Crane Gray: chithunzi, makhalidwe moyo

M'nkhaniyi tiphunzira za mbalame imodzi chidwi kwambiri ndi lalikulu. Kireni izi. Total 7 Mbalame za mitundu moyo mu Russia. Awa, ambiri ndipo ambiri ali wamba imvi Kireni.

malo

Gray cranes chisa ku Ulaya kumadzulo ndi kumpoto, Russian m'madera ambiri (mpaka Mtsinje Kolyma beseni. Ndi Trans-Baikal), mu China ndi kumpoto Mongolia. Komanso ena amaoneka mu Altai, Tibet ndi Turkey. M'nyengo yozizira, ndi cranes, ngati mbalame kwambiri zambiri amasamukira kum'mwera: mu East, ndipo Africa North, Spain, France, ndi Middle East, India ndi China (kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa).

malo awo kukaikira mazira: m'madera chinyontho ndi floodplains (achinyontho). Mu nkhani ya kusowa kwa madambo akhoza kuthetsa ndipo pafupi zaulimi. Kawirikawiri kwa wintering cranes kusankha malo kwambiri wapamwamba kwambiri, m'malo kuli yokutidwa ndi udzu msipu.

Common Crane: photos, ikulongosola

Amuna ndi akazi musati amasiyana Chrixitu mu maonekedwe. Mtundu osakhala ndi mtundu wa akulu - imvi. Ochepa ndi wakuda, ena nthenga: primaries (choyambirira, sekondale, ukachenjede ndi opaque), komanso nthenga mchira (nsonga zawo).

Pamwamba pa mutu nthenga ndi pafupifupi kwina, ndi malo a khungu anabala pa izo - wofiira. Nthawi zonse ndi wofiira "kapu" pa mutu amapita imvi Kireni (chithunzi chikusonyeza bwino mfundo imeneyi).

The mmunsi mwa khosi, m'mbali mwake, mbali ya mutu (zapambuyo) ndi chibwano ndi brownish mtundu wakuda. Pa khosi ndi mutu wa mbalame chionekera zikuchepa motsutsa lamizeremizere woyera kuti akuthamanga motsatira mbali ya mutu m'mphepete kumbuyo, komanso kunja kwa khosi.

Izi ndi mwachilungamo lalikulu mbalame: kutalika - 115 cm, ndi mapiko ndi aatali mamita kwa 2. Kulemera ndi 6 makilogalamu amuna ndi akazi - pang'ono zosakwana (5.900 kg). Nthenga coloration chizathandiza mbalame masked mu nkhalango kwa adani. Mlomo ukufika miyeso mpaka 30 cm. Gray ndi wofiira nthenga mathero ali wamng'ono imvi Kireni. Miyendo mbalame mdima.

kubalana

Gray Kireni - mbalame monogamous. Patsalanso angapo moyo. Pokhapokha ngati mkazi kapena mwamuna akamwalira, mbalame kupulumuka wapeza mkazi. Ndipo ena aŵiri angagwe m'chitsanzo kufuna analephera ndi mbadwa yaitali.

Kuchokera April kuti July otsiriza kuswana nyengo. Childs, nthunzi aumbike isanafike ndege pafupi ndi malo a kukaikira mazira. Atafika pa mwamuna ndi suti akazi achilendo kwambiri mwambo kuvina. Iwo kuimira kulumpha, kukupiza mapiko ndi tittup zofunika.

Pamwamba pa madzi kapena pafupi gawo dziko amasankhidwa (ndi youma) chofunika wandiweyani zomera (mabango ndi m. P.). Ndi malo chisa. Mwamuna ndi mkazi kulengeza kusankha abwino malo drawling mawu. Motero, yang'anirani malire awo.

Nkosafuna chisa - lalikulu (oposa 1 mita awiri). Inamangidwa pa chuma ambiri osiyanasiyana. Kawirikawiri, akazi kutchera mazira awiri. Nthawi makulitsidwe kumatenga masiku 31. Ndipo mwamuna ndi mkazi mazira. Atangochoka kubadwa kwa anapiye akhoza kusiya chisa makolo. nthenga zawo zonse pambuyo 70 masiku.

mbali moyo

Gray Crane, monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, pobwera kunyumba akuyamba achilendo kugwedeza mwendo. Kupanga izo kaya payekha kapena paketi. Nthawi imeneyi mbalame mosamala kwambiri, choncho yang'anani zonse patali zokha. Cranes pa malo kuswana kawirikawiri konse kupanga misonkhano misa, mwachitsanzo awiriawiri chisa kutali Chrixitu.

Jack mwamuna ndi mkazi kumanga mofulumira kwambiri ndi mosasamala. Chifukwa, icho chiri chabe mtolo wa nkhuni anasonkhana ankafika. Mkati chisa ndi thireyi alimbane ndi udzu wouma. Monga ulamuliro, mbalame wamkulu zatenga zisa zawo (chaka chatha). zitsulo zimenezi zingakhale awiri cranes kutumikira kwa zaka zingapo, pang'ono pokha chaka chilichonse mbalame izo kusinthidwa.

Kufalitsa cranes ku Russia

Gray Kireni mu Russia ukufanizidwa ndi subspecies awiri - Western ndi kum'mawa. amasiyana pang'ono Chrixitu. M'malire a yogawa awo, komanso subspecies awo ufulu kuphunzira mu dziko lero zimakhalanso bwino. Pafupifupi tikhoza kunena kuti malire umene umawalekanitsa subspecies awiri, kukupitirira Ural. subspecies Western amakhala mbali Loona za Russia, ndi kum'mawa - mu Asia.

Komanso, amadziwika kuti yozizira imvi Kireni ku gawo Loona za dziko kuuluka Africa (Morocco, Egypt, etc ...), Ndipo kuchokera kummawa (wamoyo makamaka Siberia) - North India kapena China. A gawo laling'ono la Eurasian Crane overwinters mu South Caucasus.

Pomaliza, chidwi kwambiri

Kumayambiriro kwa kuswana nyengo, cranes imvi nthenga wake yokutidwa ndi matope ndi matope. Zimenezi zimawathandiza kuti kubisa ndipo tibiseni kwa adani, kuwapanga osaonekera mu nthawi makulitsidwe ndi kuswa la anapiye awo.

Gray Crane, komanso mitundu ina, akuyamba ndege ake ndi yosalala athamangadi-kwa mphepo, chothamanga aonetsa mapiko yaikulu monga zofunika.

Ndithu omnivorous imvi cranes: kudya zomera (Tubers, masamba, zimayambira, zipatso zokwana, zipatso, ndi zina zotero.), Invertebrates (tizilombo ndi mphutsi), inakhala (njoka, achule, ndi makoswe nsomba). Komanso Kireni akhoza kudyetsa tirigu, pamene ngakhale naonekera kuopseza mbewu.