Chosokonekera pa zomangamanga

zimalunzanitsa pamodzi pagoda Chinese ndi zimene Sydney Opera House? Houston Astrodome ndi chachikulu Pantheon ku Rome? Greek Parthenon, ndi City oletsedwa ku China, Angkor Wat ku Cambodia, akachisi ndi mapiramidi a chitukuko chisanadze Columbian? Mwina mawonekedwe? A yankho zolondola - "chosokonekera". Aliyense wa zitsanzo izi, ngakhale nthawi yawo ndi kusiyana kwa chikhalidwe, chikugwirizana ndi izo.

Chosokonekera pa zomangamanga kwenikweni amatanthauza "lingaliro limodzi."

maudindo a zomangamanga.

Mu moyo wa munthu zotsatira zithunzi ndikofunika, ndipo anawonetsera kwathunthu pa zomangamanga a izo. nyumba Large nthawi zakukhudzani mtima, ngakhale khalidwe limeneli monga "mantha" wolotayo. Chosokonekera pa zomangamanga ndi anatipatsira mbali ya lingaliro la zolinga izi.

zomangamanga ndi mwapadera mitundu ina ya luso chifukwa chikhalidwe okhudza malo. Cholinga chenicheni cha katswiri wa zomangamanga amaganiza gulu la danga, limene lidzakhala zisudzo ntchito.

The chosokonekera zaluso ndi zamanja kukongoletsa chimapambana monsemu. Lingaliro chosokonekera ntchito kamangidwe ka zinthu mosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe. Koma ndi chithunzi (pa zikuchokera awiri azithunzi omwe tikunena), ndi osavuta, chizindikiritso cha mitundu chosokonekera mu zinthu atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena ndi kovuta chifukwa timazindikira chinthu amasintha pamene ife tiyang'ana pa kuchokera kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zosiyanasiyana. Pankhani ya zomangamanga, osati tingatani mozungulira chinthu kuchokera kumbali zonse, komanso kudutsa izo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zomangamanga limapereka mwayi wapadera osati kuona chosokonekera, koma kuti "mayeso" izo, chifukwa imakhala mbali ziwiri: "wachabechabe" ndi "kuuma".

Masitaelo a zomangamanga kusiyana ndi tsatanetsatane. kachisi Greek ndi amadziwikanso ndi Kukhonde ndi pediment. The tchalitchi Gothic amakhala ndi arches ndi buttresses. Zinthu zimene amapanga "zovuta" khungu zomangamanga. Unkafuna kapena kamangidwe danga, timamva, kudutsa mnyumbayi.

mitundu chosokonekera

Kodi mapulani masitaelo ambiri, pali mitundu ambiri chosokonekera.

Ambiri, iwo anawagawa m'magulu awiri: magulu mfundo ndi magulu danga. magulu Point yodziwika ndi chiŵerengero awo, osachepera ku chikhomo yofunika. magulu Space mulibe mfundo zenizeni.

Amgwirizano chosokonekera pa zomangamanga, ndi kutali mawonekedwe ambiri, opezeka mu zikhalidwe zonse ndi mu mibadwo yonse. Iwo amachepetsa zikuchokera galasi mnzake (mwachitsanzo - Pantheon wapakamwa ku Rome). Izo zikhoza kukhala pano osati pamlingo wa nyumba wosakwatiwa, komanso danga m'tawuni: njira imeneyi angapezeke mu kamangidwe ka Praça kuchita Comércio (Zamalonda Square) mu Lisbon (zikuluzikulu tawuni sikweya, yaikulu chipata, chachikulu kugula panja chipata ndi symmetrical ndi ulemu kwa nthawi yaitali yopingasa olamulira, amene akulamulira kaonedwe zithunzi).

Rotational ndi chimawala chosokonekera kulenga tanthauzo kuyenda ndi mungoli, moganizira mfundo yaikulu ya malo mapulani.

The chosokonekera cylindrical pa zomangamanga angapezeke makamaka nsanja ndi mizati.

Chiral chosokonekera, mwina zikudziwika, koma kawirikawiri ndi bwino ntchito ya zomangamanga.

The chosokonekera kufanana tsopano kukopa kwambiri chidwi ndipo odziwika bwino makamaka chifukwa chizindikiritso ndi fractals. Mwauzimu kapena helical chosokonekera pa zomangamanga mwina ankaona wapadera mtundu chosokonekera kufanana kwake.

Translational chosokonekera akulowa mlengalenga gulu, ndipo pambuyo amgwirizano chosokonekera - mtundu ambiri chosokonekera pa zomangamanga ndi.

Zonse izo, mu chiwerengero cha nyumba mtundu kuposa wina chosokonekera. Mwachitsanzo, pagoda Chinese, imene pali chosokonekera cylindrical ndi kufanana.

danga mapulani

Tsopano zimene zimadetsa nkhawa danga mapulani. mfundo ziwiri n'zofunika kwambiri za "wachabechabe": likulu ndi msewu. Kamangidwe ka pakati, iwo anazindikira kuti mfundo, koma njira - olamulira. The Center amagwirizana ndi malo ofunika mkati mwa malo lalikulu kamangidwe, monga guwa mu mpingo. Njira (olamulira) - gulu kupyola mu kadanga wowerenga a.

olamulira chosokonekera - njira chachikulu cha mawu a kamangidwe mapulani. mbiri kuposa 1,500 chaka cha zomangamanga limasonyeza kuti danga mapulani ali kusanduka zaka zambiri ndi mfundo yaikulu chosokonekera. Mu Roma, okhwima ofananira chosokonekera pa zomangamanga wafunsira ndi yaikulu, malo akewo kuwalitsa tanthauzo la bwino, osati mphamvu.