Chithunzi cha Botticelli "Spring" - chimodzi mwa ntchito zodabwitsa zojambula

Nthaŵi ya Kubadwanso Kwatsopano kwa Chikhalidwe, ku zojambula bwino kwambiri zomwe Botticelli yopenta "Spring" imatanthauzira momveka bwino kumpoto kwa Italy, m'madera akuluakulu a chikhalidwe - Florence, Venice. Panali malingaliro atsopano omwe anawonekera, malingana ndi nzeru ya Agiriki akale, Plato, Pythagoras, Homer ndi Virgil, omwe analembedwera kudziko lapansi la munthu, ku chikhumbo chake chauzimu (ngakhale maphunziro apamwamba a zaumulungu a azamulungu a Middle Ages). Iyi inali nthawi ya kubadwa kwa chozizwitsa chodabwitsa, chomwe chinadzatchedwa kuti Renaissance, kapena Renaissance, chomwe kwa zaka mazana ambiri chinatsimikizira njira ya chitukuko cha filosofi, zolemba, kujambula ndi kujambulidwa.

Sandro Botticelli anabadwa mu 1444 (1445) ku Florence, kumene anakhala moyo wake wonse, tsiku la imfa limatanthawuza malo amodzi mwa 1510, ena mwa 1515. Dzina lake lenileni linali Filippe, ndipo Botticelli - dzina la maluŵa, yemwe wojambula wake wamtsogolo ankagwira ntchito monga wophunzira. Florence m'masiku amenewo anali pakati pa malingaliro atsopano, ndipo Botticelli monga wojambula wamkulu kwambiri sakanakhoza kukhala kutali, akuphatikiza nzeru yatsopano ya kukongola kwa Renaissance mu kukongola kwake kodabwitsa ndi zogwira mtima.

Chithunzi cha Botticelli "Spring" chinalembedwa mu 1477 (1478) pamtengo wokhala ndi mafuta ndi tempera. Zimadziwika kuti adalamulidwa ndi mmodzi wa a Medici ngati mphatso ya ukwati kwa mbale wake. Ndiye kutchulidwa kwake ngati gawo la kukongoletsa kwa Nyumba ya Medici kumapezeka mu 1638. Ndipo kuchokera mu 1815 kujambulidwa "Spring" kwa Botticelli ndi chimodzi mwa ziwonetsero zamtengo wapatali zojambula zithunzi za Uffizi Gallery ku Florence.

Cholinga cha chithunzithunzichi ndi chiphunzitso chachinsinsi kwambiri, m'magulu ake onse, m'malingaliro amodzi mwa mfundo zazikulu zokhudzana ndi Kubadwanso kwatsopano zimatsutsana - chirichonse pa dziko lapansi chiri pansi pa kukonda, chomwe chiri chochokera kwa Mulungu ndipo ndi gwero la kuberekeranso padziko lapansi, chizindikiro cha masika. Chinsalu chophatikizidwa chagawidwa m'magulu atatu. Chithunzi chachikulu chikutengedwa ndi fano la Venus, mulungu wamkazi wachikondi, yemwe amadalitsa zonse zomwe zikuchitika kuzungulira iye. Pamwamba pake amatsuka mnzake wosasintha - chikho chamaso ndi maso, chingwe ndi uta. Ku mbali ya kumanzere kwa chinsalucho akuwonetsedwera wotchuka wamatsenga Mercury - mtumiki wa milungu, mphunzitsi wa nzeru, akubalalitsa mitambo. Palinso mitu itatu - mndandanda wa mulungu wamkazi Venus - wothamanga kusewera. Iwo, atagwirana manja mwamphamvu ndikupanga mgwirizano wosagwirizana, amasonyeza umunthu wokongola, chiyero ndi chisangalalo - chikondi chimachitika ndi chiyani mu mawonetseredwe ake apamwamba.

Kumanja pajambula la "Botani" la Botticelli ndi nthano yonena za mphepo ya Zephyr ndi nymph Chloris, yemwe adamugwira ndikumupanga mkazi wake. Anadzutsidwa mu Chloris, chikondi chinamuyesa kukhala mulungu wamkazi wa Spring, akuwonetsa dziko lapansi ndi maluwa. Zimatengedwa apa, pafupi ndi ziwerengero za Zephyr ndi Chloris, zokhala ndi zovala zokongola ndi maluwa a chimanga, omwe amawonetsera chikhalidwe chabwino, ndi zikopa pamutu ndi pamutu, zomwe zimakhala ndi chamomile ndi buttercups - zizindikiro za kukhulupirika ndi chuma.

Mtundu wodabwitsa wa ntchito ya Sandro Botticelli "Spring" ngati kuti yokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa onunkhira, omwe amapatsa mphamvu yake heroine padziko lapansi mowolowa manja. Pa mdima wakuda wa mitengo ya lalanje, zithunzi zowala zazovala zovala zoyera zimakhala zokopa kwambiri, nkhope zawo ndi maonekedwe awo, ngakhale zaumulungu, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Kujambula Botticelli "Spring" akadakalipo imodzi mwa zojambula zozizwitsa za nthawi yakuthambo, koma nthawi zonse.