Dongosolo la dothi komanso katundu wawo

Kuwona kuyenerera kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dothi pazinthu zachuma ndi zamakono, pali mndandanda wa dothi. Mukawatsogoleredwa ndi ma laboratory, munda ndi maphunziro a geology, mutha kuzindikira mtundu uliwonse wa dothi ndikukhulupirira kuti ntchito yake ndi yoyenera mu khalidwe limodzi.

Chizindikiro cha nthaka chimasonyeza momwe iwo anapangidwira, chikhalidwe cha chiyambi, komanso mankhwala, mawonekedwe ndi thupi. Sizinanenenso kuti kuyesa kwa nthaka zosiyanasiyana kumapangidwa molingana ndi maonekedwe angapo, zoyenera ndi makhalidwe. Mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana ya dothi, maonekedwe ndi boma zimayambitsa kukhazikitsa chiwerengero chachikulu cha zinthu zosiyana siyana, zomwe zimagawa dothi.

Mitundu yonse ya dothi , malinga ndi chikhalidwe chawo, ingagawidwe m'magulu awiri: miyala ndi yosalimba. M'magulu awa, mndandanda wa dothi umapereka chigawenga kukhala magulu osiyanasiyana malinga ndi chiyambi ndi chikhalidwe cha mapangidwe. Maziko a miyala pa maziko awa agawanika kukhala igneous ndi metamorphic. Ndipo osati zowonongeka - pachiyambi ndi kumayambira.

Kuonjezerapo, mkati mwa magulu onse a gulu, kuduladula kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nthaka kudaliranso. Maziko a mndandanda woteroyo angakhale malo enieni a dothi, mankhwala awo ambiri kapena zinthu zakuthambo. Malingana ndi zizindikiro izi, chigawo chachikulu, silty, clayey, biogenic, mchenga ndi mitundu ina ya dothi ndipatali. Mndandanda wowonjezereka wapangidwa kale malingana ndi momwe zimayambira mchere ndi kukula kwa tinthu, kukula kwake kwa dothi ndi pulasitiki, komanso pazinthu zina.

Chiwerengero cha dothi ladothi ndi chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga, kulingalira ndi kukonza nyumba zosiyanasiyana. Popeza dothi lofala kwambiri. Kusiyanitsa kwa dothi la mtundu uwu kuchokera ku magulu ena a magawo ndiko kukhazikika kwa mgwirizano wawo wa makina ndi madzi a colloidal. Pakati pa dothi dothi, pali malo ambirimbiri omwe amapatsidwa, pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro za physicochemical ndi mawotchi katundu.

Mtengo wa dothi ngatilo pa ntchito yomangamanga ndi chuma cha dziko lonse lapansi ndikuti iwo ndiwo mapeto a kusintha kwa geological ndipo amatha kulimbana ndi chilengedwe cha chigawochi. Kwa nthaka zoterezo ndizozoloŵera kufotokoza maonekedwe opangidwa bwino omwe ali osakanikirana ndi osachepera atatu peresenti ya dothi la dongo ndikuwonetsera makhalidwe abwino apulasitiki ndi kutupa pansi pa humidification. Zida zimenezi ndizosiyana ndi dothi la dothi.

Malingana ndi chilembo chawo chachikulu , iwo amagawidwa kuti alowe, dongo ndi mchenga. Kawirikawiri, chigawo chawo chachikulu (mineral particles) ndi dongosolo la polydisperse. Pazigawo za mchere, dothi ngatilo ndilosiyana kwambiri. Kawirikawiri maziko awo amapangidwa ndi magawo a quartz ndipo amagawidwe a mchere wogawidwa bwino, nthawi zina mu dothi ngatilo muli carbonates ndi mchere wosiyanasiyana .