Dongosolo msonkho US

Dongosolo misonkho ku United States kumadalira pa mfundo za liberalization zachuma. Akamanena za mfundo imeneyi chagona pa ntchito zothandiza lamakono owongolera chitukuko msika chuma. Kapangidwe gulu la dongosolo zikuphatikizapo zigawo zitatu ndipo wapangidwa ndi mitundu ngati misonkho: feduro, boma ndi makonsolo.

Ku malo a popatsana (chuma) kuthekera msonkho mu US mwina akuyendera mwa izi zofunika:

- kugwiritsa ntchito za amortization inapita wa PF, umene kuonjezera gawo la ndalama, ndipo chotero, kuchepetsa cholowa cha phindu mu mtengo wa utumiki ndi mankhwala. Mu mawu ena - phindu kwa msonkho ndi chida yotithandiza ndalama ku mabungwe bizinesi;

- ubwino zokhudza ndalama mu kafukufuku ndi ntchito zina zomanga alandire okwana yomenyera wolipira msonkho;

- Kuyamikira msonkho mfundo wapadera kuti amapatsidwa ntchito njira yopanga njira zina mphamvu, chiwerengero okwana amene ali pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya mbewu ntchito ndi zida.

Current dongosolo msonkho US sagwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa mphamvu dera ndipo anthu 70 pa ndalama zonse msonkho amapita ku bajeti feduro, kenako tsankho kusokonekera pa mlingo Kupititsa kuti inati.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa pakhala kuwonjezeka revenues msonkho kwa limati okha m'madera a chikhalidwe chitetezo, umoyo ndi kukhazikika. Komabe, ang'onoang'ono ku bajeti feduro akadali palpable ndithu (70 peresenti).

Dongosolo msonkho US ndi chinyezimiro cha ntchito zachuma a boma, ozikidwa pa anthu misonkho (anthu). Waukulu mitundu ya msonkho ndi:

- msonkho, amene kwaiye 40 peresenti ya ndalama za boma mlingo bajeti;

- zopereka anthu kuti ndalama, wopangidwa wofanana mbali ngati bwana ndi antchito.

msonkho mu US amadziwika zovuta za mawerengedwe a nkhani ndalama kwa misonkho. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha yunifolomu kufalitsidwa katundu msonkho kwa anthu onse. N'zotheka kuti achotse ndalama zina kwa ndalama msonkho, ntchito angapo ubwino munthu, ntchito sikelo wapadera mitengo msonkho, amene regressive ndipo amachepetsa ndi kuwonjezeka mu kuchuluka kwa ndalama za msonkho. Mfundo imeneyi umayamba pofuna kupewa kuzemba ya mawerengedwe ndi malipiro yake ya msonkho.

Dongosolo msonkho US ndi misonkho ya gawo bizinesi zikuphatikizapo misonkho zotsatirazi:

- msonkho wa mabungwe, wolemera 9 peresenti ya ndalama bajeti boma ndi za 5 peresenti ya ndalama boma;

- msonkho ndalama amakumana ndi mfundo likulu kakatundu;

- State msonkho pa bizinesi, amene anatsimikiza ndi zolowa ndi likulu.

yotsirizira misonkho awiri, makamaka anasewera mbali ya "yang'anira" lomwe, ndipo zotsatira ndalama bajeti ya yaing'ono.

Mbali yapadera ya dongosolo msonkho angakhale monga mwana udindo wa misonkho excise, amene woyikidwa yekha ndi owerengeka mitundu ya ntchito ndi katundu, mlingo msonkho mu zosiyanasiyana 0% - 8%.

Katundu (chuma) adzakhala msonkho pa nkhani ya anthu malamulo. Chuma payekha nzika, ntchito ndi munthu, si nkhani kwa misonkho. The msonkho boma akhoza umene yekha ndi katundu analandira mwa nzika mwa mphatso kapena cholowa.