Chitukuko China mu Ages Middle

M'zaka Amowabu tingalankhule za ndondomeko za kukula mofulumira m'tawuni. Chikukula m'tawuni, amapanga m'madera kum'mwera oposa 10%, pali mtundu watsopano wa mzinda -trade-luso Posad (zhen). M'mizinda ikuluikulu monga Kaifeng, Changsha, Hangzhou, Fuzhou, Quanzhou, anakhala anthu oposa theka miliyoni, ndipo anthu ndi mapeto a Hangzhou Song totaled pafupifupi 1.2 miliyoni. An zasintha anali chiyembekezo chakuti moyo mzinda kutsekedwa, atazungulira steppes kumpanda. Ndi Kuwonjezera izi kwa malonda msika Kuphunzira-la ndi misewu malonda luso m'tawuni akalipo guilds.

Iwo anakhala zambiri, ndipo ambiri ake kuposa kale. Koma chikhalidwe cha awo aang'ono anasintha: akanakhalabe ziyang'aniridwe akuluakulu a boma ikuchitika ntchito zachuma, anakonza lochitira mkati mwa osiyana- siyana antchito. chitukuko China mu Ages Middle ....

Trade unakula mofulumira: mu theka lachiwiri la m'zaka XI. buku wake chinawonjezeka ndi za 1/3. Choncho nablyudaetsm chiwerengero cha zatsopano: ntchito malonda mogwirizana ndi zinthu mfundo yachilendo kunadetsa anasamukira ku kum'mwera kum'mawa kwa dziko, pali lalikulu makampani wamalonda, kuwonjezera malonda osiyanasiyana, malonda msonkho kutenga chikhalidwe cha dongosolo ndi kukhala gwero kwambiri za ndalama mosungiramo.

Mpatuko ndi malonda achilendo: Kumpoto - malire ndi polumikizira ndi Liao ndi Western Xia, mu South East - nyanja. Yotsirizira makamaka ukuyenda pambuyo mapangidwe la Southern Song Ufumu. Mu XII-XIII zaka. ndi mwina, pasanathe nthawi, amadalira wotsagana ndi Mzimuyo ake akazembe zamtendere kuwombola. Mu madoko akuluakulu kumwera chakummawa kwa gombe la China anali ndiye anakhazikitsa ulamuliro wa zombo ogulitsa. chitukuko China ku Middle Ages ...

Development Trade chinathandiza kusintha kwa ndalama chuma. Mu XI-XII CC. Zamkuwa ndi zachitsulo ndalama adayikamo manambala ndigwira kale lonse. Iwo ukufalikira ngakhale kunja China. Pa nthawi yomweyo kumawonjezera ntchito zitsulo zamtengo wapatali ndipo pali woyamba pepala weniweni ndalama, ndithu (Hoti analibe ina olimba), anali kupambana zikuluzikulu za malonda chuma.

Komanso, Jurchen ulamuliro mu madera ambiri a dziko, ngakhale zazindikirika ndi malamulo ambiri zoopsa ndi chikhalidwe Chinese, kunabweretsa chinthu odziwika a wosiyana. Izi anawonetseredwa mu chakuti Jurchen lapadera asilikali utsogoleri gulu mdera, analanda kapena analandira m'mayiko bwino, analipira nthawi 10 zosakwana Chinese, misonkho.

chitukuko China mu Ages Middle