Typological gulu la zinenero zitsanzo. Suffix chinenero cha Chirasha

zinenero zonse za padziko lapansi ndi osiyana kwambiri, koma iwo bungwe typologically imodzi mwa mfundo ziwiri: pali agglutinative, ndipo inflected. mfundo izi - chinachake chonga malamulo imene mawu m'chinenero umanena ndi mzake ndi kupanga atsopano.

zinenero Agglutinative imakonzedwa motere: pali zifukwa zikuluzikulu zomwe anamaliza waukulu lexical tanthauzo, ndi mu zina, mosamalitsa kumatanthauza affixes kuti akuwonjezeka, ie, morpheme ena ... Agglutinative ndi Chifinishi, Estonia, Turkey ndi zina m'zinenero.

M'zinenero inflected, nayenso, ndi mizu, amene ali yekha tanthauzo lexical, koma affixes - osokoneza. A chitsanzo chapadera cha chinenero inflected ndi Russian, ndi affixes - ukutha, prefixes ndi suffixes chinenero Russian. Iwo zosiyanasiyana ndi mawonekedwe.

Suffix chinenero cha Chirasha angatanthauze zinthu zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, panopa participle yogwira nthawi mawu - iwo anapanga kudzera suffixes -usch - / - yusch-. Suffix mu -usch Russian - (- yusch-) ali pa yomweyo tanthauzo la mawu akuti ndi mawonekedwe ake chabe - panopa participle ndi mawu yogwira. M'zinenero agglutinative -usch suffix - (- yusch-) adzakhala suffixes atatu ndi mfundo zitatu zosiyana.

Preformative ndi suffixes zoyambirira ndi prefixes

Ndi manambala oyambirira ndi suffix chinenero cha Chirasha kungakhale savuta T. E. Kuti apange latsopano mawonekedwe a mawu, kusintha wake zizindikiro sanali okhazikika (mwachitsanzo, mneni suffix chinenero cha Chirasha zinachitika kale -l- kusintha mawu amene anawagwiritsa ntchito ndi tsiku zakale, komabe mneni ..) ndi preformative mwachitsanzo amene kusintha tanthauzo la mawu (Mwachitsanzo, manambala oyambirira ti: kupita - kulowa). Ndi manambala oyambirira nthawi zambiri preformative suffix m'chilankhulo cha Russian - ulili. Mapeto pali zoyambirira yekha. Ndi inflected zikuphatikiza Chirasha, Arabic, Latin, Greek.

suffixes participles

N'zochititsa chidwi kwambiri kuphunzira gulu la suffixes, participles ndi kalembedwe awo. Ganizirani nthawi (zapitazo ndipo panopa - tsogolo ma sakaramenti si choncho), gawo (weniweni kapena kungokhala chete) mu conjugation umene mneni imagwiritsidwa participle pano. Participle mu pakali pano ali yogwira mawu suffix mu chinenero -usch Russian - (- yusch-) zoyambirira ndi declination -asch - (- yasch-) kwa wachiwiri. M'mbuyomu chikolecho chomwecho - suffix -w - / - vsh-. Kungochita pakali pano - -em - / - patsogolo, ndipo anapereka zinachitika kale suffixes mneni Chirasha -n - / - ndi nn- -m- (wopindidwa). Mawonekedwe yotsirizira ya sacramenti kaŵirikaŵiri kusokonezedwa ndi adjective, koma muwawuze iwo zovuta: muchiyanjano sangakhale mutayamba kudalira manauni. Iwo likukhalira kuti onse mneni akhoza kupangidwa 4 mgonero, koma sikuti ntchito.

Analephera kuswa chinenero pamaziko a zovuta ndi yosavuta, okongola ndi yonyansa. Pa dzanja limodzi, nthawi wonyeketsa kuphunzira tebulo mathero kuphunzira inflected, ndi pa zina - kuyesetsa kumvetsa mmene monga mozungulira mu transposing. Izo zonse zikudalira mwini wake wa chinenero muli ndi zinenero aphunzitsidwa kale. Mulimonsemo, kuphunzira wina chinenero - osangalatsa ndi wopindulitsa chizolowezi.