitukuko, wakula kukula kwa dziko. A gwero la malamulo mogwirizana ndi chiphunzitso chimenechi ndi chifuniro cha atate (mbadwa). Mfundo nthawi mpaka zaka mazana makumi awiri, maganizo ali ndi ufulu kukhala ndi zambiri anali anatsindika mfundo kuli monarchies mtheradi. History of State ndi Chilamulo cha Russian pang'ono akutsimikiza mfundo imeneyi.

chiphunzitso lachitatu, chiphunzitso cha chiwawa. Malinga ndi izo, zimayambitsa ndi zikhalidwe za boma mizu mwa mfundo ya kupulumuka kwa Zamphamvu lapansi. Olemba, amene anali K.Kautsky E.Dyuring ndipo ankanena kuti mu njira ya chitukuko cha anthu yakhala kufunika kugonjera ndi kasamalidwe champhamvu pa ofooka. Ndipo chifukwa chipangizo "institutionalized chiwawa" ndi malamulo amene amalimbikitsa kanthu lamphamvu, chimene analandiranso udindo wa chilamulo wakhazikitsidwa.

Chiphunzitso cha wachinayi - patrimonial. Bukuli lili ndi mfundo yakuti magwero a boma ndi malamulo zachokera umwini wa ziwembu dziko. Choncho, mapangidwe boma monga chodabwitsa malamulo ndi chifukwa chakuti padziko munthu wina anaikira kwambiri m'dziko oyenera zambiri zosangalatsa. wotsalawo adachititsidwa kuumirizidwa kuti malo awa renti pa zinthu atapereka ndi mwanaciro munda. Ndi zinthu izi ndi pambuyo pake udindo wa malamulo.

Chiphunzitso cha wachisanu, anavomera. Magwero a boma ndi malamulo inachokera pa mgwirizano chikhalidwe. JJ Rousseau, Gugo Grotsy ndi ena ambiri kanjedza Chenicheni anapereka dziko lingaliro limene boma zayamba chifukwa chakuti pa nthawi ina anthu agwirizana kuti muzibwera palimodzi mu gulu makamaka ndi kusamutsa gawo la ufulu wake kusamalira kagulu kena ka anthu olemekezeka. Chifukwa, yotsirizira zachitika pophatikizidwa ambiri a makhalidwe, mpamene padali malamulo.

Chiphunzitso cha Six - m'maganizo. Spencer, Troubetzkoy, Petrazhitsky Freud ankanena kuti boma akhoza kupangidwa kokha chikhalidwe chimene ena akufuna kusamalira, ndi ena - (a zambiri) kugonjera. Ananena ichi chakuti khalidwe la munthu zoti mwina mfundo yoyamba kapena yachiwiri. Choncho ndikofunikira kuti akonze dongosolo kuti kodi kuganizira zochita pamwamba.

Chiphunzitso cha chisanu ndi chiwiri - chuma. Ikani patsogolo ndi Marx ndi Chichewa, iwo anafotokoza kuti boma anachokera kusandulika dongosolo wosazindikira limodzi, ndi bwino - ndi mwayi ndi taboos. The kutsogolera kwa kusintha kumeneku anali zinthu umoyo ndi zachuma.

Sitingathe kunena kuti aliyense mfundo ndiyo njira yokhayo yolondola imodzi. History of State ndi Chilamulo, Russia wakhala atakangana zopanda izi. Pambuyo phunziro lozama yapereka mwayi wosonyeza kuti ndi zinthu zakuthupi, ndi postulates ndi chiphunzitso cha chiwawa, ndi mikangano ya mkulu wa mabishopu ndi patrimonial. Amene kamodzinso zikutsimikizira kuti vuto la mapangidwe a boma lamulo amagwirabe ntchito kuchita.