Njoka Primorye Gawo: mwachidule, malongosoledwe a mitundu ndi makhalidwe

Primorye - ndi malo okhawo padziko lapansi oundana siinafike, kotero inu mukhoza kukumana zomera chidina analipo kale ndi Ice Age. The N'chimodzimodzinso ndi zinyama zake. Dera limeneli ndi olemera kwambiri, chirichonse pano: nyanja ndi mapiri, mchere ndi mankhwala kudya loyenda mitsinje ndi nyanja bwino wa nsomba, mapanga lodziwika bwino ndi yaikulu wobiriwira malo nayonso, amene azikhala Ussuri nyalugwe ndi wakuda chimbalangondo.

Ndi zosadabwitsa kuti zambiri chonchi Primorye njoka anapereka mitundu ochepa, 3 amene ali poizoni.

Primor

Mwatsoka, masiku mzinda wokhalamo kwathunthu ndinazolowera moyo panja, zomwe mwina kanyenya kapena pamene patchuthi. Nthawi zambiri anthu sangathe kusiyanitsa pulayimale popula ku birch.

Ndi lalikulu, aliyense wa ife ayenera kudziwa zimene maso, kumva ndi kumvetsa fungo kuti ayende mbalame taonani, podziwa makhalidwe ake ndi zinyama. Koma tsoka, umbuli ambiri ndi kupanda chidwi zofunika alinso ndi anthu ndi chilengedwe kwamuyaya.

Ndipo kudziwa Mwachitsanzo, zomwe njoka zimapezeka Primorsky Krai, n'kofunika, ngati watumidwa ku nkhalango kwa masanje, mwinamwake izo zikhoza kutha mavuto. Mu malo awa, anthu ambiri zokwawa, chimene munthu ayenera kupewa atatu - Sakhalin mamba, kum'mawa ndi miyala mphiri njoka.

Pali mtundu umodzi wa makonzedwe njoka zaululu. zokwawa awa si kuopseza moyo, koma chifukwa ambiri kusapeza Choncho, kupita kwa nkhalango, ndi bwino nkhawa mankhwala nduna ndi adakalibe, ndi kudziwa mmene kuyang'ana njoka yoopsa Primorye.

kum'mawa cottonmouth

njoka kuli kovuta kusokoneza wina uliwonse, chifukwa ali ndi mtundu chosiyana monga mabwalo wakuda pa mbali ya thupi, amene amalowana mukulumikizidwa pamodzi kumbuyo. Pakamwa pako kuti maso ako pa kum'mawa mphiri njoka kupita mipiringidzo, kuwapatsa iwo mtundu wa zachimwemwe, koma ndi bwino kum'khulupirira.

Izi njoka mu Primorsky Gawo amakonda malo achinyezi ndi mayiwe, monga iwo chabwino osambira ndi kutsika bwino. Angapezeke mu chigumula zigwa, bogs ndi nkhalango. Pali nthawi zina pamene, pa kusamuka kwa cottonmouth kum'mawa anasambira mitsinje ndi ngakhale kumalo yaing'ono.

Kuthetsa mavuto awa ali chaka, monga akufunafuna malo oyenera wintering. Izi njoka mu Primorsky Gawo, komanso ena ambiri amakonda kugona pansi kapena malo ogona, amene amaundana ndi kosamugonjera osefukira madzi Sungunulani, ndipo kuti ali ndi kuyang'ana kwa mapanga abwino kapena mphako mapiri. Nthawi zina mu malo amodzi iwo amatenga kwa anthu 2,000.

Nthawi zambiri overwintering kamakumba una wa makoswe ili kwinakwake pa phiri, amene eni mphiri kale kudyedwa.

Dyetsani njoka si mbalame yekha ndi nyama, koma nsomba, ndipo achule ndi achule. Kum'mawa cottonmouth njoka amagwiritsa ntchito monga momwe ena njoka zaululu wa Primorsky Krai. Anthu iwo alibe mlandu, ndipo mwinamwake kupewa iwo, ngati inu muli ndi kum'mawa cottonmouth, ingodikirani pamene amakwawa. Njoka mwina masentimita 5-10 okha pa mapazi anu ndi zosavuta kukwawa, ngati iye akuona kuti si pangozi.

miyala cottonmouth

Umu ndi mmene njoka zapoizoni Primorsky Krai kuti mtundu ngati achenjeze anthu: "Usakhale, Ndine choopsa!" Ndi miyala mphiri ndi chotengera ndi mikwingwirima yowala bulauni, wosiyana ndi kumvera pa kulankhula yowala.

Njoka njoka, komanso ena, kuchititsa kuwonongeka alumidwa masitepe 2:

• Choyamba, ndi hemotoxin amphamvu kwambiri amene amachititsa thrombosis ndi kukha mwazi;
• Kachiwiri, ndi neurotoxin zimene zimachititsa ziwalo za kapepala kupuma ndi wovulalayo pulayimale mathalauza, ngati sakadafa wa necrosis kwambiri.

Ambiri cottonmouth miyala mapiri, ndicho nkhuni mwala scree mu nkhokwe Ussuri, Lazovsky ndi Sikhote-Alin. Osiyana mitundu ya njoka mu Primorsky Gawo yozizira ku malo amodzi. Kungakhale kwambiri M'mimbamo kapena mpita kuti akuya mamita 4, pomwe nkhosa zokwawa kuchokera kumbali zonse. Mu dzenje limodzi ngati ndi kudzakhalire wothamanga, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphiri njoka ndi mphiri, ndi njoka. Mwa hibernation iwo kupita mu April ndi May.

Sakhalin mamba

Lokongolali ndi yaing'ono njoka mdima imvi kapena brownish mtundu ndi wokongola chitsanzo yokhotakhota Mwinanso ngati pang'ono zabwino pamodzi thupi, koma zimagawidwa monga "njoka yoopsa kwambiri mu Primorsky Gawo." Njoka mphiri ali katundu hemolytic, ndipo ngati munthu walumidwa kapena ngakhale nyama zikuluzikulu monga kavalo, munthu amafa mwa ola limodzi magazi nesvorachivaemosti ndiponso kukha magazi angapo mu ziwalo.

Sakhalin mamba wakonda kukhala m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi nyanja, koma angapezeke mu ovuta wa m'mphepete mwa nyanja pafupi Sovetskaya Gavan ndi malire a gombe ndi nkhalango, kotero ulesi pa gombe la mtsinje, monga nsapato mu tchire ndi bwino kupita.

Njoka konse kuukira woyamba ndipo amapewa anthu, koma ngati inu mubwera pa yankho lake, ndithudi, amaluma. njoka ili wakudya abuluzi, makoswe ang'ono ndi mbalame.

kambuku kwambiri

Pali conventionally njoka mu Gawo Primorsky, amene kuluma sikuti kupha munthu kapena nyama, koma kumafunika mphindi zosasangalatsa. Okongola nyalugwe kwenikweni amatanthauza gulu amenewa.

m'litali ndi mpaka mamita 1.1 kale kuchita noticeable ake, koma kuwonjezera mtundu umenewo kumbuyo njoka ranges kuchokera azitona ndi wobiriwira kumwamba mtundu buluu ndi mikwingwirima yopingasa wakuda kapena mawanga, amene amaupereka ngati nyalugwe.

Akamakula mu mtundu uwu wa njoka zikuoneka lalanje kapena pabuka mawanga amene more "aunikire" khungu lake.

Kambuku njoka kuluma si owopsa ndipo ayenera kumuopa, ngati msana pa inu. Mu nkhani ya zoopsa, iye amanyamula thunthu ndi akutembenukira kwa mdani khosi lake, limene zopangitsa kuti apange acrid poizoni chinsinsi kuti nyama zing'onozing'ono wakupha.

Ngati mankhwala limalowera mu pachilonda munthu, zotsatira zake zingakhale sizimadziwika kwambiri - poizoni kwambiri kwa imfa ndi mtima ofooka.

Japanese kwambiri

Iwo maloprimetnaya njoka ang'onoang'ono theka mita m'litali wakonda kukhala mkungudza-deciduous ndi ang'ono-Ndalankhula nkhalango, nthawizina angapezeke mu meadows pafupi tchire mabulosi. Tidziwe kuti silidzakhala Lofewa mu udzu ndi masamba. Mtundu wa khungu la njoka Japanese ranges ku Kamaoneka kuti bulauni mdima ndi chokoleti.

Mwina apereke lachikasu gulu anakafika ku pakamwa m'maso. Pamimba njoka azitona kapena wachikasu. Kupeza m'pofunika kupeza phindu kuyesa pang'ono iye camoufleur okongola ndi malo moyo amasankha kwambiri kwaokha - stumps yoola, mitengo wagwa, miyala.

Izo wakudya uzhik advantageously, nyongolotsi, achule ndi mollusks yaing'ono. The ofanana pafupi kuti njoka izo zimaonetsa palibe chitsanzo pa khungu.

Amur wothamanga

njoka ili angatchedwe filimu nyenyezi, monga m'malo ake achibale Amur wothamanga zoopsa ndi mankhwala mafilimu a osiyana- siyana. mtundu wakuda, amene anasokoneza ndi mikwingwirima yowala chikasu, mupatseni bwinobwino zosowa, amene ntchito ndi atsogoleri, kuwombera powonekera wina ndi anthu njoka kuukira.

Zokwawa zambiri ndifilimu kuti amawathandiza kuphatikiza malo, koma Amur wothamanga ndi mikwingwirima yake yowala ndi chodziwikiratu kuti apambane, choncho anthu ambiri amadabwa chifukwa iye ndi "wamatama chovala."

Ndipotu, ndi podziteteza, monga adani ake maso sakuzindikira thupi lonse chifukwa cha izi mizere chikasu kumugwetsera kuti unakhota pamene njoka amakwawa. Izi zimamupatsa iye mwayi ndi nthawi kuthawa.

Amur wothamanga mwamtheradi kuopa anthu, ndipo ngakhale malo ake - nkhalango ndi udzu, nthawi zambiri zikukhazikitsa m'minda ndi kuzungulira nyumba, zimene zimawachititsa anthu kwambiri. Ngakhale amphaka choncho sangathe kulimbana ndi mbewa ndi makoswe ang'ono ngati njoka izi.

Amasankha malo anu okhala ndi kusiya kokha pa nkhani ya nsapato kufufuza kapena malo abwino kwa dzinja, koma nthawizonse amabwerera pambuyo kugona pa malire awo.

coluber

inanso njoka izi m'mayiko ambiri m'gulu gulu la ziweto ndi ziweto. Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa. Coluber mwamsanga azolowere anthu ndi kudya dzanja, ndi yosalala ake, mosiyana ndi njoka zina, khungu ndi zosangalatsa kukhudza. Iwo amakhala mu minda ya mpesa ndi mwangwiro kukwera mitengo, kusambira ndi madzi.

mtundu awo ranges kuchokera grayish backrest ndi mawanga akuda kuyatsa imvi kapena brownish chikasu ndi speckles. Kuthengo amakonda otsetsereka a m'mapiri, mzinda wa bogs, madambo chigumula cha mitsinje ndi ya m'mapiri meadows.

Iwo kudya chirichonse iwo amagwira - kuchokera nyama zing'onozing'ono ndi mbalame kuti tizilombo, nsomba ndi mazira. nyamazo kale zopotola, monga achitira boas ndi mazira kumeza lonse.

Pafupifupi iwo moyo mpaka zaka 9-10. Nawa kaŵirikaŵiri anakumana njoka malire m'chigawo cha Primorsky Krai.

Krasnospinny wothamanga

Njoka zochepa wotchedwa chifukwa chake maolivi akuda ku mizere 4 "alimbane" ndi pabuka mawanga edging. Krasnospinny wothamanga ngati madzi ndi nthawi zikukhazikitsa pafupi madzi kapena matendawa, achinyezi kwambiri ndi m'madambo. Kukasaka m'madzi, makamaka kudyetsa nsomba yaing'ono, achule, ndipo pamene mwayi mbalame ndi makoswe ang'ono.

Zodabwitsa mu njoka izi kuti liwu'li likuyimira za zokwawa viviparous kuti zachilendo. njoka Small kuonekera mu mthunzi, chokhala dzira nthawi yomweyo kusiya ndi kuyamba kusaka. kukula Young adya, nyongolotsi ndi tizilombo.

malamulo chitetezo

Ngati mulibe kupita chikhalidwe ndipo sali bwino ozungulira zachilengedwe malangizo abwino imeneyi - kukhala tcheru ndi osamala. Powona kuti kukwawa mu udzu chikasu njoka (Primorsky Krai anthu akhoza kukhala osiyana kwambiri, mtundu nthawi zina zosowa) sayenera kulalata ndiponso kumenya ake ndi ndodo.

Njoka mantha ndi kupewa anthu, ndipo pamene msonkhano mwayi akadali zinachitika, ayenera kulola iwo kukwawa pa njira yake.