Engelmann spruce: kufotokoza ndi zithunzi

Conifers spruce limakula kulikonse. Pali anthu ambiri amene mitundu ya mtengo yobiriwira. Chimodzi mwa wokongola - Engelmann spruce. Pa mitundu yake, pamene kudzala ndi momwe kuliyang'anira, kuwerenga nkhaniyi.

mwachidule

Engelmann spruce mtundu wa spruce paini banja. Mu chilengedwe, malo ake kukula chimakwirira mapiri a lamba nkhalango ya North America. Chimakula mu mthunzi wa malo otsetsereka phiri zigwa ikakhala mkulu mamita 1500-3500 pamwamba pa nthaka m'madera ambiri nkhalango koyera ndi kusakaniza.

anansi ake, lamba m'munsi mwa malo kukula akhoza kukhala monochrome ndi okongola Oil, kumadzulo hemlock, larch, paini zopotoka shirokohvostye ndi pamwamba - subalpine Oil, phiri hemlock, Larix Lyallii, lagolide, zofewa pine.

Monga kukongoletsa softwood mu Europe akulimidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, kuyambira cha m'ma 19, ndi mu Russia - kuchokera kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma chomwecho. Engelmann spruce - mtengo kudya kukula. Osati chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, chifukwa zigawo zingapo zomwe ali oyenera kukula. Pafupifupi moyo zaka mazana atatu kapena anai, koma nthawi zina moyo wake amayembekezeka ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Iwo ali kukana mkulu chisanu.

mitundu khalidwe

Zomera yobiriwira ndi makhalidwe mkulu kukongoletsa. Ngakhale kuti mtundu uliwonse wa mbewu ali katundu kuti kuwasiyanitsa ndi firs zina, iwo onse amafanana "chachikulu". Inde, mbewu ukufika mamita makumi awiri kapena kuposa msinkhu ndi masentimita makumi asanu ndi anayi awiri. conifer ake chivundikiro wamphamvu chimaonekera ndi masentimita atatu yaitali ndi millimeters awiri m'lifupi.

Komanso, Engelmann spruce, zimene kupanga izo anganene, amakhala ndi udindo wapadera wa nthambi: iwo onse pang'ono linapendekeka downwards, ngati kulira. korona wandiweyani ali ndi mawonekedwe conical ndi zambiri asymmetric. Woonda kutumphuka ndi ming'alu ambiri yokutidwa ndi mamba. Iwo ali mtundu pabuka-bulauni. The zanthete za kulocha chikasu alipo.

Impso ndi mawonekedwe conical, ndi masingano - tetrahedral. Iye lakuthwa, mbali iliyonse ya izo zimawoneka mizere iwiri anayi stomatal. Mtundu wa singano paini wamng'ono spruce imvi wobiriwira, ndi mtengo wakale - wobiriwira. Mu malo awo a chiyambi, iwo Musakhetse masingano nthambi spruce ndi pa zaka khumi ndi zisanu.

Kufotokozera za zipatso

Cones ndi ovate-cylindrical mawonekedwe. Pa nthambi mu malo ikulendewera. kutalika ndi anai mpaka asanu ndi masentimita, m'lifupi - awiri ndi theka. masamba mwana ndi burgundy mtundu, kucha - kuwala kamvekedwe bulauni. Imodzi flakes mwachisawawa oyenerera pa pamwamba. Kucha nthawi - August kapena September. Igwani masamba kasupe kwa chaka chotsatira, ndipo iwo alibe kugwa.

Mbewu ili mu axils wa m'miyeso. kutalika - millimeters atatu. Iwo utoto zofiirira ndi kukhala Phiko limodzi millimeters khumi. Mbeu ndi laling'ono kwambiri. Yerekezerani: chikwi zidutswa za mbewu akulemera magalamu atatu basi.

ntchito

Spruce zambiri mlendo minda yakunja. Iye amaona bwino mu landings osakwatiwa, koma sasiya zotsatira ndi gulu lake kukongoletsa kakwamba wa ochepa makope. Ake anabzala minda, pamodzi misewu ya m'misewu, timakambira. Ntchito polenga Njira mabacteria.

mitundu ya mitengo coniferous ali mitundu angapo. Wotchuka kwambiri Engelmann spruce khungu. Ena mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono, ndi kuwonjezeka pang'ono, ndi zachilendo kwa ife masingano mtundu, amene ali woyera.

Khungu Canada spruce

Dzinali odziwikiratu: mtundu uwu conifers American. Pine ndi mitundu kawirikawiri mapangidwe nayonso Canada. mtengo akhoza kukula kwa kutalika mamita mazana khumi ndi asanu. nyengo ya kukula ndi analogue a pa spruce Siberia. Choncho Siberia kwa khungu ndi kunyumba yachiwiri.

Kumasulira kwa Latin dzina kudya kumabweretsa "buluu imvi". Ngakhale kukongoletsa mitundu bluish ambiri kudya. Koma mitundu Canada ngati singano mtundu - ndi ponseponse. Kukula mu chilengedwe, spruce masingano ali ndi mtundu zochepa owala kuposa mitengo adayilimira, ndi pamwamba kwambiri mamita mpaka makumi atatu. Amatupitsa wandiweyani, conical mawonekedwe, awiri mamita awiri. Mu nthambi za mitengo achinyamata tangentially imatsogoleredwa oposa, ndi spruce akale iwo adatchithisira.

Moyo wautali, zaka mazana mazana atatu kapena asanu. Chimakula mu dothi la zikuchokera aliyense, koma wakonda loamy dothi ndi ngalande nthaka yabwino,. Engelmann spruce glauca kugonjetsedwa kwa Siberia chisanu. Garden mitundu ndi mitundu ya spruce (pali zambiri) zimafalitsidwa vegetatively. Njira yaikulu - rooting wa cuttings.

Low-kukula mitundu amatchedwa nival. malo awo mu Siberia sayambitsa mavuto. Koma mitundu ina amafunika mthunzi apamwamba pa yozizira yowala ndi oyambirira masika dzuwa. Izi makamaka woona mtengo conical mawonekedwe.

Chisebiya spruce Pendula

Ichi ndi chomera wokongola kwambiri mitundu mtengo yodziwika ndi mawonekedwe kulira. Engelmann spruce Pendula kufika msinkhu wa mamita khumi pa zaka makumi awiri. Kwa chaka ilo limakula ndi masentimita khumi ndi khumi ndi asanu. Ndipo zaka khumi, kutalika kwake - mamita khumi. Amatupitsa lonse, m'mimba ake - ndi theka meters. mphukira kusintha lende. masingano mosabisa ndi mtundu wobiriwira, ndi yochitidwa pachimake m'munsi, ndi kutalika kwa masentimita awiri.

Spruce wakonda ndale nthaka ndi chinyezi zolimbitsa. Iwo salola ting'onoting'ono basi nthaka ndi madzi patsogolo. Choncho, tiyenera anabzala kuchokera kudzikundikira yambiri pansi. Pa pansi pa ikamatera dzenje ayenera kuika wosanjikiza ngalande mphamvu makumi awiri masentimita. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa wosweka kapena mchenga. Mu kakwamba gulu mtunda wa pakati pa mitengo Oil adzakhala awiri kapena atatu mamita. Kubzala dzenje lenileni masentimita makumi asanu ndi makumi asanu. Pamene chodzala muzu khosi si wofufuza mu nthaka, zikhale chamadzi pansi.

Kwa mlingo bwino apulumuke mbande angathe kukonzekera nthaka ya kuwaika nthaka tsamba, mchenga ndi peat. Wothira magawo awiri mwa zigawo ziwiri zoyambirira ndi chimodzi - otsiriza. Kamodzi kubzala uli wathunthu, mbande madzi ndi madzi ambiri, malita forte kuti makumi asanu aliyense dzenje. Pamodzi ndi feteleza ulimi wothirira anapanga: NPK ndi kornevin, motero magalamu zana ndi khumi pa ndowa.

Engelmann spruce, amene anapereka kwa kuonera zithunzi, sangakhoze kulekerera kouma. Mu yotentha kwambiri pamafunika kutsirira, zomwe zichitike pa maziko mlungu uliwonse, nthawi imodzi yokha. Mtengo uliwonse madzi ndi zidebe khumi a madzi. Nthaka bwalo pristvolovom nthawi zonse tiyenera anamasuka kuti akuya masentimita asanu, kuteteza mapangidwe kutumphuka, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira kuphimbira ndi peat makulidwe a masentimita asanu. Pambuyo ozizira nthawi kuphimbira kuchotsedwa ndipo wothira nthaka.

Pa kukula nyengo fetereza umagwiritsidwa kawiri. Anadya anaika amazidulira milandu kwapadera, pamene iwo apanga mphukira mpanda. Ndondomeko bwino kusiya kumapeto kwa May kapena chiyambi cha June, ngati pa nthawi ino mabasi mwachangu madzi kuyenda. nthambi wathanzi si kuchotsedwa. Wood kuthetsa nthambi youma ndi matenda.

Spruce Chitsamba Choyaka mikanda

Dzina la mitundu yeniyeni ku English amatanthauza "zingwe Chitsamba Choyaka." Izi mtengo kutalika ukufika mamita asanu m'lifupi - pafupifupi ziwiri. Pa zaka khumi, wamtali - mamita awiri ndi theka. Kwa chaka ilo limakula ndi masentimita makumi atatu mu msinkhu.

Engelmann spruce mikanda okongola. Likulu wochititsa ndi amphamvu, nthambi zosiyanasiyana za mbali chidwi. Pa m'munsi, iwo anawuka ndipo kuŵeramitsa nsonga awo. Padziko thunthu nthambi kupanga siketi lonse. Waung'ono korona spruce ofukula, ndi olemera mtundu buluu la singano pine. The mawonekedwe odabwitsa komanso mtundu wa singano uncharacteristic kukopa connoisseurs wa kukongola. Spruce ntchito m'madera malo ngati njoka zam'mimba za matepi ndi gulu kakwamba.